Raising Our Standards: Rethinking the Supreme Court’s Abortion Jurisprudence

Part II of this Note explores the Supreme Court’s abortion jurisprudence by discussing MKB Management Corp. v. Stenehjem, which declared a North Dakota statute barring abortions after a fetus has a detectable heartbeat to be unconstitutional. Next, Part III analyzes the relevant history surrounding abortion rights and the rationale behind the precedent relied on in Stenehjem. Part IV examines the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit’s decision to void the statute, along with the Eighth Circuit’s vehement plea for a new abortion standard. Finally, Part V of this Note reveals flaws in the Supreme Court’s current abortion jurisprudence and concludes with an outlook on future challenges to the abortion standard

Evaluation of nonmetallic thermal protection materials for the manned space shuttle. Volume 1, task 1: Assessment of technical risks associated with utilization of nonmetallic thermal protection system

Technical problems of design and flight qualification of the proposed classes of surface insulation materials and leading edge materials were reviewed. A screening test plan, a preliminary design data test plan and a design data test plan were outlined. This program defined the apparent critical differences between the surface insulators and the leading edge materials, structuring specialized screening test plans for each of these two classes of materials. Unique testing techniques were shown to be important in evaluating the structural interaction aspects of the surface insulators and a separate task was defined to validate the test plan. In addition, a compilation was made of available information on proposed material (including metallic TPS), previous shuttle programs, pertinent test procedures, and other national programs of merit. This material was collected and summarized in an informally structured workbook

Sensing Subjective Well-being from Social Media

Subjective Well-being(SWB), which refers to how people experience the quality of their lives, is of great use to public policy-makers as well as economic, sociological research, etc. Traditionally, the measurement of SWB relies on time-consuming and costly self-report questionnaires. Nowadays, people are motivated to share their experiences and feelings on social media, so we propose to sense SWB from the vast user generated data on social media. By utilizing 1785 users' social media data with SWB labels, we train machine learning models that are able to "sense" individual SWB from users' social media. Our model, which attains the state-by-art prediction accuracy, can then be used to identify SWB of large population of social media users in time with very low cost.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figures, 2 tables, 10th International Conference, AMT 2014, Warsaw, Poland, August 11-14, 2014. Proceeding

Removal of GIT lesions and the role of impedance of the injection solution—an innovative approach to known methods

In this work, for the first time, the specific impedances of various injection solutions as well as the surface and tissue impedance after injection of these solutions were analyzed and compared regarding the radio-frequency surgical cutting process. The impedances of 0.9% NaCl, 4% gelatine, 6% hydroxyethyl starch, 10% glycerol/5% fructose, 10% glucose, 5% and 20% albumin, blood, and blood plasma as well as aqua destillata have been tested in vitro. Even if EMR and ESD are routinely used in clinical practice, there is so far no easy, fast, and safe method to remove larger lesions en bloc. We show that the impedance of the injected solution shows to be a crucial factor for safe removal, especially of larger lesions (Ø > 20 mm) and more importantly in accordance with the requirements of oncology and pathology. KEY MESSAGES: Impedance is playing a crucial factor in the radio-frequency (RF)-surgery. With a higher Impedance there will be less current necessary to reach the aimed voltage. Injection solution Aqua destillata and 10% Glucose, show significantly higher Impedances. Higher impedances lead to less surgical related complications. Minor changes in existing method to improve patent safety

The gatekeeper: individual differences are key in the chain from perception to behaviour

A basic assumption in mainstream social cognition is that the path from perception to behaviour is often automatic and direct, as supported for example by several experimental studies showing that priming can lead directly to a congruent behaviour without any need of conscious awareness of the process. However, we argue that the priming of a goal or an object activates individual differences in automatic evaluations at the associative level that in turn are the key predictors of action (gatekeeper model). A study (n = 90) on the American stereotype is presented to support the model. The results show that individual differences of the American stereotype as assessed with the IAT predicts a relevant action (essay evaluation) but only under condition of priming. Broader implications for predictive validity of implicit measures are also discussed

The incidence of surgical intervention following a suspected scaphoid fracture

Aims: The underlying natural history of suspected scaphoid fractures (SSF) is unclear and assumed poor. There is an urgent requirement to develop the literature around SSFs to quantify the actual prevalence of intervention following SSF. Defining the risk of intervention following SSF may influence the need for widespread surveillance and screening of SSF injuries and could potentially influence medicolegal actions around missed scaphoid fractures.Methods: Data on SSF was retrospectively gathered from Virtual Fracture Clinic (VFC) across a large Scottish Health Board over a four-year period from 1st January 2018 – 31st December 2021. The Bluespier Electronic Patient Record System identified any surgical procedure being undertaken in relation to a scaphoid injury over the same time period. Isolating patients who underwent surgical intervention for SSF was performed by cross referencing the unique patient Community Health Index [CHI] number for patients who underwent these scaphoid procedures with those seen at VFC for SSF over this four-year period.Results: 1739 patients were identified as having had a SSF. Five patients (0.28%) underwent early ORIF. One patient (0.06%) developed a non-union and underwent ORIF with bone grafting. All 6 patients undergoing surgery were male (p=0.0055). The overall rate of intervention following a SSF was 0.35%. The early intervention rate in those undergoing primary MRI was one (0.36%) compared with 3 in those without (0.27%)(p>0.576, Fishers exact test).Conclusions: Surgical intervention was rare following a SSF and was not required in women. A primary MRI policy did not appear be associated with any change in primary or secondary intervention. This data is the first and largest in recent literature to quantify the prevalence of surgical intervention following a SSF and may be used to guide surveillance and screening pathways as well as defining medicolegal risk involved in missing a true fracture in SSFs

Alginate films augmented with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate particles provide sustained antimicrobial properties for application in wound care

All chronic wounds are colonised by bacteria; for some, colonisation progresses to become infection. Alginate wound dressings are used for highly exuding chronic wounds as they are very absorbent, taking up large quantities of exudate while maintaining a moist wound bed to support healing. Some alginate dressings are doped with antimicrobials, most commonly silver, but evidence regarding the efficacy of these is largely inconclusive. This manuscript describes the development and in vitro assessment of alginate materials doped with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate (CHX-HMP), a sparingly soluble salt which when exposed to aqueous environments provides sustained release of the common antiseptic chlorhexidine. Comparator materials were a commercial silver alginate dressing material and an alginate doped with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHXdg). CHX-HMP alginates provided a dose-dependent CHX release which was sustained for over 14 days, whereas CHXdg alginates released limited CHX and this ceased within 24 h. CHX-HMP and silver alginates were efficacious against 5 major wound pathogens (MRSA, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K pneumoniae, A. baumannii) in a total viable count (TVC) and an agar diffusion zone of inhibition (ZOI) model. At baseline the silver alginate was more effective than the CHX-HMP alginate in the TVC assay but the CHX-HMP alginate was the more effective in the ZOI assay. After 7 days’ artificial aging the CHX-HMP alginate was more effective than the silver alginate for four of the five bacteria tested in both assays. These materials may ultimately find application in the development of wound dressings for chronic wounds that provide sustained antimicrobial protection