6 research outputs found
Parameters characterizing the interactions between tumor suppression factors and tumor cells in the CA dormancy model.
<p>Note that the two “critical threshold” parameters themselves do not incorporate any additional CA rules.</p><p>Parameters characterizing the interactions between tumor suppression factors and tumor cells in the CA dormancy model.</p
The “critical” point at which the noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM with switches from a dormant state to a proliferative state as functions of <i>α</i> and (a).
<p>A schematic phase diagram that characterizes the growth dynamics of a noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM with under different <i>α</i> and (b).</p
Tumor area <i>A<sub>T</sub></i> normalized by the area <i>A</i><sub>0</sub> of the growth permitting region of a simulated noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM under different killing rates by microenvironmental suppression factors.
<p>The parameter <i>k</i><sub>0</sub> is the fraction that the suppression factors from the microenvironment kill the actively dividing proliferative cells when the suppression factors counteract these cells.</p
Upper panel: statistics of a simulated noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM with and microenvironmental suppression factors, as predicted by the “CA dormancy model”.
<p>(a) Tumor area <i>A<sub>T</sub></i> normalized by the area <i>A</i><sub>0</sub> of the growth permitting region. (b) Areas of different cell populations normalized by the area <i>A</i><sub>0</sub> of the growth permitting region. Lower panel: statistics of a simulated noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM with without suppression. (c) Tumor area <i>A<sub>T</sub></i> normalized by the area <i>A</i><sub>0</sub> of the growth permitting region. (d) Areas of different cell populations normalized by the area <i>A</i><sub>0</sub> of the growth permitting region.</p
Snapshots of a simulated noninvasive tumor growing in the ECM with on different days given by the CA dormancy model.
<p>Upper panel: Dormancy period. Lower panel: Regrowth period.</p
A General Chemiluminescence Strategy for Measuring Aptamer–Target Binding and Target Concentration
Although
much effort has been made for studies on aptamer–target
interactions due to promising applications of aptamers in biomedical
and analytical fields, measurement of the aptamer–target binding
constant and binding site still remains challenging. Herein, we report
a sensitive label-free chemiluminescence (CL) strategy to determine
the target concentration and, more importantly, to measure the target–aptamer
binding constant and binding site. This approach is suitable for multiple
types of targets, including small molecules, peptides, and proteins
that can enhance the CL initiated by <i>N</i>-(aminoÂbutyl)-<i>N</i>-ethylisoÂluminol functionalized gold colloids, making
the present method a general platform to investigate aptamer–target
interactions. This approach can achieve extremely high sensitivity
with nanogram samples for measuring the target–aptamer binding
constant. And the measurement could be rapidly performed using a simple
and low-cost CL system. It provides an effective tool for studying
the binding of biologically important molecules to nucleic acids and
the selection of aptamers. Besides, we have also discovered that the
14-mer aptamer fragment itself split from the ATP-binding aptamer
could selectively capture ATP. The binding constant, site, and conformation
between ATP and the 14-mer aptamer fragment were obtained using such
a novel CL strategy and molecular dynamic simulation