Role Of Judiciary For Maintaining The Standards Of Public Order And Morality

In the constitution of India the state authorities have been allowed to exercise their right for maintaining public order and morality only in emergent situation and in a reasonable manner. For this Art 19(2) of the constitution guarantees fundamental rights to every citizens. Art 19(2) to 6 contain the nature of reasonable restrictions. The has to keep a vigil on the reasonability of restrictions imposed by the state in exercise of its power to maintain public order and morality. The criminal procedure code also contain certain provisions where the executive magistrate can take preventive actions in the event of likely hood of breach of peace under Sec 144,145 Cr.p.c. In maintaining law and order the state agencies has extra ordinary powers and if these powers are exercised unreasonably there is a great danger to freedom and liberties of citizen. The fundamental human rights are of highest value and should be exercised not to adversely effect to general public and social interest. There should be a balance to maintain between fundamental rights and interest of society on one hand and the rights and interests of individual on the other side. Care should be taken for exercising the public morality but no private morality can be imposed.&nbsp

Anti-Terrorism Legislations Under Indian Criminal Justice System – A Critical Study

Terrorism is described as the greatest crime against humanity which poses a great threat to enjoyment of human rights. This has posed a global challenge for both individuals as well as nations the measures to be adopted to combat such terrorism. The term terrorism comes from French word terrorism which is based on Latin verb 'Terror' Terrorism is defined in the U.S. by the code of federal Bureau of investigation as the "unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government the civilian population in furtherance of political or social objectives. In the words of R. Venkatraman the former president of India at the 21st annual conference of the Indian Society of International Law mentioned that the process is not "Just the maintenance of the powers of the state or 'order law order with law'

Pharmaceutical and Therapeutical Utility of Ikshu Varga Dravya: A Review

Aharavarga Dravya and Aushadhavarga Dravya have been explained in Ayurveda to get an approach towards nutritional and medicinal values. Ayurveda explains dietary regimen for maintaining health and treatment of diseases. Ikshu Varga has been explained under Ahara Varga by the Brihatrayees which has got a very specific role in therapeutics and pharmaceutics as well. Ikshu is having properties Guru, Madhura Rasa, Brimhana and Vrushya. This establishes a strong base for Ikshu Vikaras being utilised in different formulations in different forms like as an ingredient, Anupana, binding agent. In daily routine these could be included under diet regimen because of their nutritional values and even they could prove to be beneficial in cases of malnutrition

Electric Car: A Research Impact BY Means OF Scientometric Analysis

The day-to-day increasing costs of petrol and diesel and to control the air pollution makes an impact to do a scientometric analysis on the research ouput on “Electric Car”. Therefore, the research publications indexed in Web of Science for 28 years have been downloaded from 1991 to 2018 for the analysis. The research reveals that a total of 2424 publications is published during the above-mentioned year. The regression test proves that the deviation among the data is low and has possibility to calculate the doubling time on the basis the last 14 years. The doubling time proves that the growth of publications increased from year after year. Journal articles played a dominant role among other type of publications. The language “English” played prominent role than the other language publications on “Electric Car”. Tang T.Q. published 15 publications and ranked first among the other authors. The Lotka’s Law does not fit the author productivity of the publications published on “Electric Car”. Eventhough, the research publications are increasing from year after year, the number of publications published in the past is not up to remarkable. At the same time, only a very few countries have been implemented the “Electric Car” throughout the world. It is therefore, suggested that the funding agencies, sponsoring bodies and global research and development ministries to encourage the researchers to do many more research on “Electric Car”, to enhance the control of air pollution by means of reducing the consumption of Petrol and Diesel, which will also support the cost control for better economy of the global countries

Role of Meda (Adipocyte) in Yakrit Vikara (liver diseases) - Ayurveda prospective

Meda Dhatu (Adipose tissue) was considered as inert tissue that stores fat only but now it is an endocrine gland which controls coagulation, appetite regulation, immunity, glucose and lipid metabolism, reproduction, angiogenesis, fibrinolysis, body weight homeostasis and vascular tone control. Meda is the fourth Dhatu (stable constituent of body) as per Ayurveda doctrine and resemble with the adipose tissue. Meda can create not only Sthyaulya (Obesity) in general but also organ specific disorders like - Medaja Granthi , Medaja Masurika, Medaja Galaganda, Medaja Vridhi etc. Yakritmeda is found in Sanskrit literature. But Medaja Yakritdalludara or Yakrit Vikar is not enumerated in classical Ayurveda literature. Strong evidences suggested that accumulation of lipids in non-adipose tissues can contribute to cellular dysfunction and cell death, a phenomenon that is called lipotoxicity. Various components of Meda and its function found in Ayurveda literature are discussed. Multiple factors hit hypothesis for Samprapti (pathogenesis) of Medaja Yakrut Vikara (Fatty liver disorders) and its progression with preventive and curative strategies are described with scientific evidences

De novo identification of viral pathogens from cell culture hologenomes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Fast, specific identification and surveillance of pathogens is the cornerstone of any outbreak response system, especially in the case of emerging infectious diseases and viral epidemics. This process is generally tedious and time-consuming thus making it ineffective in traditional settings. The added complexity in these situations is the non-availability of pure isolates of pathogens as they are present as mixed genomes or hologenomes. Next-generation sequencing approaches offer an attractive solution in this scenario as it provides adequate depth of sequencing at fast and affordable costs, apart from making it possible to decipher complex interactions between genomes at a scale that was not possible before. The widespread application of next-generation sequencing in this field has been limited by the non-availability of an efficient computational pipeline to systematically analyze data to delineate pathogen genomes from mixed population of genomes or hologenomes.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>We applied next-generation sequencing on a sample containing mixed population of genomes from an epidemic with appropriate processing and enrichment. The data was analyzed using an extensive computational pipeline involving mapping to reference genome sets and <it>de-novo </it>assembly. In depth analysis of the data generated revealed the presence of sequences corresponding to <it>Japanese encephalitis </it>virus. The genome of the virus was also independently <it>de-novo </it>assembled. The presence of the virus was in addition, verified using standard molecular biology techniques.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our approach can accurately identify causative pathogens from cell culture hologenome samples containing mixed population of genomes and in principle can be applied to patient hologenome samples without any background information. This methodology could be widely applied to identify and isolate pathogen genomes and understand their genomic variability during outbreaks.</p

The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems

We review the formation and evolution of compact binary stars consisting of white dwarfs (WDs), neutron stars (NSs), and black holes (BHs). Binary NSs and BHs are thought to be the primary astrophysical sources of gravitational waves (GWs) within the frequency band of ground-based detectors, while compact binaries of WDs are important sources of GWs at lower frequencies to be covered by space interferometers (LISA). Major uncertainties in the current understanding of properties of NSs and BHs most relevant to the GW studies are discussed, including the treatment of the natal kicks which compact stellar remnants acquire during the core collapse of massive stars and the common envelope phase of binary evolution. We discuss the coalescence rates of binary NSs and BHs and prospects for their detections, the formation and evolution of binary WDs and their observational manifestations. Special attention is given to AM CVn-stars -- compact binaries in which the Roche lobe is filled by another WD or a low-mass partially degenerate helium-star, as these stars are thought to be the best LISA verification binary GW sources.Comment: 105 pages, 18 figure

Japanese Encephalitis—A Pathological and Clinical Perspective

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading form of viral encephalitis in Asia. It is caused by the JE virus (JEV), which belongs to the family Flaviviridae. JEV is endemic to many parts of Asia, where periodic outbreaks take hundreds of lives. Despite the catastrophes it causes, JE has remained a tropical disease uncommon in the West. With rapid globalization and climatic shift, JEV has started to emerge in areas where the threat was previously unknown. Scientific evidence predicts that JEV will soon become a global pathogen and cause of worldwide pandemics. Although some research documents JEV pathogenesis and drug discovery, worldwide awareness of the need for extensive research to deal with JE is still lacking. This review focuses on the exigency of developing a worldwide effort to acknowledge the prime importance of performing an extensive study of this thus far neglected tropical viral disease. This review also outlines the pathogenesis, the scientific efforts channeled into develop a therapy, and the outlook for a possible future breakthrough addressing this killer disease