Supplementary material from "Habitat heterogeneity mediates effects of individual variation on spatial species coexistence"

Supplementary Information includes Appendix A - Landscape generation, Appendix B - Coexistence mechanism and Appendix C - Figures

Additional file 1 of A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of high-intensity statin on coronary microvascular dysfunction

Additional file 1: Table S1. PRSIMA 2020 Checklis

Structure Identification of Two-Dimensional Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals with Atomic Flat Basal Planes

Discrete nature of thickness and flat basal planes of two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures display unique diffraction features. Their origin was uncovered by a new analysis method of powder X-ray diffraction, which reveals thickness and lattice orientation of the 2D nanostructures. Results indicate necessity of adoption of a different unit cell from the corresponding bulk crystal with the same internal atomic packing. For CdSe 2D nanostructures with zinc blende atomic packing, pseudotetragonal lattices are adequate, instead of face-centered cubic

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Microgel Films with High Loading Capacity: Reversible Loading and Release of Dyes and Nanoparticles

Multilayer films containing microgels of chemically cross-linked poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and dextran (named PAH-D) were fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition of PAH-D and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS). The successful fabrication of PAH-D/PSS multilayer films was verified by quartz crystal microbalance measurements and cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy. The as-prepared PAH-D/PSS multilayer films can reversibly load and release negatively charged dyes such as methyl orange (MO) and fluorescein sodium and mercaptoacetic acid-stabilized CdTe nanoparticles. The loading capacity of the film for MO can be as large as ∼3.0 μg/cm2 per bilayer, which corresponds to a MO density of 0.75 g/cm3 in the film. The high loading capacity of the PAH-D/PSS films originates from the cross-linked film structure with sufficient binding groups of protonated amine groups, as well as their high swelling capability by solvent. The loaded material can be released slowly when immersing the films in 0.9% normal saline. Meanwhile, the PAH-D/PSS multilayer films could deposit directly on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic substrates such as quartz, polytetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and polypropylene. The microgel films of PAH-D/PSS are expected to be widely useful as matrixes for loading functional guest materials and even for controlled release

Robust and Flexible Free-Standing Films for Unidirectional Drug Delivery

Robust and flexible free-standing polymer films for unidirectional drug delivery are fabricated by sandwiching drug-containing polyelectrolyte multilayer films between poly­(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) barrier and capping layers. The drug-containing films are fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of chemically cross-linked poly­(allylamine hydrochloride)–dextran (PAH-D) microgel and hyaluronic acid (HA), which can load negatively charged cancer-inhibiting drug, methotrexate (MTX). Because the PLGA barrier layer effectively blocks MTX release, MTX can be predominantly released from the PLGA capping layer of the free-standing film. This increases the efficacy of released MTX to cancer cells while minimizing its side effects on the normal tissues. We believe that the unidirectional drug delivery free-standing films can open a new avenue to design of highly efficient drug delivery systems for biomedical application

Robust and Flexible Free-Standing Films for Unidirectional Drug Delivery

Robust and flexible free-standing polymer films for unidirectional drug delivery are fabricated by sandwiching drug-containing polyelectrolyte multilayer films between poly­(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) barrier and capping layers. The drug-containing films are fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of chemically cross-linked poly­(allylamine hydrochloride)–dextran (PAH-D) microgel and hyaluronic acid (HA), which can load negatively charged cancer-inhibiting drug, methotrexate (MTX). Because the PLGA barrier layer effectively blocks MTX release, MTX can be predominantly released from the PLGA capping layer of the free-standing film. This increases the efficacy of released MTX to cancer cells while minimizing its side effects on the normal tissues. We believe that the unidirectional drug delivery free-standing films can open a new avenue to design of highly efficient drug delivery systems for biomedical application

Data_Sheet_1_microRNAs profiling of small extracellular vesicles from midbrain tissue of Parkinson’s disease.DOCX

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are generated by all types of cells during physiological or pathological conditions. There is growing interest in tissue-derived small extracellular vesicles (tdsEVs) because they can be isolated from a single tissue source. Knowing the representation profile of microRNA (miRNA) in midbrain tissue–derived sEVs (bdsEVs) and their roles is imperative for understanding the pathological mechanism and improving the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). bdsEVs from a rat model of PD and a sham group were separated and purified using ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and ultrafiltration. Then, miRNA profiling of bdsEVs in both groups was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The expression levels of 180 miRNAs exhibited significant differences between the two groups, including 114 upregulated and 66 downregulated genes in bdsEVs of PD rats compared with the sham group (p < 0.05). Targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by miRanda and RNAhybrid, and their involvement in the signaling pathways and cellular function has been analyzed through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO). Furthermore, we explored the expression levels of miR-103-3p, miR-107-3p, miR-219a-2-3p, and miR-379-5p in bdsEVs, sEVs derived from plasma, and plasma of both groups of rats. Interestingly, the expression levels of miR-103-3p, miR-107-3p, miR-219a-2-3p, and miR-379-5p were elevated in bdsEVs and sEVs from plasma; in contrast, their expression levels were decreased in plasma of the rat model of PD. In summary, miRNAs may play a significant role in the onset and development of PD, and miRNAs need to be selected carefully as a research subject for exploring the pathological mechanism and the potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers of PD.</p

sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_10732748211066309 – Supplemental Material for Effect of Marital Status on the Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Study

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_10732748211066309 for Effect of Marital Status on the Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Study by Sihan Wang, Liubo Chen, Dongdong Chen, Jian Chao, Yangliu Shao, Kejun Tang and Wenteng Chen in Cancer Control</p

sj-pdf-2-ccx-10.1177_10732748211066309 – Supplemental Material for Effect of Marital Status on the Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Study

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-ccx-10.1177_10732748211066309 for Effect of Marital Status on the Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Study by Sihan Wang, Liubo Chen, Dongdong Chen, Jian Chao, Yangliu Shao, Kejun Tang and Wenteng Chen in Cancer Control</p

Role of plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs in stress responses

Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs), which are also named nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs), are the homologs of mammalian phagocyte gp91phox. As a unique among other reactive oxygen species (ROS) production mechanisms in plants, NADPH oxidases can integrate different signal transduction pathways, such as calcium, protein phosphorylation catalysed by protein kinases, nitric oxide, and lipid messengers. Coupling with genetic studies, the ability of plant NADPH oxidases to integrate different signal transduction pathways with ROS production demonstrates their involvement in many important biological processes in cells, such as morphogenesis and development, and stress responses. Here, we focus on several current studies concerning the role of plant NADPH oxidases in stress responses.</p