DataSheet1_Associations of serum cystatin C concentrations with total mortality and mortality of 12 site-specific cancers.docx

Purpose:Cystatin C (CysC), beyond its biomarker role of renal function, has been implicated in various physical and pathological activities. However, the impact of serum CysC on cancer mortality in a general population remains unknown. We aimed to examine the associations of serum CysC concentrations with total mortality and mortality of 12 site-specific cancers.Methods:We included 241,008 participants of the UK Biobank cohort with CysC measurements who had normal creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rates and were free of cancer and renal diseases at baseline (2006–2010). Death information was obtained from the National Health Service death records through 28 February 2021. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute hazard ratios (HR) per one standard deviation increase in log-transformed CysC concentrations and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for mortality.Results:Over a median follow-up of 12.1 (interquartile range, 11.3–12.8) years, 5,744 cancer deaths occurred. We observed a positive association between serum CysC concentrations and total cancer mortality (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.12–1.20). Specifically, participants with higher serum CysC concentrations had increased mortality due to lung cancer (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.20), blood cancer (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16–1.44), brain cancer (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.04–1.36), esophageal cancer (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05–1.37), breast cancer (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36), and liver cancer (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.31–1.69).Conclusion:Our findings indicate that higher CysC concentrations are associated with increased mortality due to lung, blood, brain, esophageal, breast, and liver cancers. Future studies are necessary to clarify underlying mechanisms.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Independent prognostic role of human papillomavirus genotype in cervical cancer

Multiple HPV infections in cervical cancer patients. This table is the supporting information for line 169–171. Table S2. Survival analysis of the alpha-9 types in cervical cancer patients. This table is the supporting information for line 193–196. Table S3. Stratified analysis of HPV genotype and cervical cancer survival. This table is the supporting information for line 198–203. (DOCX 40 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Human papillomavirus in semen and the risk for male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The full search strategy used for searching PubMed. This figure should be placed after the line 120. (PDF 118 kb

Pathological examination.

BackgroundScreening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) burden by allowing early resection of precancerous and cancerous lesions. An adequate selection of high-risk individuals and a high uptake rate for colonoscopy screening are critical to identifying people more likely to benefit from screening and allocating healthcare resources properly. We evaluated whether combining a questionnaire-based interview for risk factors with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outcomes for high-risk assessment is more efficient and economical than a questionnaire-based interview-only strategy.Methods and findingsIn this multicenter, population-based, prospective cohort study, we enrolled community residents aged 40 to 74 years in 29 provinces across China. From 2016 to 2020, a total of 1,526,824 eligible participants were consecutively enrolled in the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) cohort, and 940,605 were enrolled in the Whole Life Cycle of Cancer Screening Program (WHOLE) cohort, with follow-up to December 31, 2022. The mean ages were 56.89 and 58.61 years in CanSPUC and WHOLE, respectively. In the WHOLE cohort, high-risk individuals were identified by combining questionnaire-based interviews to collect data on risk factors (demographics, diet history, family history of CRC, etc.) with FIT outcomes (RF–FIT strategy), whereas in the CanSPUC cohort, high-risk individuals were identified using only interview-based data on risk factors (RF strategy). The primary outcomes were participation rate and yield (detection rate of advanced neoplasm, early-stage detection rate of CRCs [stage I/II], screening yield per 10,000 invitees), which were reported for the entire population and for different gender and age groups. The secondary outcome was the cost per case detected.In total, 71,967 (7.65%) and 281,985 (18.47%) individuals were identified as high-risk and were invited to undergo colonoscopy in the RF–FIT group and RF group, respectively. The colonoscopy participation rate in the RF–FIT group was 26.50% (19,071 of 71,967) and in the RF group was 19.54% (55,106 of 281,985; chi-squared test, p p p = 0.016). The cost per CRC detected was $24,849 by the RF–FIT strategy versus$55,846 by the RF strategy. A limitation of the study was lack of balance between groups with regard to family history of CRC (3.5% versus 0.7%).ConclusionsColonoscopy participation and screening yield were better with the RF–FIT strategy. The association with CRC incidence and mortality reduction should be evaluated after long-term follow-up.</div

Cost analysis from a government perspective in risk factor (RF) and RF–fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.

Cost analysis from a government perspective in risk factor (RF) and RF–fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.</p

The risk factor and its risk score in WHOLE (RF–FIT strategy).

The risk factor and its risk score in WHOLE (RF–FIT strategy).</p

Screening yield of colonoscopy screening in risk factor (RF) and RF–fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.

Screening yield of colonoscopy screening in risk factor (RF) and RF–fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.</p

The percentage of early-stage colorectal cancer detection in risk factor (RF) and RF-fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.

The percentage of early-stage colorectal cancer detection in risk factor (RF) and RF-fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.</p

Study diagram and flow chart.

(A) Diagram of study design. (B) Study flow chart. CRC, colorectal cancer; RF, risk factor; FIT, fecal immunochemical testing.</p

Advanced neoplasms detection rates in risk factor (RF) and RF-fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.

Advanced neoplasms detection rates in risk factor (RF) and RF-fecal immunochemical test (FIT) strategies.</p