318 research outputs found
A theory of Careers in Hierarchical Internal Labor Markets
The paper develops a model that explains a broad pattern of evidence on careers in multilevel organizations. It shows how job mobility inside firms depends on changes in the size of the organization. Promotion rates rise (fall) during a corporate expansion (contraction). Economic conditions therefore affect individual career mobility and earnings profiles. The model analyzes how the interaction between human capital accumulation and learning impacts on the assignment of workers to jobs at different levels of authority in the corporate hierarchy. The model makes predictions about the timing of the provision of formal training.career mobility, learning, sorting job assignment
Social pressure influences decisions of individuals: evidence from the behavior of football referees
Analyzing the neutrality of referees during twelve German premier league (1st Bundesliga) football seasons, this paper documents evidence that social forces influence agents' preferences and decisions. Those, who are appointed to be impartial, tend to favor the home team as they systematically award more injury time in close matches when the home team is behind. Referees also tend to favor the home team in decisions to award goals and penalty kicks. The composition of the crowd affects the size and the direction of the bias. The intensity of social pressure as measured by the crowd's proximity to the field determines how strongly referees' decisions are influenced. Not all agents are, however, affected to the same degree by social pressure
Performance, seniority and wages : formal salary systems and individual earnings profiles
This paper replicates studies by Medoff and Abraham (1980, 1981) and Flabbi and Ichino (2001) using personnel data from the Dutch national aircraft manufacturer Fokker. It shows how a formal salary system, as is widely used by large firms, brings about that seniority-wage profiles are largely independent of controls for reported performance in cross-sectional wage regressions even though supervisors' evaluations shape life-cycle earnings profiles. Performance ratings determine how fast a worker climbs the firm's career and wage ladder. The paper also reveals that real wage growth depends on the employer's prosperity. Furthermore it demonstrates that formal salary systems cause serial correlation in wage growth and 'Green Card' effects
Monkey bars and ladders: The importance of lateral and vertical job mobility in internal labor market careers.
Worker Separations in a Nonstationary Corporate Environment
This paper investigates differences in worker turnover characteristics between periods of
workforce expansion and contraction in a firm. We derive a Cox proportional hazard model from
a simple model of job separation based on the expected surpluses from the firm and its workers.
We account for non-stationarity in the baseline hazard reversing the role of calendar time and
employment duration (Imbens (1994)), and estimate the model using personnel data from a
large Dutch aircraft manufacturer over a period from January 1987 until March 14th, 1996, one
day before its bankruptcy. Performance evaluations, blue versus white collar employment, and
career paths within the firm are found to play an important role explaining differences in turnover
behavior. A generally important result is that smooth functional forms of the age effect on worker
mobility can produce misleading results, blurring a better understanding of the design of early
retirement schemes for corporate reorganizations
Housing, Mobility and Unemployment
This paper develops a model that shows why high-skilled workers move more and are therefore
unemployed less than low-skilled workers. The model can explain the paradoxical empirical
regularity that higher owner-occupation rates are associated with higher levels of unemployment
although home-owners tend to be unemployed less. The choice of housing tenure affects
moving costs and thereby regional mobility and unemployment. The paper analyzes the impact
of symmetric and asymmetric shocks on mobility and unemployment, and discusses effects of
government intervention in the housing market. In addition, it is shown that moving costs reduce
job search effort and search effectiveness
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