SNR of human sub-cutaneous fat tissue, bone marrow, joint fluid, cartilage and leg muscle in standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP images at 3T.

<p>The values were measured when the frequency excitation was shifted by 107Hz (corresponding to (3/4TR) with TR = 7ms) or not (OR) and for SOS2 or SOS4 reconstruction. The WS-bSSFP sequence was also combined with parallel imaging (SENSE 2 or 4) to reduce acquisition time. Acquisition time is shown in brackets under the sequence name.</p><p>* represents p<0.01 compared to fat and bone marrow SNR on standard images.</p><p>° represents p<0.05 compared to SNR on WS-SOS4 images.</p><p>^# represents p<0.05 compared to SNR on WS-SOS2 images.</p><p>^† represents p<0.05 compared to SNR on WS-SOS4 SENSE2 images.</p><p>SNR of human sub-cutaneous fat tissue, bone marrow, joint fluid, cartilage and leg muscle in standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP images at 3T.</p

Excitation profile of the WS pulses combined with the frequency-shift method.

<p>Proton spectrums measured at 7T (water linewidth = 180Hz) or 3T (water linewidth = 40Hz). The frequency profiles of 1-2-3-2-1 or 1-3-3-1 binomial pulses are overlaid to show the selectivity of the frequency excitations. In these cases, the binomial pulses were centered on the water frequency (grey lines). The binomial profiles applied when their excitations are shifted by (3/4TR) are also overlaid (dotted lines) to demonstrate that the selectivity of excitation is preserved.</p

Small-animal applications of the 3D WS-bSSFP sequence at 7T.

<p>Coronal mouse whole-body images using standard bSSFP (B) and WS-bSSFP (A) sequences. Sagittal standard bSSFP (D,F) and WS-bSSFP (C,E) images showing the inguinal lymph node (C,D) and its corresponding lymphatic vessel (arrow) and a primary tumor (E,F) developing into the renal cortex (arrowhead).</p

3D coronal images of mouse abdomen acquired at 7T using standard bSSFP or WS-bSSFP sequences.

<p>The images shown were either acquired On Resonance (OR), OR + (3/4TR) apart from the resonance (for TR = 4.5ms, the shift equals 166.7Hz), or summed using the SOS technique (SOS4). Arrows point at banding artifacts. Arrowheads indicate the inguinal lymph node location.</p

3D human knee images acquired at 3T using standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP sequences in combination with parallel imaging.

<p>The sagittal and axial images shown were either acquired On Resonance (OR + 0Hz), OR + (3/4TR) apart from the resonance (for TR = 7ms, the shift equals 107Hz), or summed using SOS technique (SOS2 or SOS4) and in combination with parallel imaging (SENSE 4). Arrows point at banding artifacts altering cartilage measurements. The arrowhead indicates a banding artifact in the muscle at the edge of the FOV.</p

Parameters of the different sequences used for the several small-animal applications at 7T.

<p>All the images were reconstructed from the SOS of 4 frequency offset images.</p

Parameters of the different sequences used for the several human applications at 3T.

<p>For knee imaging, the 3D WS-bSSFP sequence was acquired either with SENSE factor 2 in combination with 4 frequency offsets or with a SENSE factor of 4 in combination with 2 frequency offsets. For the other applications, SOS 4 was used.</p><p>Parameters of the different sequences used for the several human applications at 3T.</p

SNR of mouse sub-cutaneous fat tissue, kidney and limb muscle in standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP images at 7T.

<p>The values obtained when the frequency excitation was shifted by 166.7Hz (corresponding to 3/4TR shift with TR = 4.5ms) or not (OR) and for SOS4 reconstruction are shown.</p><p>* represents p<0.01 compared to fat SNR on standard images.</p><p>SNR of mouse sub-cutaneous fat tissue, kidney and limb muscle in standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP images at 7T.</p

Human applications of WS-bSSFP sequences at 3T.

<p>3D human ankle images, brain and legs of healthy volunteers using standard bSSFP and WS-bSSFP sequences with a SENSE factor of 2. The arrow in the leg WS-bSSFP image indicates remaining fat signal at the edge of the FOV, whereas the ones on the head bSSFP images point at subcutaneous fat and a banding artifact is shown by the arrowhead. Scale bar represents 10cm.</p

Figure 3: Left Ventricular Remodeling

(Upper panel) Left ventricular (LV) weight, collagen density, infarct size, and tissue perfusion in the ‘viable’ part of the LV determined 90 days after sham surgery in untreated Wistar (white bars; n = 14) and 90 days after 45-min transient ischemia in placebo-treated I/R Wistar (black bars; n = 16), early long-term (up-hatched bars; n = 14) or delayed long-term gevokizumab-treated I/R Wistar (down-hatched bars; n = 15). (Lower panel) LV weight, collagen density, infarct size, and tissue perfusion in the ‘viable’ part of the LV determined 90 days after sham surgery in untreated Goto-Kakisaki (white bars; n = 10) and 90 days after 20-min transient ischemia in placebo-treated I/R Goto-Kakisaki (black bars; n = 15), early long-term (up-hatched bars; n = 15) or delayed long-term gevokizumab-treated I/R Goto-Kakisaki (down-hatched bars; n = 15). *p < 0.05 versus untreated sham. †p < 0.05 versus untreated I/R