Monocyte to lymphocyte blood ratio in tuberculosis and HIV patients: Comparative analysis, preliminary data

Recent data confirmed the hypothesis suggested by historical studies that the ratio of peripheral blood monocytes to lymphocytes (M/L) is associated with the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. We retrospectively analyzed the electronic health records of tuberculosis and HIV-positive patients who had followed day-care programs at the AIDS Center of the University of Palermo, Italy. 261 patients were recruited and divided into 6 groups as follows: healthy control group (HCG: 47 pts), latent HIV negative infected TB group (LIG, 43 pts), active HIV negative tuberculosis (TAG: 61 pts), treated tuberculosis HIV negative (TTG: 44 pts), HIV drug-naive patients tested TST and QFT-IT-negative with negative chest x-Ray (HIVnG: 44 pts), and HIV-tuberculosis coinfection (HIVTB-G: 22 pts). For each group, absolute lymphocyte (L), monocyte (M) and M/L ratio by peripheral blood was calculated. The mean value of monocytes in the TAG group was significant, the highest (0.70\uc2\ub10.37 1x103/\uce\ubcl) in comparison to HGC (0.70>0.44, p-value <0.05), HIVnG (0.70>0.40, p-value <0.05) and HIVTB-G (0.70>0.45, p-value<0.05). Monocyte to lymphocyte blood RATIO showed a significant difference between groups (p-value <0.001). In particular, the mean score of M/L ratio was higher in the TAG group compared to the HGC (0.49>0.27, p-value<0.05), LIG (0.49>0.29, p-value<0.05), TTG (0.49>0.32) and HIVTB-G groups (0.49>0.27, p-value<0.05). Our data confirm a significant difference in monocyte to lymphocyte blood ratio in tuberculosis disease. These data may be useful for monitoring and revising implementation plans for the different phases of tuberculosis disease (latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection versus TB active disease). Regarding HIV samples, the small sample size is somewhat offset by the need, fully satisfied in our sample, to enlist specific patients such as co-infected HIV/TBC who voluntarily submit to clinical trials in our geographical area

Ageing test of the ATLAS RPCs at X5-GIF

An ageing test of three ATLAS production RPC stations is in course at X5-GIF, the CERN irradiation facility. The chamber efficiencies are monitored using cosmic rays triggered by a scintillator hodoscope. Higher statistics measurements are made when the X5 muon beam is available. We report here the measurements of the efficiency versus operating voltage at different source intensities, up to a maximum counting rate of about 700Hz/cm^2. We describe the performance of the chambers during the test up to an overall ageing of 4 ATLAS equivalent years corresponding to an integrated charge of 0.12C/cm^2, including a safety factor of 5.Comment: 4 pages. Presented at the VII Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors; Clermont-Ferrand October 20th-22nd, 200

Preface

Not abstract availabl

Kidney transplantation and withdrawal rates among wait-listed first-generation immigrants in Italy

Background: Multiple barriers diminish access to kidney transplantation (KT) in immigrant compared to non-immigrant populations. It is unknown whether immigration status reduces the likelihood of KT after wait-listing despite universal healthcare coverage with uniform access to transplantation. Methods: We retrospectively collected data of all adult waiting list (WL) registrants in Italy (2010-20) followed for 5 years until death, KT in a foreign center, deceased-donor kidney transplant (DDKT), living-donor kidney transplant (LDKT) or permanent withdrawal from the WL. We calculated adjusted relative probability of DDKT, LDKT and permanent WL withdrawal in different immigrant categories using competing-risks multiple regression models. Results: Patients were European Union (EU)-born (n = 21 624), Eastern European-born (n = 606) and non-European-born (n = 1944). After controlling for age, sex, blood type, dialysis vintage, case-mix and sensitization status, non-European-born patients had lower LDKT rates compared to other immigrant categories: LDKT adjusted relative probability of non-European-born vs. Eastern European-born 0.51 (95% CI: 0.33-0.79; P = 0.002); of non-European-born vs. EU-Born: 0.65 (95% CI: 0.47-0.82; P = 0.001). Immigration status did not affect the rate of DDKT or permanent WL withdrawal. Conclusions: Among EU WL registrants, non-European immigration background is associated with reduced likelihood of LDKT but similar likelihood of DDKT and permanent WL withdrawal. Wherever not available, new national policies should enable coverage of travel and medical fees for living-donor surgery and follow-up for non-resident donors to improve uptake of LDKT in immigrant patients, and provide KT education that is culturally competent, individually tailored and easily understandable for patients and their potential living donors