A Diabetes-Specific Questionnaires Validated in Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Diabetes is a global problem that is increasingly higher from year to year.  Diabetes-specific instruments so far can be well received by patients to evaluate specific aspects of their diabetic disease. This instrument is believed to be one of the best methods to evaluate certain characteristics in diabetic diseases. The purpose of the research is to identify and compare all validated diabetes-specific questionnaires. Researchers performed searches on three different electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The study was selected covering cross-cultural adaptation and validation methodologies in Indonesia with type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients of all ages. After reviewing the full-text article, data related to psychometric characteristics are extracted from each selected study. Reliability is rated with Cronbach's (Cα).  The initial search identified 1,576 studies. After the exception, 45 studies were put in for review. The questionnaires were grouped into 12 domains based on the focus of the study: adherence (n = 15), quality of life (n = 9), diabetes knowledge (n = 6), self-efficacy (n = 9), Attitude to diabetes (n = 2), emotional stress (n = 8), expectations (n = 1), perception of disease severity (n = 1), risk of developing diabetes (n = 1), family support (n = 3), diet (n = 1) and religiosity (n = 1)This study identifies and reviews all diabetes-specific questionnaires that have been validated for Indonesians to facilitate researchers to select the most appropriate instrument for each domain of interest in future research and clinical settings

Anxiety in patients treated with hemodialysis

Patients with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis often experience anxiety due to various individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with anxiety in these patients. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional study. The risk factors for anxiety investigated in this study were education, duration of hemodialysis, knowledge, and family support. The study included 50 patients with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (total sampling). Data were collected directly by distributing questionnaires to the patients. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis (α=0.05). The results showed that education level was not significantly associated with anxiety in these patients (p= 0.816). However, the duration of hemodialysis (p= 0.023) and patient knowledge (p= 0.048) were significantly associated with the anxiety experienced by the patients. Family support was a protective factor against anxiety in these patients (P = 1.00). The dominant variable affecting patient anxiety is the duration of hemodialysis (p=0.041; PR = 4.1; 95%CI 1.061-16.107). This means that patients undergoing hemodialysis for more than 6 months are 4.1 times more likely to experience moderate anxiety compared to patients who have been undergoing hemodialysis for 6 months or less

Edukasi pemberian makanan tambahan pada balita sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting di UPTD PUSKESMAS Martimbang Pematangsiantar [Education on providing supplementary food to toddlers as an effort to prevent stunting at the Martimbang Pematangsiantar Community Health Center]

Abstract. Stunting is a disorder of growth and development in children due to chronic malnutrition and repeated infections, which is characterized by their length or height being below the established standard. The toddler group needs attention because they are a group that is vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition is still a major problem in infants and children under five years of age (toddlers) globally. In 2025, the world of nutrition is expected to face a number of new complex issues. Not only challenges in terms of nutritional problems, such as multiple malnutrition, obesity, and stunting, but also changes in education models and nutritional intervention approaches. The incidence of stunting in North Sumatra Province in 2023 reached 19,298 people with details of toddlers with stunting as many as 18.9%, malnutrition 7.9%, undernutrition 13.2% and overnutrition 3.5%. The incidence of stunting in Pematang Siantar City was 303 people, with the number of toddlers with stunting as many as 7.7%, malnutrition 4.2%, undernutrition 7.2% and overnutrition 4.2%. The implementation of community service carried out in the form of providing education on providing additional food for toddlers. The target of this activity was mothers with toddlers in the working area of the UPTD Martimbang Pematangsiantar Health Center as many as 12 people. The results of community service obtained that before education, the majority of the knowledge of the education participants was sufficient as many as 7 people (58.3%) and after receiving education, the majority of knowledge became good as many as 10 people (83.3%). Community service activities received a good and positive response from the participants and there was an increase in the knowledge of mothers who have children and children will be healthy according to their growth and development. Abstrak. Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak akibat kekurangan gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang, yang ditandai dengan panjang atau tinggi badannya berada dibawah standar yang ditetapkan. Kelompok balita perlu mendapat perhatian karena merupakan kelompok yang rawan terhadap kekurangan gizi. Malnutrisi masih menjadi permasalahan utama pada bayi dan anak di bawah lima tahun (balita) secara global. Pada tahun 2025, dunia gizi diperkirakan akan menghadapi sejumlah isu baru yang kompleks. Tidak hanya tantangan dari sisi masalah gizi, seperti malnutrisi ganda, obesitas, dan stunting, tetapi juga perubahan dalam model pendidikan dan pendekatan intervensi gizi.  Angka kejadian stunting di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2023 mencapai 19.298 orang dengan rincian balita dengan stunting sebanyak 18,9%, gizi buruk 7,9%, gizi kurang 13,2% dan gizi lebih 3,5%. Angka kejadian stunting di Kota Pematang Siantar sebanyak 303 orang, dengan jumlah balita stunting sebanyak 7,7%, gizi buruk 4,2%, gizi kurang 7,2% dan gizi lebih 4,2%. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan berupa pemberian edukasi pemberian makanan tambahan pada balita. Sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah ibu dengan balita di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martimbang Pematangsiantar sebanyak 12 orang. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat diperoleh bahwa sebelum edukasi mayoritas pengetahuan peserta edukasi adalah cukup sebanyak 7 orang (58,3%) dan setelah memperoleh edukasi mayoritas pengetahuan menjadi baik sebanyak 10 orang (83,3%). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat memperoleh respon yang baik dan positif dari peserta kegiatan dan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan  ibu yang memiliki anak serta anak akan menjadi sehat sesuai dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya

Edukasi manajemen diri penderita diabetes mellitus di Huta III Tanjung Pasir Kecamatan Tanah Jawa Kabupaten Simalungun

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit menahun akibat kadar gula darah yang tinggi. Diabetes Mellitus merupakan penyakit yang membutuhkan pengontrolan status metabolik untuk meminimalkan terjadinya komplikasi multi organ yang seiring waktu dapat menyebabkan kerusakan serius pada jantung, pembuluh darah, mata, ginjal, dan saraf. Jumlah kasus dan prevalensi diabetes terus meningkat selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Pada tahun 2021, lebih dari lebih dari setengah miliar manusia dari seluruh dunia hidup dengan diabetes, atau tepatnya 537 juta orang, dan jumlah ini diproyeksikan akan mencapai 643 juta pada tahun 2030, dan 783 juta pada tahun 2045. Indonesia menempati peringkat kelima dari negara-negara dengan jumlah penderita diabetes terbanyak di dunia. Pelaksanaan Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dalam bentuk edukasi atau pemberian informasi untuk memberikan pemahaman masyarakat tentang manajemen diri penderita diabetes melitus.  Subjek atau sasaran dalam kegiatan ini adalah masayarakat yang tinggal di Huta III Tanjung Pasir Kecamatan Tanah Jawa Kabupaten Simalungun. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat diketahui bahwa sebelum diberikan edukasi mayoritas pengetahuan responden adalah kurang sebanyak 17 orang (48,5%), pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 10 orang (28,6%), dan pengetahuan baik 8 orang (22,9%), sedangkan setelah pemberian edukasi mayoritas pengetahuan responden adalah baik sebanyak 29 orang (82,8%), pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 6 orang (17,2%) dan pengetahuan kurang 0 orang. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian edukasi manajemen prilaku penderita diabetes memberikan dampak yang positif bagi peserta dan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman peserta dari sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi.Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by high blood sugar levels. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that requires controlling metabolic status to minimize the occurrence of multi-organ complications which over time can cause serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. The number of cases and prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase over the last few decades. In 2021, more than half a billion people from all over the world live with diabetes, or to be precise 537 million people, and this number is projected to reach 643 million in 2030, and 783 million in 2045. Indonesia is ranked fifth among the countries in the world. The country with the highest number of diabetes sufferers in the world. Implementation of community service is carried out in the form of education or providing information to provide public understanding about self-management of diabetes mellitus sufferers. The subjects or targets in this activity are the people who live in Huta III Tanjung Pasir, Tanah Jawa District, Simalungun Regency. The results of community service showed that before being given education, the majority of respondents' knowledge was 17 people (48.5%) lacking, 10 people had sufficient knowledge (28.6%), and 8 people (22.9%) had good knowledge. The majority of respondents' education knowledge was good, 29 people (82.8%), 6 people had sufficient knowledge (17.2%) and 0 people had poor knowledge. The results of this activity show that providing education on behavior management for diabetes sufferers had a positive impact on participants and there was an increase in participants' understanding before and after providing education

Edukasi Pendampingan Minum Obat Pada Keluarga Dengan Penderita Tuberculosis Paru Di Kelurahan Bahkapul Kota Pematangsiantar (Educational Guidance In Taking Medicine For Families With Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients In Bahkapul Village, Pematangsiantar City)

Tuberkulosis (TBC) paru merupakan suatu infeksi penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri mycobacterium tuberculosis yang menyerang saluran napas utama dan bronkus. Tuberkulosis paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia, yang dapat mempengaruhi semua kelompok usia. Tuberculosis paru menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi kedua di dunia setelah COVID-19 pada tahun 2022 dan lebih dari 10 juta orang terjangkit penyakit tuberculosis paru setiap tahunnya. Negara Indonesia berada pada posisi kedua dengan jumlah beban kasus TBC terbanyak pada tahun 2023 dengan jumlah kasus diperkirakan sebanyak 1.060.000 kasus dan 134.000 kematian per tahun. Sementara itu, jumlah kasus penderita tuberculosis paru di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2022 sebanyak 19147 kasus. Sedangkan jumlah penderita tuberculosis paru di Kota Pematangsiantar pada tahun 2021 mencapai 440 orang dan mengalami peningkatan menjadi 636 orang pada tahun 2022. Penyakit tuberkulosis paru sangat mudah resisten terhadap obat, sehingga untuk mengobatinya membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Oleh sebab itu dalam proses pengobatan, peran keluarga sangat dibutuhkan sebagai unit terdekat pasien untuk melakukan pengawasan. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan berupa pemberian edukasi. Sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah keluarga dengan penderita tuberculosis paru yang tinggal di Kelurahan Bahkapul Kota Pematangsiantar sebanyak 28 orang. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat diperoleh bahwa sebelum edukasi mayoritas pengetahuan responden adalah cukup sebanyak 13 orang (46%) dan setelah mendapatkan edukasi tingkat pengetahuan responden meningkat menjadi baik sebanyak 23 orang (82%). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat memperoleh respon yang positif dari peserta dan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan ataupun pemahaman keluarga penderita tuberculosis paru setelah mendapatkan edukasi tentang pendampingan minum obat. Abstract. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that attacks the main respiratory tract and bronchi. Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a public health problem worldwide, which can affect all age groups. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the second highest cause of death in the world after COVID-19 in 2022 and more than 10 million people are infected with pulmonary tuberculosis each year. Indonesia is in second place with the largest number of TB cases in 2023 with an estimated number of cases of 1,060,000 cases and 134,000 deaths per year. Meanwhile, the number of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers in North Sumatra Province in 2022 was 19,147 cases. Meanwhile, the number of pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers in Pematangsiantar City in 2021 reached 440 people and increased to 636 people in 2022. Pulmonary tuberculosis is very resistant to drugs, so it takes a long time to treat it. Therefore, in the treatment process, the role of the family is very much needed as the patient's closest unit to carry out supervision. The implementation of community service is carried out in the form of providing education. The target of this activity is families with pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers who live in Bahkapul Village, Pematangsiantar City, totaling 28 people. The results of community service obtained that before education, the majority of respondents' knowledge was sufficient, totaling 13 people (46%) and after receiving education, the level of respondent knowledge increased to good, totaling 23 people (82%). Community service activities received a positive response from participants and there was an increase in knowledge or understanding of families with pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers after receiving education about medication assistance

Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Impact on Quality of Life and Instruments for Its Measurement

Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the complications of diabetes mellitus, which have a negative impact on quality of life due to the risk of infection and amputation. Pharmacists can measure quality of life to see the success of therapy and monitor the effectiveness of the drugs. One way to measure quality of life is to use instruments. There are general instruments and disease-specific instruments. This review explores various overarching theories about diabetic foot ulcers, their impact on quality of life, and their measurement instruments

Tingkat Kejadian Hipoglikemia pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Peserta JKN dan Non-JKN pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di Kalimantan Tengah

Community activity restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia impact the quantity and quality of health services for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This limitation could increase the risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients. The study aimed to compare the incidence rate of hypoglycemia between national (NHIP) and non-national health insurance participants (N-NHIP) with T2DM during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted at a government hospital in Central Borneo. Data was collected by consecutive sampling from September to November 2021. Sixty-two participants were divided into two groups (NHIP and N-NHIP groups). Each group consisted of 31 participants. They were interviewed regarding their experience with hypoglycemia in the last three months. The incidence rate of hypoglycemia in N-NHIP was higher than in NHIP (93.55% vs. 87.10%; p>0.05). Hypoglycemia is mostly presented in patients using a combination of short-acting and long-acting insulin. The incidence rate of hypoglycemia in T2DM during the COVID-19 pandemic in Central Borneo was relatively high. In future studies, it is necessary to analyse the factors that significantly affect the incidence of hypoglycemia in the population of T2DM patients in Indonesia.Penerapan program pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat selama pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia berdampak pada pelayanan kesehatan diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Hal ini meningkatkan risiko hipoglikemia pada pasien DMT2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat kejadian hipoglikemia pada pasien DMT2 peserta jaminan kesehatan nasional (JKN) dan non-JKN pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di RSUD X Kalimantan Tengah. Data dikumpulkan secara consecutive sampling dari Bulan September-November 2021. Enam puluh dua (62) peserta dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok JKN dan non-JKN dengan masing-masing 31 peserta. Pasien diwawancara terkait pengalaman hipoglikemia yang dialami dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Tingkat kejadian hipoglikemia pada kelompok non-JKN lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok JKN (93,55% vs 87,10%; p>0,05). Hipoglikemia paling banyak dialami oleh pasien DMT2 penggunaan kombinasi insulin kerja pendek dan insulin kerja panjang. Tingkat kejadian hipoglikemia pada pasien DMT2 Peserta JKN dan Non-JKN pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di RSUD X Kalimantan Tengah relatif tinggi. Pada penelitian selanjutnya, perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hipoglikemia pada DMT2

SCOPING REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION IN INDONESIA

Background: Hypertension is a global health problem that contributes significantly to deaths from cardiovascular disease. Unhealthy lifestyles, including excessive salt consumption, physical inactivity, and obesity, are the primary factors. Without management, hypertension can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Objective: This study aims to investigate, summarise, and identify various scientific evidence related to hypertension risk factors. Methods: This study employed a scoping review approach organised according to the PRISMA protocol. The Population–Concept–Context (PCC) framework was utilised as an initial guideline in formulating research questions and searching for relevant articles. The literature search process was conducted using several databases, including Google Scholar and Scopus. The included articles had to meet the inclusion criteria, which were limited to open-access journals published between 2020 and 2025. From a total of 512 articles found, only 14 met the selection criteria and were suitable for analysis. The data extraction process was conducted by eight people on the 14 selected articles, followed by qualitative data analysis. Results: The findings indicate that factors such as age, gender, length of employment, consumption of salt, sugary drinks, high-fat foods, elevated total cholesterol levels, low vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, stress, and abdominal circumference that exceeds the recommended play a role in increasing the risk of hypertension. Conclusion: These factors trigger fluid retention, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and central obesity that together raise blood pressure and accelerate vascular damage

Pengujian Awal Potensi Tanaman Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata) dalam Pemanfaatannya sebagai Fitoremediasi terhadap Tanah yang Tercemar Logam Cu

This study aims to determine the mother-in-law's tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata) has the potential to remediate Cu contained in the soil. The method used is an experimental method to test the absorption potential of mother-in-law's tongue plant on ground contaminated with Cu metal. The results showed that the samples from days 0, 3, 6, and 9 did not show any changes in the adsorbed metal. The four samples contained the same heavy metal copper (Cu) concentration, which was <0.50 ppm. In conclusion, the mother-in-law's tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata) is not very effective as phytoremediation of soil contaminated with Cu metal but can still be used as phytoremediation. Keywords: Phytoremediation, Sansevieria trifasciata, Copper (Cu

PENGARUH KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI BPJS DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT TINGKAT II KARTIKA HUSADA PONTIANAK PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT TAHUN 2018

Jaminan kesehatan adalah jaminan berupa perlindungan kesehatan agar peserta memperoleh manfaat pemeliharaan kesehatan dan perlindungan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar kesehatan. Data pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Kartika Husada Pontianak Periode Tahun 2015-2017, masih belum mencapai target 80%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan pasien terhadap kualitas pelayanan administrasi BPJS di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Kartika Husada Pontianak Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian menggunakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien BPJS yang datang berobat ke Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Kartika Husada Pontianak berjumlah rata-rata 3.657 orang per bulan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sistem accidental sampling sebanyak 97 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian dengan analisis bivariat diketahui nilai p-value untuk reliability (p=0,000), assurance (p=0,000), tangible (p=0,000), empaty (p=0,000) dan responsiveness (p=0,015). Hasil uji regresi logistik diketahui variabel responsiveness memiliki nilai Exp (B) terbesar (0,251). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh reliability, tangible, empaty dan responsiveness dengan kualitas pelayanan administrasi BPJS di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Kartika Husada Pontianak Tahun 2018 dan variabel yang paling signifikan memengaruhi kualitas pelayanan administrasi BPJS adalah variabel responsiveness.&nbsp