MOESM4 of Comparison of four glycosyl residue composition methods for effectiveness in detecting sugars from cell walls of dicot and grass tissues

Additional file 4. Chromatographic profiles of the sugar standards in the HPAEC method. As outlined in “Methods” section, the HPAEC analyses were carried out in two separate runs using two different programs (i.e. different columns and gradients) for each sample. In bold are the sugars quantified using the respective program. (A) Program 1 was used to quantify the amounts of fucose (Fuc), rhamnose (Rha), arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), galacturonic acid (GalA), and glucuronic acid (GlcA) on a Dionex PA20 column eluted using a NaOH/NaOAc gradient. (B) Program 2 was used to quantify the amounts of xylose (Xyl) and mannose (Man), which eluted as one peak in program 1, on a Dionex PA1 column eluted isocratically using 2 mM NaOH

MOESM8 of Dynamic changes in transcriptome and cell wall composition underlying brassinosteroid-mediated lignification of switchgrass suspension cells

Additional file 8: Table S7. Expression of switchgrass genes involved in hormone signaling

MOESM5 of Comparison of four glycosyl residue composition methods for effectiveness in detecting sugars from cell walls of dicot and grass tissues

Additional file 5. Comparison of the mol% of the different types of sugars in leaf AIR from Arabidopsis, Populus, rice and switchgrass using the four different glycosyl residue composition analysis methods

MOESM11 of Dynamic changes in transcriptome and cell wall composition underlying brassinosteroid-mediated lignification of switchgrass suspension cells

Additional file 11: Table S8. The Student’s t-tests on the monosaccharide composition and sequential extraction between pairwise samples

L'Auto-vélo : automobilisme, cyclisme, athlétisme, yachting, aérostation, escrime, hippisme / dir. Henri Desgranges

02 avril 19121912/04/02 (A13,N4187)

MOESM6 of Working towards recalcitrance mechanisms: increased xylan and homogalacturonan production by overexpression of GAlactUronosylTransferase12 (GAUT12) causes increased recalcitrance and decreased growth in Populus

Additional file 6. Glycosyl residue composition of (a) alcohol insoluble residue (AIR) and (b–h) wall fractions from stems of field-grown P. deltoides control and PtGAUT12.1-OE transgenic plants. Wall fractions were prepared by sequential extraction of AIR using increasingly harsh reagents: (b) 50 mM ammonium oxalate, (c) 50 mM Na2CO3, (d) 1 M KOH, (e) 4 M KOH, (f) 100 mM sodium chlorite (chlorite) and (g) 4 M KOH post-chlorite (4 M KOH PC). (h) The insoluble pellet remaining after all the extractions. Glycosyl residue composition was determined by GC–MS of trimetylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. Data are mean ± SE of three biological and two technical replicates, n = 5. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001

Data_Sheet_1_Functional Analysis of Cellulose Synthase CesA4 and CesA6 Genes in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) by Overexpression and RNAi-Mediated Gene Silencing.pdf

<p>Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a leading lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock. Cellulose is a major component of the plant cell walls and the primary substrate for saccharification. Accessibility of cellulose to enzymatic breakdown into fermentable sugars is limited by the presence of lignin in the plant cell wall. In this study, putatively novel switchgrass secondary cell wall cellulose synthase PvCesA4 and primary cell wall PvCesA6 genes were identified and their functional role in cellulose synthesis and cell wall composition was examined by overexpression and knockdown of the individual genes in switchgrass. The endogenous expression of PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 genes varied among including roots, leaves, stem, and reproductive tissues. Increasing or decreasing PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 expression to extreme levels in the transgenic lines resulted in decreased biomass production. PvCesA6-overexpressing lines had reduced lignin content and syringyl/guaiacyl lignin monomer ratio accompanied by increased sugar release efficiency, suggesting an impact of PvCesA6 expression levels on lignin biosynthesis. Cellulose content and cellulose crystallinity were decreased, while xylan content was increased in PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 overexpression or knockdown lines. The increase in xylan content suggests that the amount of non-cellulosic cell wall polysaccharide was modified in these plants. Taken together, the results show that the manipulation of the cellulose synthase genes alters the cell wall composition and availability of cellulose as a bioprocessing substrate.</p

MOESM4 of Development and use of a switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) transformation pipeline by the BioEnergy Science Center to evaluate plants for reduced cell wall recalcitrance

Additional file 4. Diagram illustrating position of three RNAi construct sequences used to silence HCTs in switchgrass. Sequences amplified and expressed in switchgrass to silence HCT1 (HCT1RNAi, purple box), HCT2 (HCT2RNAi, red box), and HCT 1 and 2 together (HCT1/2RNAi, blue box) are shown within the aligned PvHCT sequences. Areas with identity between the sequences are highlighted