Level and Magnitudes of Shade Deviation and Subsequent Environmental Challenges of Turquoise Colorants

 Reactive dyes for turquoise hue have definite properties of larger structure results shade deviation between batches in knit fabric dyeing. Dyeing technique of turquoise color as well as comprehensive analysis on deviations on shade and physico-chemical properties concerning batches of dyed knitted fabric with respective utility consumption has been investigated in this research. To obtain the level and magnitudes of deviation, three batches of cotton knitted fabric dyed with turquoise color having same recipe as well as same condition were examined. Ailment of shade on different stage of knit dyeing with turquoise color also reported. Process chemicals, parameters, process flow and visual analysis on light box as well as spectrophotometer analysis of all three samples was supplemented. In addition, physical and chemical test of sample dyed fabric such as color fastness to wash, color fastness to rubbing was tested under the ISO 3, ISO 105 E04, and ISO- 105-AO3 method respectively. Besides color strength as well as utility and time consumption of each batch have an inclusive investigation. After widespread analysis of the samples a considerable shade deviation has been testified which lead to reprocessing. As a result, production rate becomes lower, fabrics damage, production cost, chemicals and water consumption become higher, which upshots ruthless impact on environment through higher pollutants generation

Improving the Fastness Properties of Cotton Fabric through the Implementation of Different Mordanting Agents Dyed with Natural Dye Extracted from Marigold

Extraction of natural dyes for the coloration of Textile substrate is one the most important research area to the researchers. It is tried to extract the natural dyes from marigold flower through using the different kinds of mordanting agents. In this research, a particular source is used for dyes extraction. Before the extraction Patel of the marigold flower was extracted and dried on sunlight, subsequently dried in room temperature due to preserve the natural colorant. The natural dyes were extracted by boiling the above substrates in water without any chemicals. As mordant, Potash Alum [K2Al2(SO4)3.24H2O], Ferrous Sulphate(FeSO4),Copper Sulphate (CuSO4),Nickel (II) Sulphate (NiSO4),Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7),Stannous Chloride(SnCl2) were used. The mordanting procedures were followed same for all the experiments. The treatment runtime was 60 minute at 100oC. After mordanting each sample fabric was kept for 24 hours for conditioning and then the dyeing was done. But as there is no particular dyeing method for natural dyeing so it is followed some trial and some convenient methods were made after trial for several times. Mordanted samples were wet out in cold water before dyeing. During dyeing some salt or soda was added to observe the effects through the Runtime 60 minutes at 60oC. After dyeing samples were cold rinsed and soaping was done and dried with hot air dryer. Finally the color fastness like Color fastness to wash, Color fastness to perspiration/saliva, Color fastness to water, Color fastness to rubbing and Color fastness to light were checked and found satisfactory result

An Instigation to Green Manufacturing: Characterization and Analytical Analysis of Textile Wastewater for Physico-Chemical and Organic Pollution Indicators

Severe environmental pollutions are contributed by textiles at an alarming rate. Proper treatment of wastewater before discharge is mandatory for maintain our ecological balance. Pollution levels of textile effluent has been investigated and analyzed in this research. Effluent samples from different areas of textile processing industries in Bangladesh were collected and analyzed. A total forty sample were studied and characterized their result ranged are temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological oxygen demand (BOD5). Standard sample collection procedures was followed to collect samples of six months and analyzed immediately temperature, pH TDS by pocket size Thermometer, pH and TDS meter. To sum up, textile effluent contains high Temperature, pH, TDS, COD and lower DO which threatens aquatic lives live. It has been acclaimed that, it is quite unsafe for this discharge into water body to continue. The ecological and human health safety of continual discharge of this textile effluents into surface water are undoubtedly under threat

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Property of Ag-Nanoparticles and Prospects as Imminent Multi-Functional Colorant

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A review on Antibacterial Coloration Agent’s Activity, Implementation & Efficiency to Ensure the Ecofriendly & Green Textiles

Recently antibacterial colorants are most important research topic to the researchers. With high biodegradability, low toxicity, green chemistry and having potential application they exhibit a great impact on the textile dyeing and finishing industry. Natural colorants from plant sources either extraction or synthesis have been recently revealed as novel agents in imparting multifunctional properties to textiles such as antimicrobial, insect repellent, deodorizing, even UV protection. Many colorants, whether natural or synthetic, possess some inherent functions in addition to their coloring attribution. These properties can be utilized in textile dyeing processes to bring the particular functions to textiles in various textile industries. In other words, dyeing textiles with these colorants can combine dyeing with having a functionality finishes, a greener process than current separated wet treatments in terms of reduced generation of waste water and consumption of energy. Recently there has been a revival of interest in the use of natural dyes in textile coloration. This is a result of the stringent environmental standards imposed by many countries in response to the toxic and allergic reactions associated with the use of synthetic dyes. The aim of this review compilation is to give an overview on the main compounds used today for coloration of textile materials seeking for as antibacterial functionalization based on an evaluation of scientific publications, potential perspective of microbes on the environment and human health were considered

Sonochemical fabrication of nanocryatalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) in cotton fiber for durable ultraviolet resistance

A facile approach to in situ sonosynthesis and fabrication of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) in cotton fiber via low temperature sol-gel technique for superior ultraviolet resistance has been studied. Tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) was used as a precursor and ultrasonic cavitation was applied to synthesis TiO2 at low temperature followed by a simultaneous deposition in cotton fibers. Functionalized cotton fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Ultraviolet resistant property of TiO2 assembled cotton fiber and was examined by UV transmittance analyzer. The results indicate that crystal TiO2-Nps at size between 17  and 19 nm include anatase and rutile structure was successfully synthesized and deposed in mesopores, lumen and surface of the cotton fibers. Durable protection against ultraviolet radiation was obtained, which exhibit significant prospect of using low temperature sonochemical synthesis of metal oxides nanoparticles and deposition in porous textiles for a broad range of functional application

Progress in Decay of utility Intake, Process Time Assimilation and CO2 Emission in Textiles through New Generation Colorants

Textile dyeing effluents containing recalcitrant dyes are polluting waters due to their color and by the formation of toxic or carcinogenic intermediates such as aromatic amines from azo dyes. Since conventional treatment systems based on chemical or physical methods are quite expensive and consume high amounts of chemicals and energy, alternative technologies for this purpose have recently been studied. A number of new generation dyestuffs have been developed at laboratory scale to replace conventional dyestuff. Additionally, new generation dyestuffs shows very promising results for reduction of utilities and chemical consumption. In this contribution, we made a novel approach to detailed onsite investigation on water, steam, electricity and chemical minimization employing high exhaustion-fixation dyestuffs and analysis on production processes performed according to UNFCC clean Development Mechanism (CDM) promotion. Specific consumptions in wet processes were calculated by mass balance analyses. The multi-criteria decision-making methods were employed to determine suitable best available techniques

Improvement of mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced jute/ polyester epoxy composite through meticulous alkali treatment

This work aims to improve the mechanical properties of jute fabric reinforced composites. Jute fabric were treated with 5% alkali (NaOH) solution for different time durations (3 hrs. 5 hrs. 7 hrs.) at room temperature. Treated jute fabrics were used as reinforcing material to produce jute/unsaturated polyester resin epoxy composites. Recycled (R-UPR) and virgin (V-UPR) polyester resin were used at different combinations (100%V-UPR, 100%R-UPR, 50%V-UPR and 50% R-UPR) as epoxy. The effect of alkali treatment and mixing proportion of recycled and virgin polyester resin on tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composites were studied and characterized as referred as in corresponding ASTM standards. Results indicates an improvement on tensile strength and flexural strength in alkali treated composites compared to untreated composites may due to better adhesion of polyester resin with alkali treated fiber matrix present in jute fabric. Higher tensile and flexural strength on the composite produced by using recycled polyester resin compared to the composite produced by using virgin polyester resin also been perceived in the consequences