852 research outputs found
The effects of medium-oil dried distillers grains with solubles on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing pigs
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of increasing medium-oil dried
distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 7.4% fat, 28.1% CP, 10.8% ADF, and 25.6%
NDF) on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing pigs. A total of 288 pigs
(PIC 327 Ă— 1050; initially 151.8 lb) were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Treatments
consisted of a corn-soybean meal control diet or the control diet with 15, 30, or
45% medium-oil DDGS, with 8 pigs per pen and 8 replications per treatment. Increasing
medium-oil DDGS decreased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG and worsened (linear,
P < 0.02) F/G. In addition, final BW, HCW, carcass yield, and loin-eye depth
decreased (linear, P < 0.03), and jowl iodine value (IV) increased (linear, P < 0.001)
with increasing medium-oil DDGS. When pigs are fed traditional DDGS containing
>10.5% fat, each 10% DDGS added to the diet increases jowl IV approximately 2 mg/g;
however, feeding increasing medium-oil DDGS increased jowl IV only about 1.4 units
per each 10% DDGS. In conclusion, swine producers must be aware of the negative
ramifications on growth performance of using medium-oil DDGS in swine diets
Effects of added Zn in diets with Ractopamine HCl on growth performance and carcass quality of finishing pigs in a commercial environment
The experiment was conducted in a commercial facility to determine the effects of added Zn on the performance of finishing pigs fed Ractopamine HCl (RAC; Paylean®; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN). Pigs were randomly assigned to pens based on gender (14 barrow pens, 11 gilt pens, and 23 mixed-gender pens), with 25 to 28 pigs per pen. Previously, pens of pigs were assigned to treatments containing 0, 7.5, or 15% bakery by-product in a completely randomized design while balancing for initial BW and gender. On d 75, treatments were implemented to determine the effects of adding 50 ppm Zn from ZnO on finishing pig performance. A total of 1,234 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; average BW 224.6 lb) were used in a 28-d study. Pens of pigs were randomly assigned to diets with and without 50 ppm added Zn from zinc oxide (ZnO) and balanced by BW, bakery by-product, and gender. All diets contained 5 ppm RAC and 83 ppm Zn from ZnO provided by the trace mineral premix. There were 24 pens per treatment.
Overall (d 75 to 102), no differences (P > 0.22) in growth performance or carcass characteristics were observed when pigs were fed diets with 50 ppm added Zn compared with the RAC control. For pigs subsampled on d 84, pigs fed diets with 50 ppm added Zn had decreased (P < 0.05) edge belly thickness compared with pigs fed the control. For pigs subsampled on d 102, pigs fed diets with 50 ppm added Zn had decreased
(P < 0.02) backfat thickness, belly weight, and edge belly thickness; a tendency for decreased (P < 0.07) middle belly thickness; and increased (P < 0.01) percentage lean compared with pigs fed the RAC control. In contrast with our previous research, these data indicate that adding 50 ppm Zn from ZnO to finishing pig diets containing RAC did not improve overall performance. Consistent with the earlier research, income over feed cost (IOFC) was numerically increased with the addition of Zn
The interactive effects of high-fiber diets and Ractopamine HCl on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, carcass fat quality, and intestinal weights
In previous research, feeding pigs high amounts of dried distillers grains with solubles
(DDGS) and wheat middlings (midds) has been shown to reduce carcass yield and
negatively affect iodine value (IV). The influence of Ractopamine HCl (RAC; Paylean,
Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) on this response is not known; therefore, a total
of 575 finishing pigs (PIC 327 Ă— 1050, initially 123 lb) were used in two consecutive
73-d trials to determine the effects of DDGS and midds (high fiber) withdrawal 24
d before harvest in diets with or without RAC on finishing pig growth performance,
carcass characteristics, and fat quality. From d 0 to 49, pigs were allotted to 1 of 2
dietary treatments in a completely randomized design based on initial pen weight. The
dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal–based control diet or diets with 30%
DDGS and 19% wheat midds. Twelve pens of pigs were fed the corn-soybean meal
control diet, and 24 pens were fed the high-fiber diet. During this 49 d period, pigs fed
the corn-soybean meal diets had improved (P < 0.0001) ADG and F/G compared with
those fed the high-fiber diets.
On d 49, pens of pigs were re-allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments; pigs remained on
the corn-soybean meal diets, switched from the high-fiber diet to corn-soybean meal
(withdrawal diet), or were maintained on the high-fiber diet. These 3 regimens were fed
with or without 9 g/ton RAC
Variation in the digestiility of amino acids in soybean meal from a single processing plant
Digestibilities of amino acids among samples of soybean meal (SBM) collected during a fall harvest season (4 collections made 15 d apart) were similar, except that true digestibility from tryptophan was lower for a sample collected on d 30 of the experiment
vs SMB samples collected on the other dates. Our data suggest that proximate components and amino acid digestibilities of the SBM were very consistent and uniform during the 45 d of sample collection in one processing plant
Effects of increasing pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finish pigs reared in a commercial environment
A total of 1080 pigs (PIC), initially 89.0 ±
5.1 lb were used to determine the effects of
increasing pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growfinish pigs. Pigs were blocked by weight and gender, and were randomly allotted to treatment. Pigs were fed, in meal form, the experimental corn-soybean meal, added-fat diets in four phases. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet (no added pantothenic acid), or the control diet with 22.5, 45.0, or 90.0 ppm added pantothenic acid from d-calcium pantothenate. Dietary treatments were fed from d 0 to 98 (89.0 to 272.5 lb). The first three dietary phases contained 5% choice white grease, and all diets contained 0.15% L-lysine HCl, trace mineral premix, and a standard vitamin premix
manufactured with no pantothenic acid. Vitamins in the vitamin premix were supplemented at 300% of NRC guidelines. Added
pantothenic acid had no effect on ADG, ADFI, or F/G, regardless of rate, and no significant differences were observed in carcass traits, including hot-carcass weight, dressing percentage, fat-free-lean index (FFLI), average backfat, and loin depth. In our experiment, added pantothenic acid did not influence growth performance or carcass composition of pigs reared in a commercial environment
Effect of fish meal source on nursery pig performance
Citation: Jones, A. M., Woodworth, J. C., Goodband, R. D., Tokach, M. D., Dritz, S. S., & DeRouchey, J. M. (2016). Effect of fish meal source on nursery pig performance. Journal of Animal Science, 94, 94-94. doi:10.2527/msasas2016-199A total of 350 pigs (DNA Line 200 × 400; initially 6.5 ± 0.09 kg BW; 21 d of age) were used in a 14-d experiment to determine the effects of fish meal source on nursery pig performance. Pigs were randomly allotted to pens at weaning (d 0) and were fed a common starter diet for 7 d. On d 7, pens of pigs were randomly allotted by BW to 1 of 7 dietary treatments (10 pens/treatment and 5 pigs/pen) in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based that contained 10% dried whey and none (Control) or 3 or 6% fish meal from 1 of 3 sources (IPC 790 Fish Meal, The Scoular Company, Minneapolis, MN; Special Select Menhaden Fish Meal, Omega Proteins, Houston, TX; and Daybrook LT Prime Menhaden Fish Meal, Daybrook Fisheries, Morristown, NJ). All fish meal sources were from the 2014 catch year. All samples of fish meal contained less than 0.15% total volatile N suggesting high quality. A source × level interaction (P < 0.05) for ADG and final BW was observed as increasing levels of IPC 790 improved ADG; however, pigs fed Special Select and LT Prime fish meal only saw improvement when 3% was included. While no differences were observed between treatments for ADFI, there was a source × level interaction for G:F (Linear P = 0.005). This was a result of G:F linearly improving as IPC 790 increased, with pigs fed 3% Special Select or LT Prime having similar performance to 6% IPC 790, but no further improvement thereafter. In conclusion, adding 3% of any fish meal source improved ADG and G:F; however, only pigs fed IPC 790 had a further improvement in ADG when 6% was fed
Dietary energy density and growing-finishing pig performance and profitability
A retrospective analysis of 25 studies (16 at university and 9 at field research facilities) was conducted to model the response in ADG and F/G to increasing dietary energy density and its effect on profitability. Average daily feed intake in the field studies was approximately 30% lower than in the university studies, and as pigs increase in weight in the university studies they transition to a non-energy
dependent phase of growth at a lighter weight than those in the field studies. The percentage response in ADG per percent added fat in the university studies was greater for the first 2.5% added fat than for higher fat levels, indicating a diminishing return. However, the percentage response in ADG was similar for both the 2.5 and 5% added fat levels in the field studies, indicating a linear response to fat additions. As expected the F/G improvement was greater in the field compared to the university
studies. A five-year price series was used to determine the impact of fat additions to cornsoybean meal-based diets on profitability. For lighter weight pigs (70 to 120 lb), the net return to added fat is almost always positive, with feed cost per unit of gain being increased and deceased 50% of the time. However, the net return to added fat for heavier weight pigs (230 to 265 lb) fluctuates, with feed cost per unit of gain being increased in most scenarios. Using high energy diets for lighter weight pigs is cost effective and increases profit the majority of the time. The optimal energy density for late finishing pig diets is more dependent on the economic conditions
Determining the accuracy of gestation feed drops
An experiment was conducted to determine
the accuracy of three different gestation
feed drops. Each drop was tested at three different angles (90, 75, 60°) from the feed line. Feed was collected and weighed at feeder settings of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 lb for the Econo- Drop and Accu-Drop feed dispensers. Samples were taken at 2, 4, 6, and 8 lb for the Ultra- Drop feed dispenser due to a smaller storage capacity for feed with this feed drop. There were five replications (five drops of each type) at each feed setting. There was a drop type by angle interaction (P<0.01) for the feed dispenser settings versus the actual pounds of feed dropped. At angles of 90 or 60 degrees, the Accu-Drop and the Ultra-Drop
feed dispensers more (P<0.10) accurately
dropped the correct amount of feed at the respective feeder settings. The amount of feed dropped at each dispenser setting was influenced more by angle to the feed line with the Econo-Drop than with the Accu-Drop or Ultra- Drop feed dispensers. This study demonstrated that the Accu-Drop and the Ultra-Drop feed dispensers are more accurate than the Econo-Drop feed dispenser. Therefore, producers should consider the additional feed cost over the lifetime of the feed drops and not rely solely on initial price
Comparision of antibiotics and antimicrobial alternatives on growth performance of weanling pigs in a commercial environment
A total of 320 weanling pigs (11.7 lb and 14 ± 3 d of age, PIC) was used to determine the effects of antibiotics and antimicrobial alternatives in diets for nursery pigs reared in a commercial environment. Pigs were fed one of 5 experimental diets: 1) control with no antimicrobials; 2) carbadox (50 g/ton); 3) Lacto- Sacc® (0.2%); 4) Bio-Plus® 2B (0.05%); or 5) Bio-Mos™(0.3%). Lacto Sacc® is a concentrated form of selected live yeast cells while Bio Plus® 2B contains two bacillus strains. Bio-Mos™ is a mannanoligosaccharide derived from yeast. Overall (d 0 to 31 postweaning), pigs fed the control diet or diets containing Bio Mos had greater (P<0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed the diet containing Bio Plus 2B. Pigs fed the diet containing Bio Plus 2B had lower (P<0.05) daily feed intake compared to pigs fed the control diet or diets
containing carbadox or Bio Mos with Lacto Sacc being intermediate in performance. There was no difference in feed efficiency among pigs fed various dietary treatments. In conclusion, in this commercial environment, the additions of carbadox or antimicrobial alternatives to the control diet were not effective in improving nursery pig performance
Corn particle size and pelleting influence on growth performance, fecal shedding, and lymph node infection rates of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium
Ninety-six pigs (initially 13.8 lb.) were used in a 28-d trial to determine the interactive effects between pelleting and particle size on Salmonella serovar Typhimurium shedding and colonization in a young growing pig model. The experiment was a 2 Ă— 2 factorial arrangement consisting of meal or pelleted diets with fine or coarse ground corn. Pigs were fed the diets 1 wk pre-salmonella inoculation and allotted based on weight to one of four dietary treatments. For the main effect of particle size, pigs fed finer ground corn had significantly improved feed efficiency (P0.82). There was no difference in salmonella infection rates of mesenteric lymph nodes obtained on d 28 between treatments or main effects. Finer grinding and meal diets generally improved growth, feed intake, and
feed efficiency compared to pigs fed coarser
ground or pelleted feeds. However, particle
size or diet form did not alter fecal shedding or mesenteric lymph node infection rates of salmonella organisms in our study
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