L’effet de l’investissement dans la technologie dans une entreprise familiale libanaise

L’investissement dans la technologie s’avère crucial pour qu’une entreprise soit capable d’améliorer ses processus, d’offrir de nouveaux biens et services sur le marché, d’augmenter son efficacité et d’améliorer son rendement. L’objet de cet article est de présenter et d’analyser l’effet de l’investissement dans la technologie d’une entreprise. Les nouvelles théories de la croissance mettent l’accent sur la croissance du potentiel technologique dans le processus de production. Notre étude de cas concerne une petite entreprise familiale libanaise « Rohban Diairies », spécialisée dans la production et la commercialisation des produits laitiers. L’entreprise a investi dans la technologie, par l’achat de deux machines en 2014 et 2016. L’analyse micro-économique et le calcul de plusieurs indicateurs d’activité et de rentabilité confirment que les investissements de « Rohban Diairies » sont rentables

The governance of a system : towards a dynamic management of risks

L'augmentation du nombre des sinistres à grande échelle d'origine climatique, technologique, sanitaire, et bien d'autres, nous interpelle sur le mode de gouvernance des systèmes concernés, sur les choix de couverture de ces risques et sur les mesures de prévention mises en place. La question qui a animé notre recherche est : dans quelle mesure la gouvernance d'un système favorise-t-elle la gestion des risques ? Notre analyse empirique s'appuie sur deux cas d'étude, qui se concentrent, sur la gouvernance d'un système face à des risques catastrophiques pour l'un, et des risques communs pour l'autre. D'une part, les risques majeurs sont connus comme étant très peu probables mais avec de possibles lourdes conséquences. La dynamique de la gouvernance adaptative, pour la gestion des risques majeurs d'un système, souligne la nécessité d'adopter une approche flexible (dynamique). Nous proposons ainsi un cadre d'évaluation de la capacité d'adaptation d'un système dans le domaine des risques majeurs. D'autre part, les risques communs affectent l'ensemble de la population. Face aux risques communs dont les conséquences s'étalent dans le futur, nous considérons que la gouvernance adaptative dans une démocratie délibérative se réfère au paradigme selon lequel la gouvernance permet aux décideurs de se projeter vers le long terme. Le dilemme consiste à prendre (à présent) des décisions (c.-à-d. des risques, au sens général du terme) dont les effets (ou les conséquences) ne se font sentir que dans le futur. La gouvernance d'un système doit favoriser la gestion des risques. Notre travail de recherche est structuré autour de trois parties (i.e. « Gouvernances et risques », « La gouvernance d'un système exposé à un risque catastrophique », et « La gouvernance d'un système exposé à un risque commun »), chacune composée de trois chapitres. L'objectif ultime de la gestion des risques, voire des incertitudes qui caractérisent nos sociétés contemporaines est une raison d'être légitime des modes dynamiques de gouvernance qui incitent les différents acteurs à travailler ensemble, de diverses manières, afin de relever les défis auxquels ils sont confrontés.The increase in large-scale climate, technological, sanitary, and many other types of losses, challenges us on the governance of the concerned systems, the choices made to hedge these risks and implement prevention measures. The question which animated our research is : to what extent the governance of a system promotes a better risk management?Our empirical analysis is based on two case studies which focus on the governance of a system while facing catastrophic risks for first one, and on common risks for the other. On the one hand, catastrophic risks are known to be highly improbable but with possible serious consequences. The dynamic of the adaptive governance system facing catastrophic risks underlines the need for a (dynamic) flexible approach. We therefore suggest an assessment framework for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of catastrophic risks. On the other hand, common risks affect the whole population. We consider that the adaptive governance in a deliberative democracy refers to the governance paradigm which addresses common risks whose consequences spread out into the future. Thus, it induces decision makers to look at the long run. The dilemma consists in taking (now) decisions (i.e. Risk, in the general sense of the word) whose effects (or consequences) are only felt in the future. The governance of a system shall promote risk management. Our research is structured into three parts (i.e. "Governance and risk", "Governance of a system exposed to a catastrophic risk" and "Governance of a system exposed to a common risk"), each composed of three chapters. The ultimate objective of the management of risks, or even uncertainties, which characterize our contemporary societies is a legitimate reason for having dynamic modes of governance that prompt different actors to work together in various ways, in order to meet challenges they face

Dealing with risks and governance

The scope of this note is to delimitate what we are talking about when we refer to governance, a word that relates to different concepts in political sciences, social sciences and other human sciences. Within such a large meaning, governance encompasses many situations where there are risks to be managed, or risks to be taken, which leads us to question its economic foundations. However, the foundations need not be the same if we consider “corporate governance”, “national governance”, “territorial governance” and many compound ways of management through Public Private Partnerships (PPP)

The adaptive governance of natural disasters: Insights from the 2010 mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia

Événement(s) lié(s) : - 22. Society for Risk Analysis Europe Conference; Trondheim (NOR) - (2013-06-17 - 2013-06-19)- 10. Augustin Cournot Doctoral Days (ACDD); Strasbourg (FRA) - (2013-05-30 - 2013-05-30)- 62. Congrès annuel de l'Association Française de Science Economique; Aix en Provence (FRA) - (2013-06-24 - 2013-06-26)- 22. Society for Risk Analysis Europe Conference; Trondheim (NOR) - (2013-06-17 - 2013-06-19)An adaptive governance system strives to enhance th e capacity of institutions to better coordinate between them. As such, the main objective of an ada ptive governance system would be to put learning by experience processes in place, and thus to improve the adaptive capacity of the concerned system. The contribution of this paper is twofold: (1) to establish an assessment framework of the adaptive capacity of a system in t he field of natural disasters and (2) to explore the governance system of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia. Firstly, this paper establishes an assessment frame work for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of natural disasters. This assessment framewo rk contains six key parameters as follows: (1) context description, (2) institutions, (3) infrastr uctures, (4) economic and financial resources, (5) technology, and (6) information and skills. Secondly, using a field survey, which was conducted after the 2010 volcanic eruption and rain- triggered lahars on Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, we under line a number of barriers, such as lack of appropriate infrastructures, complex interactions a cross institutions, dependence on funds from external parties, and rudimentary quantitative docu mentation on both human and material loss, that weaken the adaptive capacity of the rescue system. More efforts are therefore needed in order to improve the adaptive capacity and, thus, the adapti ve governance at Mt. Merapi system. This study constitutes a significant step toward en hancing our understanding of the adaptive governance approach in the context of natural disas ters in developing countries

The adaptive governance of natural disasters: Insights from the 2010 mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia

An adaptive governance system strives to enhance th e capacity of institutions to better coordinate between them. As such, the main objective of an ada ptive governance system would be to put learning by experience processes in place, and thus to improve the adaptive capacity of the concerned system. The contribution of this paper is twofold: (1) to establish an assessment framework of the adaptive capacity of a system in t he field of natural disasters and (2) to explore the governance system of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia. Firstly, this paper establishes an assessment frame work for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of natural disasters. This assessment framewo rk contains six key parameters as follows: (1) context description, (2) institutions, (3) infrastr uctures, (4) economic and financial resources, (5) technology, and (6) information and skills. Secondly, using a field survey, which was conducted after the 2010 volcanic eruption and rain- triggered lahars on Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, we under line a number of barriers, such as lack of appropriate infrastructures, complex interactions a cross institutions, dependence on funds from external parties, and rudimentary quantitative docu mentation on both human and material loss, that weaken the adaptive capacity of the rescue system. More efforts are therefore needed in order to improve the adaptive capacity and, thus, the adapti ve governance at Mt. Merapi system. This study constitutes a significant step toward en hancing our understanding of the adaptive governance approach in the context of natural disas ters in developing countries

The adaptive governance of natural disasters: Insights from the 2010 mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia

Localisation : Centre de documentation P. Bartoli, UMR LAMETA, Montpellier (WPL 2013-11) 2013-11An adaptive governance system strives to enhance th e capacity of institutions to better coordinate between them. As such, the main objective of an ada ptive governance system would be to put learning by experience processes in place, and thus to improve the adaptive capacity of the concerned system. The contribution of this paper is twofold: (1) to establish an assessment framework of the adaptive capacity of a system in t he field of natural disasters and (2) to explore the governance system of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia. Firstly, this paper establishes an assessment frame work for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of natural disasters. This assessment framewo rk contains six key parameters as follows: (1) context description, (2) institutions, (3) infrastr uctures, (4) economic and financial resources, (5) technology, and (6) information and skills. Secondly, using a field survey, which was conducted after the 2010 volcanic eruption and rain- triggered lahars on Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, we under line a number of barriers, such as lack of appropriate infrastructures, complex interactions a cross institutions, dependence on funds from external parties, and rudimentary quantitative docu mentation on both human and material loss, that weaken the adaptive capacity of the rescue system. More efforts are therefore needed in order to improve the adaptive capacity and, thus, the adapti ve governance at Mt. Merapi system. This study constitutes a significant step toward en hancing our understanding of the adaptive governance approach in the context of natural disas ters in developing countries

The adaptive governance of natural disasters: Insights from the 2010 Mount Merapi Eruption in Indonesia

An adaptive governance system strives to enhance the capacity of institutions to better coordinate between them. As such, the main objective of an adaptive governance system would be to put learning by experience processes in place, and thus to improve the adaptive capacity of the concerned system. The contribution of this paper is twofold: (1) to establish an assessment framework of the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of natural disasters and (2) to explore the governance system of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia. Firstly, this paper establishes an assessment framework for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of natural disasters. This assessment framework contains six key parameters as follows: (1) context description, (2) institutions, (3) infrastructures, (4) economic and financial resources, (5) technology, and (6) information and skills. Secondly, using a field survey, which was conducted after the 2010 volcanic eruption and raintriggered lahars on Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, we underline a number of barriers, such as lack of appropriate infrastructures, complex interactions across institutions, dependence on funds from external parties, and rudimentary quantitative documentation on both human and material loss, that weaken the adaptive capacity of the rescue system. More efforts are therefore needed in order to improve the adaptive capacity and, thus, the adaptive governance at Mt. Merapi system. This study constitutes a significant step toward enhancing our understanding of the adaptive governance approach in the context of natural disasters in developing countries.

The adaptive governance of natural disaster systems: Insights from the 2010 mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia

International audienceAn adaptive governance system strives to enhance the capacity of institutions to better coordinate relief operations, public awareness and risk reduction policy in case of natural or man-made disasters, by promoting learning from experience. The contribution of this article is twofold: (1) to establish an assessment framework for the adaptive capacity of a system in the field of disasters, and (2) to explore the governance system of Mt. Merapi volcano, Indonesia. We chose the Merapi volcano in the wake of the large 2010 eruption, the largest event over the past 140 years. We develop and apply an assessment framework for the adaptive capacity of a system with the following six key parameters: (1) system description, (2) technology, (3) infrastructure, (4) institutions, (5) information and skills, and (6) economic and financial resources. The methodology consists of a qualitative analysis, using a text analysis. The data have been collected from a field survey, which was conducted after the 2010 volcanic eruption and rain-triggered lahars on Mt. Merapi in central Java. We underline a number of challenges, such as apparent lack of appropriate infrastructures, complex interactions across institutions, dependence on funds from external parties, and limited quantitative documentation on both human and material loss, which may weaken the adaptive capacity of the system. More efforts are therefore needed in order to improve the adaptive capacity and, thus, the adaptive governance at Mt. Merapi. This study represents a significant step toward enhancing our understanding of the adaptive governance approach in developing countries