27 research outputs found
Structural properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from fruit bodies of <i>Pholiota nameko</i>
<p>A polysaccharide named PNP was extracted and purified from <i>Pholiota nameko.</i> The total sugar content of PNP was 95.29% and the molecular weight was 1.89 × 10<sup>3</sup> kDa. The structural features of PNP were investigated by the combination of chemical and instrumental analysis such as UV spectrophotometer, specific rotation determination, FT-IR, methylisation analysis and Congo red. The results showed that the optical rotation of PNP was +120° and that it had a triple-helical structure. Besides, PNP was mainly composed of glucose and mannose at the molar ratio of 4.24:1.00. The backbone of PNP was composed of (1→3)-linked-Glc and (1→3)-linked-Man whereas the branches of (1→3,6)-linked- Glc, (1→3,6)-linked-Man and T- Glc. Consistenting with the results of UV–Vis spectra, FT-IR spectroscopy and <sup>1</sup>H NMR, indicated that PNP was a complex of polysaccharides and polyphenols. In vitro antioxidant results suggested that PNP was processed with certain scavenging capacity.</p
Brain Radiotherapy plus Concurrent Temozolomide versus Radiotherapy Alone for Patients with Brain Metastases: A Meta-Analysis
<div><p>Objective</p><p>We performed a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to compare the efficacy of brain radiotherapy (RT) combined with temozolomide (TMZ) versus RT alone as first-line treatment for brain metastases (BM).</p><p>Methods</p><p>Medline, Embase, and Pubmed were used to search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two investigators reviewed the abstracts and independently rated the quality of trials and relevant data. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events.</p><p>Results</p><p>Seven studies were selected from the literature search. RT plus TMZ produced significant improvement in ORR with odds ratio (OR) of 2.27 (95% CI, 1.29 to 4.00; <i>P</i> = 0.005) compared with RT alone. OS and PFS were not significantly different between the two arms (OS: HR, 1.00; <i>P</i> = 0.959; PFS: HR, 0.73; <i>P</i> = 0.232). However, the RT plus TMZ arm was associated with significantly more grade 3 to 4 nausea and thrombocytopenia.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Concomitant RT and TMZ, compared to RT alone, significantly increases ORR in patients with BM, but yields increased toxicity and fails to demonstrate a survival advantage.</p></div
Forest plot of severe toxicities: (A) nausea; (B) thrombocytopenia.
<p>*Favors RT+TMZ = Lower risk in RT+TMZ.</p
Forest plot of subgroup analysis by cancer type for OS.
<p>Forest plot of subgroup analysis by cancer type for OS.</p
Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs for progression-free survival (PFS).
<p>Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs for progression-free survival (PFS).</p
Forest plot of overall survival (OS) for patients with brain metastases (BM).
<p>Forest plot of overall survival (OS) for patients with brain metastases (BM).</p
A flow chart showing the progress of trials through the review.
<p>A flow chart showing the progress of trials through the review.</p
Au-WO<sub>3</sub> Nanowire-Based Electrodes for NO<sub>2</sub> Sensing
In
this work, a selective and highly sensitive gas sensor using
tungsten oxide (WO3) nanofibers was fabricated via electrospinning.
WO3 was functionalized with gold nanoparticles by magnetron
sputtering at different sputtering times to obtain Au films with thicknesses
of 1, 5, 10, and 15 nm. The sensing performance of Au film composite
nanomaterials with different Au layer thicknesses was tested at 100–250
°C and different nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations
ranging from 200 to 1000 ppb. The findings showed that the 10 nm Au–WO3 composite nanomaterial sensor had the most significant improvement
in the performance of the pristine WO3 sensor compared
with other Au–WO3 composite nanomaterial sensors,
and the optimal operating temperature of the sensor was 175 °C.
The composite nanomaterial sensor exhibited excellent selectivity
when exposed to different gases and also exhibited high sensibility
when exposed to low concentrations of NO2 under high humidity
(80%). The mechanism of gas sensor performance improvement was also
investigated