Additional file 1 of Development of an auto-inducible expression system by nitrogen sources switching based on the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Overexpression of CatB in NSAES a CatB activity of ABPUN and A.n-PniaD-CatB. b SDS-PAGE of CatB at 24 h. Figure S2. Construction of recombinant Aspergillusnidulans strains. Strategy for homologoustransformation to insert the expression plasmid. FigureS3. PniiA/PniaD bidirectionalpromoter sequence and annotation. Four NirA binding sites (red) and ten AreA binding sites (blue). Table S1. Aspergillus nidulans strains usedin this study. Table S2. Primers used in this study. Table S3. Biomass of strainA.n-PniaD-pyrG-flag cultured in difference NO3−/NH4+ratio

Computer-Aided Reconstruction and Application of <i>Bacillus halodurans</i> S7 Xylanase with Heat and Alkali Resistance

β-1,4-Endoxylanase is the most critical hydrolase for xylan degradation during lignocellulosic biomass utilization. However, its poor stability and activity in hot and alkaline environments hinder its widespread application. In this study, BhS7Xyl from Bacillus halodurans S7 was improved using a computer-aided design through isothermal compressibility (βT) perturbation engineering and by combining three thermostability prediction algorithms (ICPE-TPA). The best variant with remarkable improvement in specific activity, heat resistance (70 °C), and alkaline resistance (both pH 9.0 and 70 °C), R69F/E137M/E145L, exhibited a 4.9-fold increase by wild-type in specific activity (1368.6 U/mg), a 39.4-fold increase in temperature half-life (458.1 min), and a 57.6-fold increase in pH half-life (383.1 min). Furthermore, R69F/E137M/E145L was applied to the hydrolysis of agricultural waste (corncob and hardwood pulp) to efficiently obtain a higher yield of high-value xylooligosaccharides. Overall, the ICPE-TPA strategy has the potential to improve the functional performance of enzymes under extreme conditions for the high-value utilization of lignocellulosic biomass

Mitochondrial DNA analyses found five novel mutations in idiopathic epilepsy patients

Epilepsy is a common and chronic neurological disease with a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease have not been fully understood. Many studies suggested that there was a reciprocal relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and epilepsy, but few studies focused on the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of the epilepsy patient which was extremely important for the mitochondrial function. In our study, we obtained complete mtDNA sequences of 27 idiopathic epilepsy patients and healthy people, and compared the sequence data with 30,000 GenBank sequences including 277 Han Chinese mtDNA sequences. We analyzed each variant that might be related to disease and examined the statistically significant variant in more than 300 patients and healthy people. Ultimately, we identified 27 variants which were reported to be associated with diseases, 4 rare variants (321T > G, 15973 T > C, 3897C > A, 12580 C > T), and a nonsynonymous variant (3571 C > T) which was predicted to be damaging. Although no variant was found to be significantly associated with epilepsy, our study provided a new insight into epilepsy study on an aspect of the mitochondrial genome.</p