Critical Review of Ethnographic Reports

This is an unpublished paper.In this paper, I compare and contrast the approaches of three ethnographers to give some idea of the range of possible reporting styles one can find. The texts I analyzed are The Man in the Principal’s Office, by Harry F. Wolcott, Street Corner Society, by William Foote Whyte, and The Color of Strangers, the Color of Friends, by Alan Peshkin. I compared five aspects of these three ethnographic reports, which I explained in detail as I discussed them: (1) the texture of description, (2) the roles and activities of the researcher, (3) the adequacy of evidence reported, (4) the texture of authorial voice in the report, and (5) the social theory perspective of the author. I covered each point independently, discussing all three texts together under each point

Quechua Language Shift, Maintenance, and Revitalization in the Andes: The Case for Language Planning

Although Quechua is spoken by eight to twelve million people across six South American countries, by most measures, Quechua is an endangered language. This article provides an overview of the current situation of Quechua language shift, maintenance, and revitalization, and makes a case for the importance of language planning for the survival and development of the language. We use Fishman’s notion of physical/demographic, social, and cultural dislocations as an organizing rubric for discussing Quechua’s current situation (Fishman 1991: 55–65), and the typology of status, corpus, and acquisition planning to discuss the role of language planning in Quechua’s position, both current and future. We take into account the role of linguistic ideologies and language attitudes in language shift, maintenance, and revitalization and in the language-planning process, working from the assumption that language is a critical element of ethnic identity for many Quechua speakers in the Andes

Introduction: Indigenous language regimes in the Americas

The Americas are a multilingual, pluricultural, and multiethnic territory where asymmetrical relationships of political, economic, sociocultural, and linguistic power have existed for centuries despite all the efforts that have been made to alleviate these situations. Language regimes constitute a set of regulations that prescribe which languages should be used when, where, how, by whom, and under what circumstances. According to Kroskrity (2000a: 3), “‘Regimes of language,’ as both image and title, [...] promised to integrate two often segre- gated domains: politics (without language) and language (without politics)”. This means that language regimes are political constructs, where ideologies function as linguistic and discursive practices. (For more information about language regimes and language ideologies, see Cardinal and Sontag 2016; Gazzola 2014; Gustafson 2009; Howard 2007; Kroskrity 2000a; Kroskrity and Field 2010; Kroskrity et al. 1992; Liu 2015; Schiefffelin et al. 1998)

Language policy and planning, and language ideologies in Peru: The case of Cuzco\u27s High Academy of the Quechua Language (Qheswa simi hamut\u27 ana kuraq suntur)

Many languages in today\u27s world are endangered. One of these languages is Quechua, which has received considerable attention in recent decades from linguists, language planners, policy makers and speech communities themselves regarding whether and how it should be maintained or revitalized. The High Academy of the Quechua Language (HAQL) in Cuzco, Peru is the dominant language academy seeking to preserve this language. Historically, language academies have served functions of corpus and status planning. The academies of less widely spoken languages have sometimes also entered the arena of acquisition planning. This has been the case with the HAQL. In this work, I investigate to what extent the HAQL has played a role in language planning and revitalization efforts for Quechua in the Andean region. I studied the HAQL to establish its positions, attitudes, ideologies and practices in conservation and promotion efforts for Quechua and to determine whether those efforts have benefited or hindered the development of the language. Ultimately, I determined that while the HAQL is active in a number of ways in all three areas of language planning, it has not had the positive impact it could have had. Perhaps the principal reasons are the lack of funding with which it constantly struggles, the lack of training in language policy and planning foundations in order to carry out its objectives in a systematic and coherent way, and the strong ideological views of its members which have a tendency to alienate people and groups who could have been potential collaborators. Finally, I suggest several ways the HAQL may improve its efforts, and its relations with other language planning organizations. However, the findings of my study have implications beyond the Quechua language. Lessons learned from the successes and failures of the Academy can help organizations in other countries that may also be attempting to maintain indigenous languages to avoid pitfalls or to plan more effectively from the beginning

Introduction. Working Papers in Literacy, Culture, and Language Education, Vol. 5

The Working Papers in Literacy, Culture, and Language Education (WPLCLE) is an annual peer‐reviewed online publication that provides a forum for faculty and students to publish research papers within a conceptual framework that values the integration of theory and practice in the field of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education. The mission of this journal is twofold: (1) to promote the exchange of ideas and dissemination of research, and (2) to facilitate academic exchange between students, faculty, and scholars from around the world

Lenguas e identidades en los Andes : perspectivas ideológicas y culturales

Articles chiefly presented at a conference held in 200