Additional file 4 of The prediction of distant metastasis risk for male breast cancer patients based on an interpretable machine learning model

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Additional file 3 of The prediction of distant metastasis risk for male breast cancer patients based on an interpretable machine learning model

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Additional file 2 of The prediction of distant metastasis risk for male breast cancer patients based on an interpretable machine learning model

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Additional file 1 of The prediction of distant metastasis risk for male breast cancer patients based on an interpretable machine learning model

Additional file 1

Data_Sheet_1_Karst tiankeng create a unique habitat for the survival of soil microbes: Evidence from ecoenzymatic stoichiometry.docx

Clarifying the soil microbial metabolism and resource limitations could help to understand the functions and processes of aboveground ecosystems, as well as to predict ecosystem stability under global climate change. Karst tiankeng is a kind of large-scale negative surface terrain on the surface which is similar to an oasis in degraded karst landscapes, but their soil microbial resource limitations still unclear. In this study, we evaluated and compared the soil microbial resource limitation in non-degraded tiankeng (NDT), moderately degraded tiankeng (MDT), heavily degraded tiankeng (HDT), and outside tiankeng (OT) by calculating soil ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. Overall, soil microbial communities were more limited by C and P in karst tiankeng ecosystem. The soil microbial C and P limitations significantly differed with the karst tiankeng degradation increased, and the lowest C and P limitations were observed in NDT. The higher microbial C and P limitations were observed in OT. Linear regression and redundancy analysis indicated that soil microbial C and P limitations were significantly influenced by soil nutrients. Karst tiankeng degradation influence the biogeochemical cycle and function of karst tiankeng systems. Our results highlight that karst tiankeng (especially the NDT) can provide a stable habitat for the survival of microorganisms in karst areas. Karst tiankeng is essential for regional ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation.</p

Additional file 1 of Slope aspect affects the soil microbial communities in karst tiankeng negative landforms

Additional file 1: Table S1. The gene number of CAZy class on the different slopes. Figure S1. The Shannon-Wiener index of microbial community on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS). The different letters mean significant difference at p < 0.05. Figure S2. The analysis of similarities (AMOSIM) of microbial community on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS). Figure S3. The abundance of microbial community composition on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS). Figure S4. The LEfSe analysis of microbial community composition on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS) (threshold value of 3.0). Figure S5. The microbial community function pathways on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS). Figure S6. The abundance of genes associated with C and N cycle on sunny slope (SUS) and shady slopes (SHS). Figure S7. The correlation between the microbial community (at phylum level) and environmental variables. * correlation significant at the 0.05 level. SWC, soil water content; SOC, soil organic carbon; TN, total nitrogen; TP, total phosphorus; TK, total potassium. Figure S8. Location of the study site in Yunnan Province, China (The data set is provided by Geospatial Data Cloud site, Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences. ( http://www.gscloud.cn ))

Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in plant pathogenic fungi

<p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in plant pathogenic fungi</p

MAP kinases characterized in plant pathogenic fungi.

MAP kinases characterized in plant pathogenic fungi.</p

Functional diversity of the HOG pathway in yeast and plant-pathogenic fungi.

<p>Schematic model of the HOG pathway that is mainly involved in hyperosmoregulation in <i>S</i>. <i>cerevisiae</i>. Although lacking redundant MEK kinases, filamentous ascomycetes generally have orthologs of all these conserved components of the Hog1 pathway, including MEKK, MEK, and upstream phosphorelay and sensor proteins. Besides its conserved role in osmoregulation, this pathway has species-specific functions in pathogenesis, vegetative growth, fungicide sensitivity, sexual and asexual development, and responses to oxidative, cell wall, and other stresses in different plant pathogenic fungi. Filled and empty circles indicate that the Hog1/OS-2 kinase is important or dispensable, respectively, for specific functions characterized in different fungi. HOG, high-osmolarity glycerol; MEK, MAPK kinase; MEKK, MEK kinase.</p

The Pmk1 and Mps1 pathways and their relationship with cAMP signaling in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>.

<p><b>A.</b> Distinct and overlapping functions of the cAMP-PKA pathway and Pmk1 and Mps1 MAPK cascades during plant infection. <b>B.</b> Physical and chemical signals known to trigger appressorium formation include surface hydrophobicity and hardness, cutin monomers, plant surface waxes, and primary alcohols. Msb2, Sho1, Pth11, and Cbp1 are involved in recognizing extracellular or surface signals to activate the downstream cAMP-PKA pathway and Mst11-Mst7-Pmk1 MAPK cascade. Both the trimeric G-proteins and Ras monomeric G-proteins are functionally related to these two pathways that regulate appressorium formation, penetration, and invasive growth. Although its upstream sensors have not been characterized, the Bck1-Mkk2-Mps1 cascade likely functions downstream from PKC and is important for sporulation, appressorium penetration, and pathogenesis via downstream Mig1, Swi6, and possibly other transcription factors. The adapter protein Mst50 is involved in both Pmk1 and Mps1 pathways. Mip11 is a RACK protein that interacts with both Mst50 and Mck1. Pmk1 positively regulates Mst12, Mcm1, Sfl1, and likely other transcription factors during different infection processes. Together with the Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor complex, Sfl1 also functions as a transcriptional repressor for hyphal growth. cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; MAPK, MAP kinase; PKA, protein kinase A; PKC, protein kinase C; RACK, receptor for activated C kinase.</p