Propuesta metodologica en el ambito de la mecatronica: vehículos de competicion de alta eficiencia

El principal interés de la presente tesis consiste en el estudio de un método para el diseño y fabricación de un vehículo prototipo de alta eficiencia para la participación en competiciones de nivel internacional. El método descrito se aplicará como ejemplo a la forma exterior del vehículo. En el diseño y fabricación de estos vehículos se deben cumplir unos principios básicos de eficiencia y seguridad. En este trabajo se ha procedido a realizar las siguientes acciones: - Estudio de la reglamentación en cuanto a medidas de seguridad. - Estudio de la restricciones de diseño impuestas por nuestro tipo de vehículo (dirección delantera, motor de combustión, etc.). - Establecimiento de la metodología. - Diseño en 2D del perfil aerodinámico óptimo. - Diseño de la carrocería en 3D y su posterior, perfeccionamiento del diseño a partir de un estudio CFD (Computation Fluid Dynamics). - Proceso de Fabricación de la carrocería.Colomer Romero, V. (2013). Propuesta metodologica en el ambito de la mecatronica: vehículos de competicion de alta eficiencia [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34512TESI

Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Hemp-Fibre Biocomposites Fabricated with Biobased and Regular Epoxy Resins

[EN] Bio- and green composites are mainly used in non-structural automotive elements like interior panels and vehicle underpanels. Currently, the use of biocomposites as a worthy alternative to glass fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRPs) in structural applications still needs to be fully evaluated. In the current study, the development of a suited biocomposites started with a thorough review of the available raw materials, including both reinforcement fibres and matrix materials. Based on its specific properties, hemp appeared to be a very suitable fibre. A similar analysis was conducted for the commercially available biobased matrix materials. Greenpoxy 55 (with a biocontent of 55%) and Super Sap 100 (with a biocontent of 37%) were selected and compared with a standard epoxy resin. Tensile and three-point bending tests were conducted to characterise the hemp-based biocomposite.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Government, Project PID2019-108807RB-I00.Colomer Romero, V.; Rogiest, D.; García Manrique, JA.; Crespo, J. (2020). Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Hemp-Fibre Biocomposites Fabricated with Biobased and Regular Epoxy Resins. Materials. 13(24):1-8. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245720181324Mohanty, A. K., Misra, M., & Hinrichsen, G. (2000). Biofibres, biodegradable polymers and biocomposites: An overview. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 276-277(1), 1-24. doi:10.1002/(sici)1439-2054(20000301)276:13.0.co;2-wLa Mantia, F. P., & Morreale, M. (2011). Green composites: A brief review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 42(6), 579-588. doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.01.017Hansen, O., Habermann, C., & Endres, H.-J. (2019). BIO-BASED MATERIALS FOR EXTERIOR APPLICATIONS – PROJECT BIOHYBRIDCAR. Zukunftstechnologien für den multifunktionalen Leichtbau, 189-200. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-58206-0_18Gholampour, A., & Ozbakkaloglu, T. (2019). A review of natural fiber composites: properties, modification and processing techniques, characterization, applications. Journal of Materials Science, 55(3), 829-892. doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03990-yPatil, N. V., Rahman, M. M., & Netravali, A. N. (2017). «Green» composites using bioresins from agro‐wastes and modified sisal fibers. Polymer Composites, 40(1), 99-108. doi:10.1002/pc.24607Verma, D., & Senal, I. (2019). Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Biomass, Biopolymer-Based Materials, and Bioenergy, 103-122. doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102426-3.00006-0Adekomaya, O. (2020). Adaption of green composite in automotive part replacements: discussions on material modification and future patronage. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(8), 8807-8813. doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07557-xKim, Y. K., & Chalivendra, V. (2020). Natural fibre composites (NFCs) for construction and automotive industries. Handbook of Natural Fibres, 469-498. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818782-1.00014-6Potluri, R., & Chaitanya Krishna, N. (2020). Potential and Applications of Green Composites in Industrial Space. Materials Today: Proceedings, 22, 2041-2048. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.218Mann, G. S., Singh, L. P., Kumar, P., & Singh, S. (2018). Green composites: A review of processing technologies and recent applications. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 33(8), 1145-1171. doi:10.1177/0892705718816354Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3039https://www.pecepoxy.co.uk/data-sheets/TDS_100_1000_v4.pdfhttp://www.matrix-composites.co.uk/prod-data-sheet/old/greenpoxy-55-ft-uk.pdfCzłonka, S., Strąkowska, A., & Kairytė, A. (2020). The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams. Materials, 13(21), 4709. doi:10.3390/ma13214709Madhu, P., Mavinkere Rangappa, S., Khan, A., Al Otaibi, A., Al‐Zahrani, S. A., Pradeep, S., … Siengchin, S. (2020). Experimental investigation on the mechanical and morphological behavior of Prosopis juliflora bark fibers/E‐glass/carbon fabrics reinforced hybrid polymeric composites for structural applications. Polymer Composites, 41(12), 4983-4993. doi:10.1002/pc.2576

Implementation of Project-Based Learning at a Multidisciplinary Level of the Specialization in Design and Manufacture of Machines and Prototypes in the Degree of Mechanical Engineering

[EN] Since the implementation of the Bologna Process, universities have been incorporating into the European Higher Education Area, adapting and unifying educational criteria for all the European centers. Although mobility and bilingualism have been clearly promoted in universities by increasing performance in certain areas, it is necessary to improve other areas such as the implementation of novel active learning methodologies to promote deep learning. For this reason, Universitat Politècnica de València is putting faith in the implementation of active methodologies that integrate the development and acquisition of competences making the students the center of the learning-teaching process. Moreover, the lack of coordination among different subjects of the specialization in design and manufacture of machines and prototypes in the degree of Mechanical Engineering, is another important issue to be considered as it makes students to find difficulties in solving real problems. In light of all these identified difficulties, the objective of this work is to design a project-based learning (PBL) model among the different subjects of the aforementioned specialization. The use of PBL will make students to actively participate in higher-level of cognitive processes. The most important premise when designing the project, in this case a gearbox casing, is the multidisciplinary aspects as the same project will have continuity and will cover different contents throughout the different subjects in the specialization. The methodology used for defining and implementing the PBL model consists of: (i) the identification of the current main difficulties; (ii) the definition of the PBL model; (iii) the identification of the necessary contents per subject to be applied in the solving process of the PBL model; and (iv) the evaluation/assessment of the PBL model implementation. Finally, both the project and the different activities to be carried out in the different subjects involved in the PBL model are presented. In addition, the results obtained through a satisfaction survey performed by the students to collect their opinion will be also analysed to provide feedback for further improvement of the PBL model.This article has been supported by Universitat Politècnica de València, particularly by the Vice-rectorate for Digital Resources and Documentation (Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación) and Vice-Rectorate for Studies, Quality and Accreditation (Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación) under the Call for Learning + Teaching (Convocatoria A+D2019: Aprendizaje + Docencia. Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa) and Project Code: A157. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Institute of Educational Sciences (Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación), the Evaluation and Monitoring Commission for Educational Innovation and Improvement Projects (Comisión de Evaluación y Seguimiento de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (CESPIME) and Escuela Politécnica Superior de AlcoyMontava-Jorda, S.; Colomer Romero, V.; Martínez Sanz, AV.; Reig-Pérez, MJ.; López Esteve, FM. (2021). Implementation of Project-Based Learning at a Multidisciplinary Level of the Specialization in Design and Manufacture of Machines and Prototypes in the Degree of Mechanical Engineering. EDULEARN Proceedings (Internet). 7477-7483. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.1518S7477748

Improving energy efficiency in new trawlers fishing gear in Mediterranean sea

The objective of this work is to show the benefits of a new eco-systemic fishing gear installed in three bottom trawlers after one year using it. The study has been based on fuel consumption reduction for the three vessels and the catch in two of them. The new system minimizes the impact of the fishing gear on the seabed, with a reduction on the tow resistance. This generates significant fuel savings that improves the economical result of the fishery, helping the ship owners in the return of investment first, then in the future viability of the operation. Apart of the evident savings due to the fuel consumption reduction, in the long term, the ship owner will notice also savings on maintenance, both because the winches are towing with less tension (longer life for warps, brakes and hydraulic system) and the engine is running at low rpm s (longer life of the engine and between breakdowns). The new fishing gear does not require any modification on the way that the fisherman is working, only replacing and/or modifying some parts or components of the fishing gear. The implementation is easy and the adjustments required could be done in a couple of days.Mayans Fernández, A.; Martinez Soler, I.; Martínez Sanz, AV.; Colomer Romero, V. (2015). Improving energy efficiency in new trawlers fishing gear in Mediterranean sea. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering. 5(1):20-25. doi:10.17265/2159-5879/2015.01.003S20255

Implantación de la docencia inversa en las prácticas de la asignatura “Teoría y Diseño de Máquinas”

[ES] En el presente trabajo se presentan tanto la iniciativa como los resultados de la puesta en marcha de la docencia inversa en las prácticas de la asignatura Teoría y Diseño de Máquinas impartida en el 3º curso del Grado de Ingeniería Mecánica. Desde el curso académico 2014-2015 la UPV se está impulsando la implantación de esta metodología con el objetivo de mejorar el aprendizaje por parte de los alumnos y este ha sido la principal finalidad de este trabajo. Este tipo de metodología supone una mayor implicación y compromiso tanto de los profesores como de los alumnos debiendo adoptar estos últimos un rol más activo y participativo. El resultado de la implantación de esta iniciativa ha sido positiva por parte del profesorado dado que a pesar de haber tenido que haber dedicar una dedicación extra para la elaboración del material que la metodología exigía los resultados académicos han mejorado, aunque por parte del alumnado la sensación no ha sido tan buena puesto que la mayoría ha visto una carga de trabajo excesiva además de las dificultades que implican los cambios de metodologías.[EN] In this work both the initiative and the results of the implementation of flipped classroom in the practices of the course Theory and Design of Machines given in the 3rd year of the Mechanical Engineering Degree are presented. Since the 2014-2015 academic year, the UPV has been promoting the implementation of this methodology with the aim of improving learning by students and this has been the main purpose of this work. This type of methodology implies a greater involvement and commitment of both teachers and students, and the latter must adopt a more active and participatory role. The result of the implementation of this initiative has been positive on the part of the teaching staff given that despite having had to dedicate extra dedication to the elaboration of the material that the methodology demanded, the academic results have improved, although on the part of the students the feeling It has not been as good as most have seen an excessive workload in addition to the difficulties involved in changing methodologiesMontava Jordà, S.; Sánchez Caballero, S.; Sánchez Caballero, S.; Sellés Cantó, MÁ.; Martínez Sanz, AV.; Colomer Romero, V. (2021). Implantación de la docencia inversa en las prácticas de la asignatura “Teoría y Diseño de Máquinas”. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 155-169. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2020.2020.12022OCS15516

Enhancing STEM Education through Interactive Metaverses: A Case Study and Methodological Framework

[EN] In recent years, the rapid growth of virtual reality has opened up new possibilities for creating immersive virtual worlds known as metaverses. With advancements in technology, such as virtual reality headsets, and the emergence of applications with social interaction, metaverses offer exciting opportunities for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education. This article proposes the integration of metaverses into STEM courses, enabling students to forge connections between different subjects within their curriculum, to leverage current technological advancements, and to revolutionize project presentations and audience interaction. Drawing upon a case study conducted with students enrolled in the ¿Proyectos RII 1: Organización y Escenarios¿ course at the Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy of the Technical University of Valencia (Spain), this article provides a comprehensive description of the methodology employed by the students and professors. It outlines the process followed, shedding light on the innovative use of metaverses in their projects. Moreover, the article shares valuable insights obtained through surveys and personal opinions gathered from students throughout the course and upon its completion. By exploring the intersection of metaverses and STEM education, this study showcases the transformative potential of integrating interactive virtual environments. Furthermore, this work highlights the benefits of increased student engagement, motivation, and collaboration, as well as the novel ways in which projects can be presented and interactions with audiences can be redefined.This research was funded by the Spanish Government (Grant PID2020-117421RB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)Solanes, JE.; Montava-Jordà, S.; Golf Laville, EJ.; Colomer-Romero, V.; Gracia Calandin, LI.; Muñoz García, A. (2023). Enhancing STEM Education through Interactive Metaverses: A Case Study and Methodological Framework. Applied Sciences. 13(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910785131

SiO

This paper presents and discusses the final data set of a long-term and short-spaced monitoring of 21 SiO maser sources, mostly evolved stars, carried out in two SiO maser lines at 43 GHz with the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional 13.7 m telescope at the Centro Astronómico de Yebes (Guadalajara, Spain). In most objects, more than 80 spectra per transition over a period of 11 years have been recorded. The new data presented here, previously unpublished, represent nearly 50% of the total SiO data collected in the project. In addition, the availability of optical light curves from the AAVSO for most of the objects during the whole period of the SiO monitoring, ground-based near-IR data for four sources overlapping with 3 to 5 observed SiO periods, and DIRBE near-IR data covering a significant portion of an SiO period in 10 sources, make this data set a unique reference for comparing optical, NIR and SiO variability in order to elucidate the physical mechanisms that pump SiO masers in evolved stars. The basis for the conclusions obtained in this work comes from a numerical time series analysis of the suitable SiO, optical and NIR light curves in regular variables to obtain precise values of the periods and phase lags between the different curves. This analysis shows evidence that in regular variable evolved stars the three types of emission have the same period and that the SiO maxima happen in phase with NIR maxima and with a phase lag typically between 0.05 and 0.20 with respect to optical maxima. We conclude that in these objects the observational evidence presented in this work favors the radiative pumping of SiO masers against the collisional pumping.

Six years of short-spaced monitoring of the

We present the results from a monitoring of the $v=1$ and $v=2$, $J=1{-}0$ 28SiO maser emission in 21 objects, covering all types of known SiO maser emitters: 13 Mira variables, 2 long period semi regu lars (SRGs), 3 variable super giants (SGs), 2 OH/IR stars, and one young stellar object. This study has been carried out with the 13.7 meter radiotelescope of the Centro Astronómico de Yebes (Guadalajara, Spain), from July 1984 to May 1990, and represents the longest and most tightly sampled monitoring of SiO masers ever published. Our data show that for Mira-type (i.e. regular) variables, the SiO and optical light curves agree in period, and that the maxima of the SiO emission lag the optical ones by about 0.1-0.2 periods. Since a similar lag characterizes the near infrared (NIR) emission variability from these stars, we conclude that for regular variables SiO and NIR vary in phase. This result was confirmed in three objects for which NIR variability curves are available. For SRGs and SGs, we found a less systematic behavior, but when the SiO emission is periodic, its variability curve agrees with the optical one, also showing a lag between maximum epochs similar to that of Mira-type stars. The data clearly reveal other interesting details on the SiO maser variability, such as the strong intensity differences between different maxima and changes in the velocity distribution of the emission. Finally, the SiO masers associated to the young stellar object Orion IRc2 showed a double peaked spectrum with low amplitude, aperiodic variations

The Potential for a Ka-band Worldwide VLBI Network

No abstract availabl