A study of materials used for muon chambers at the CMS Experiment at the LHC: interaction with gas, new materials and new technologies for detector upgrade

This thesis lays its foundation in both technological and theoretical stud- ies carried out between several aspects of applied engineering. There are several original contributions within the material science. The first is the detailed studies about the CMS RPC gas filters, which required an intense 3 years data-taking and ended up with a complete characterization of purifier materials. On top of this a stable ad − hoc setup (GGM) has been devel- oped for the CMS Experiment in order to monitor the RPC muon chamber working point. Finally a complete new detector has been designed, build and tested using new technology and new electronics establishing the word’s record in size for this kind of detector, which is taken under consideration for the upgrade of the high-η region of the CMS Experiment

SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING FOOD CONSUMPTION AND WASTE

The present invention relates to monitoring, analyzing, and giving feed- back based on food consumption and waste, specifically (but not exclusively) that of consumers in a cafeteria/dining hall setting. It can be used to observe and address overall trends as well as individual behaviors

Construction and Performance of Large-Area Triple-GEM Prototypes for Future Upgrades of the CMS Forward Muon System

At present, part of the forward RPC muon system of the CMS detector at the CERN LHC remains uninstrumented in the high-\eta region. An international collaboration is investigating the possibility of covering the 1.6 < |\eta| < 2.4 region of the muon endcaps with large-area triple-GEM detectors. Given their good spatial resolution, high rate capability, and radiation hardness, these micro-pattern gas detectors are an appealing option for simultaneously enhancing muon tracking and triggering capabilities in a future upgrade of the CMS detector. A general overview of this feasibility study will be presented. The design and construction of small (10\times10 cm2) and full-size trapezoidal (1\times0.5 m2) triple-GEM prototypes will be described. During detector assembly, different techniques for stretching the GEM foils were tested. Results from measurements with x-rays and from test beam campaigns at the CERN SPS will be shown for the small and large prototypes. Preliminary simulation studies on the expected muon reconstruction and trigger performances of this proposed upgraded muon system will be reported.Comment: 7 pages, 25 figures, submitted for publication in conference record of the 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Valencia, Spai

Low-mass GEM detector with radial zigzag readout strips for forward tracking at the EIC

We present design and construction of a large low-mass Triple-GEM detector prototype for forward tracking at a future Electron-Ion Collider. In this environment, multiple scattering of forward and backward tracks must be minimized so that electron tracks can be cleanly matched to calorimeter clusters and so that hadron tracks can efficiently seed RICH ring reconstruction for particle identification. Consequently, the material budget for the forward tracking detectors is critical. The construction of the detector builds on the mechanical foil stretching and assembly technique pioneered by CMS for the muon endcap GEM upgrade. As an innovation, this detector implements drift and readout electrodes on thin large foils instead of on PCBs. These foils get stretched mechanically together with three GEM foils in a single stack. This reduces the radiation length of the total detector material in the active area by a factor seven from over 4% to below 0.6%. It also aims at improving the uniformity of drift and induction gap sizes across the detector and consequently signal response uniformity. Thin outer frames custom-made from carbon-fiber composite material take up the tension from the stretched foil stack and provide detector rigidity while keeping the detector mass low. The gas volume is closed with thin aluminized polyimide foils. The trapezoidal detector covers an azimuthal angle of 30.1 degrees and a radius from 8 cm to 90 cm. It is read out with radial zigzag strips with pitches of 1.37 mrad at the outer radius and 4.14 mrad at the inner radius that reduce the number of required electronics channels and associated cost while maintaining good spatial resolution. All front-end readout electronics is located away from the active area at the outer radius of the trapezoid.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figures, submitted to conference record of 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Atlanta, G

Measurement Of The WZ Production Cross Section In pp Collisions At √s=7 And 8 TeV And Search For Anomalous Triple Gauge Couplings At √s=8TeV

The WZ production cross section is measured by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in proton–proton collision data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.9fb-1 collected at s=7TeV, and 19.6fb-1 at s=8TeV. The measurements are performed using the fully-leptonic WZ decay modes with electrons and muons in the final state. The measured cross sections for 7

Search for anomalous couplings in boosted WW/WZ→ℓνqq‾ production in proton–proton collisions at √s=8TeV

This Letter presents a search for new physics manifested as anomalous triple gauge boson couplings in WW and WZ diboson production in proton–proton collisions. The search is performed using events containing a W boson that decays leptonically and a W or Z boson whose decay products are merged into a single reconstructed jet. The data, collected at s=8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19 fb−1. No evidence for anomalous triple gauge couplings is found and the following 95% confidence level limits are set on their values: λ ([−0.011,0.011]), Δκγ ([−0.044,0.063]), and Δg1 Z ([−0.0087,0.024]). These limits are also translated into their effective field theory equivalents: cWWW/Λ2 ([−2.7,2.7] TeV−2), cB/Λ2 ([−14,17] TeV−2), and cW/Λ2 ([−2.0,5.7] TeV−2)

Search For Heavy Resonances Decaying To Tau Lepton Pairs In Proton-Proton Collisions At √s=13 TeV

A search for heavy resonances that decay to tau lepton pairs is performed using proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb−1. The observations are in agreement with standard model predictions. An upper limit at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction into tau lepton pairs is calculated as a function of the resonance mass. For the sequential standard model, the presence of Z′ bosons decaying into tau lepton pairs is excluded for Z′ masses below 2.1 TeV, extending previous limits for this final state. For the topcolor-assisted technicolor model, which predicts Z′ bosons that preferentially couple to third-generation fermions, Z′ masses below 1.7 TeV are excluded, representing the most stringent limit to date

Searches For W′ Bosons Decaying To A Top Quark And A Bottom Quark In Proton-Proton Collisions At 13 TeV

Searches are presented for heavy gauge bosons decaying into a top and a bottom quark in data collected by the CMS experiment at s=13 TeV that correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 and 2.6 fb−1 in the leptonic and hadronic analyses, respectively. Two final states are analyzed, one containing a single electron, or muon, and missing transverse momentum, and the other containing multiple jets and no electrons or muons. No evidence is found for a right-handed W′ boson (W′R) and the combined analyses exclude at 95% confidence level W′R with masses below 2.4 TeV if MW′R≫MνR (mass of the right-handed neutrino), and below 2.6 TeV if MW′

Measurement Of The Transverse Momentum Spectrum Of The Higgs Boson Produced In pp Collisions At √s=8 TeV Using H → WW Decays

The cross section for Higgs boson production in pp collisions is studied using the H → W+W− decay mode, followed by leptonic decays of the W bosons to an oppositely charged electron-muon pair in the final state. The measurements are performed using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.4 fb−1. The Higgs boson transverse momentum (pT) is reconstructed using the lepton pair pT and missing pT. The differential cross section times branching fraction is measured as a function of the Higgs boson pT in a fiducial phase space defined to match the experimental acceptance in terms of the lepton kinematics and event topology. The production cross section times branching fraction in the fiducial phase space is measured to be 39 ± 8 (stat) ± 9 (syst) fb. The measurements are found to agree, within experimental uncertainties, with theoretical calculations based on the standard model