Stable vortex solitons sustained by a localized gain in the cubic medium

We propose a simple dissipative system with purely cubic defocusing nonlinearity and nonuniform linear gain that can support stable local-ized dissipative vortex solitons with high topological charges without the utilization of competing nonlinearities and nonlinear gain or losses. Localization of such solitons is achieved due to an intriguing mechanism when defocusing nonlinearity stimulates energy flow from the ring-like region with linear gain to the periphery of the medium where energy is absorbed due to linear background losses. Vortex solitons bifurcate from linear gain-guided vortical modes with eigenvalues depending on topological charges that become purely real only at specific gain amplitudes. Increasing gain amplitude leads to transverse expansion of vortex solitons, but simultaneously it usually also leads to stability enhance-ment. Increasing background losses allows creation of stable vortex solitons with high topological charges that are usually prone to instabilities in conservative and dissipative systems. Propagation of the perturbed unstable vortex solitons in this system reveals unusual dynamical re-gimes, when instead of decay or breakup, the initial state transforms into stable vortex soliton with lower or sometimes even with higher topo-logical charge. Our results suggest an efficient mechanism for the formation of nonlinear excited vortex-carrying states with suppressed destructive azimuthal modulational instabilities in a simple setting relevant to a wide class of systems, including polaritonic systems, structured microcavities, and lasers

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Factors associated with spontaneous abortion: a cross-sectional study of Chinese populations

The odds ratio of spontaneous abortion associated different socioeconomic status, by rural. (DOCX 14 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Factors associated with spontaneous abortion: a cross-sectional study of Chinese populations

The odds ratio of spontaneous abortion associated different socioeconomic status, by urban. (DOCX 14 kb

Datasheet1_Reproductive factors and cardiometabolic disease among middle-aged and older women: a nationwide study from CHARLS.docx

BackgroundCardiometabolic disease is skyrocketing to epidemic proportions due to the high prevalence of its components and the aging of the worldwide population. More efforts are needed to improve cardiometabolic health. The aim of this nationally representative study based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2014–2018) was to examine the association between reproductive factors and cardiometabolic disease among Chinese women aged ≥45 years.MethodsThe CHARLS is an ongoing longitudinal study initiated in 2011, and the latest follow-up was completed in 2018. In total, 6,407 participants were analyzed. Effect-sizes are expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Confounding was considered from statistical adjustment, subsidiary exploration, and unmeasured confounding assessment aspects.ResultsOf 6,407 accessible participants, 60.9% were recorded as having one or more of five predefined cardiovascular or metabolic disorders. Compared to those with two children, participants who had 0–1 child were found to have a lower risk of cardiometabolic disease (OR = 0.844, 95% CI: 0.714–0.998), and those who had ≥3 children had a greater risk (OR = 1.181, 95% CI: 1.027–1.357). Age at menarche of 16–18 years was a protective factor compared with ≤16 years of age (OR = 0.858, 95% CI: 0.749–0.982). In contrast, participants with a history of abortion were 1.212 times more likely to have cardiometabolic disorders (OR = 1.212, 95% CI: 1.006–1.465). The likelihood for the presence of unmeasured confounding was low, as reflected by E-values.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that number of children, age at menarche, and history of abortion were associated with a significant risk of cardiometabolic disease among Chinese women aged ≥45 years.</p

Coupling Hollow Fe₃O₄–Fe Nanoparticles with Graphene Sheets for High-Performance Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Material

We developed a strategy for coupling hollow Fe₃O₄–Fe nanoparticles with graphene sheets for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing material. The hollow Fe₃O₄–Fe nanoparticles with average diameter and shell thickness of 20 and 8 nm, respectively, were uniformly anchored on the graphene sheets without obvious aggregation. The minimal reflection loss <i>R</i>_L values of the composite could reach −30 dB at the absorber thickness ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 mm, greatly superior to the solid Fe₃O₄–Fe/G composite and most magnetic EM wave absorbing materials recently reported. Moreover, the addition amount of the composite into paraffin matrix was only 18 wt %

Construction and evaluation of a high-density SNP array for the Pacific oyster (<i>Crassostrea gigas</i>)

<div><p>Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely used in genetics and genomics research. The Pacific oyster (<i>Crassostrea gigas</i>) is an economically and ecologically important marine bivalve, and it possesses one of the highest levels of genomic DNA variation among animal species. Pacific oyster SNPs have been extensively investigated; however, the mechanisms by which these SNPs may be used in a high-throughput, transferable, and economical manner remain to be elucidated. Here, we constructed an oyster 190K SNP array using Affymetrix Axiom genotyping technology. We designed 190,420 SNPs on the chip; these SNPs were selected from 54 million SNPs identified through re-sequencing of 472 Pacific oysters collected in China, Japan, Korea, and Canada. Our genotyping results indicated that 133,984 (70.4%) SNPs were polymorphic and successfully converted on the chip. The SNPs were distributed evenly throughout the oyster genome, located in 3,595 scaffolds with a length of ~509.4 million; the average interval spacing was 4,210 bp. In addition, 111,158 SNPs were distributed in 21,050 coding genes, with an average of 5.3 SNPs per gene. In comparison with genotypes obtained through re-sequencing, ~69% of the converted SNPs had a concordance rate of >0.971; the mean concordance rate was 0.966. Evaluation based on genotypes of full-sib family individuals revealed that the average genotyping accuracy rate was 0.975. Carrying 133 K polymorphic SNPs, our oyster 190K SNP array is the first commercially available high-density SNP chip for mollusks, with the highest throughput. It represents a valuable tool for oyster genome-wide association studies, fine linkage mapping, and population genetics.</p></div

Characterization of a putative ArsR transcriptional regulator encoded by <i>Rv2642</i> from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

Characterization of a putative ArsR transcriptional regulator encoded by <i>Rv2642</i> from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i