Long distance travel ‘today’

This paper presents an overview of the Dane’s long distance travel. It is a part of the Drivers and Limits project about long distance travel. Long distance travel is in the project defined as infrequent travel with overnight stay. Danes 15-85 years-old travel in average 5.5 long distance travel per year og which a third is for international destinations, a third is for domestic second homes and a third are other domestic trips. However, 87% of the kilometres are for international destinations and only 4% are for domestic second homes. Travel activity is very uneven distributed with only half of the population having had a journey during the last three month. At the other hand 60% have travelled internationally during the last year and only 2% have never travelled abroad. The paper presents among other things how the travel activity is distributed on travel purpose and mode and how the mode choice depends on travel distance and destination

Environmental Impact of Long Distance Travel

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the CO2 emission resulting from long distance travel by Danes. The emissions are analysed as the Danes’ footprint the whole way from Denmark to the final destination. International travel represents 31% of the Danes’ CO2 emission from passenger travel and the climate burden from long overseas distances is especially high even though only few travel overseas. The travel activity is furthermore increasing much more for long distances than for European destinations. Domestic travel activity with overnight stay is nearly stagnating. The study furthermore shows that the Danish development is not especially outstanding compared to other countries

Possible explanations for an increasing share of no-trip respondents

This paper discusses changes in the methodology of The Danish National Travel Survey (DNTS) that could explain some puzzling survey results, such as a 60% increase in the zero trip rate. The DNTS was a continuous survey conducted in the period 1992-2003. In 1998 an unexpected drop in kilometres and number of trips per person was observed, and further discrepancies emerged in the following years until the beginning of 2002. The paper presents an analysis of the changes in the zero trip rate over two periods, from 1997 to 1998 and from 1998 to 2001. For both periods, the explanation is sought in the data collection methodology and not in the changed behaviour of the respondents. The paper shows how sensitive continuous travel surveys are to even minor changes in methodology. It pinpoints the importance of maintaining strictly consistent calling times throughout the week and day. The analysis of the possible explanations for the substantial increase in the zero trip rate shows that the main reason is related to interviewer performance. The importance of keeping a continuous check on interview quality and results cannot be emphasised strongly enough. Furthermore the paper illustrates how the zero trip rate depends on soft refusals and making interviews on cell phones

Ny metode til at indsamle interviewdata om rejser med overnatning: Considerations on a method to analyse long distance travel when collecting only data about the two latest journeys

The purpose of the paper is to present alternative methods to reduce the cost of long distance travel surveys in the hope that it should be more economically feasible to conduct such surveys regularly. A new Danish survey about journeys abroad with overnight stay(s) is used to investigate if it is possible to collect long distance travel data by only asking for information about the two latest journeys. It is shown that the time gap between the latest journey and the journey before this can be used to estimate a survival function for the probability to travel after a certain date. From this the annual number of journeys is calculated and a weight is extracted dependent on the time gap between two journeys. It is shown how these weights can be used as multipliers for calculating among others the annual travel distance, travel purpose and mode. The results are compared with a survey from 2010-11 Different kind of strengths and weaknesses compared to a traditional retrospective long distance travel survey are discussed, especially the memory effect. It is shown that the alternative methodology more than doubles the number of reported journeys compared to a retrospective survey reporting journeys during 3 months. Finally, the paper includes some recommendations on the questionnaire and the data collection process

Crisis management plan characteristics in elementary schools as perceived by Nebraska public school principals

The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of crisis management plans and their elements as perceived by Nebraska elementary school principals. Data were collected by using a survey instrument sent to a stratified random sample of 300 Nebraska elementary school principals. The sample was delineated by school district size, small, medium, and large. The survey, which included 21 questions, was designed to analyze the extent to which crisis management plans were in place. A total of 188 surveys were returned for a return rate of 63%