STS Marker Associated with Iron Toxicity Tolerance in Rice

Iron (Fe) toxicity is one of the limiting factors for rice growth and production in paddy fields. The use of iron tolerant varieties is one of the most efficient way to solve this problems. Identification of molecular markers linked to the trait is very important to develop marker-assisted selection (MAS) to obtain tolerant lines. The objective of this study was to identify sequence tagged sites (STS) markers associated with iron tolerance trait in double haploid rice population. Forty-five double haploid lines derived from reciprocal double crossing, i.e. IR54/Parekaligolara//Bio110/ Markuti, were phenotypically screened in high Fe wetland rice field at Taman Bogo Experimental Station, Lampung. Molecular analysis performed using STS markers. The results of the association between the genetic and phenotypic analysis showed that there were three markers, i.e. OsIRT1, OsIRT2, and OsFRO2, associated with iron tolerance trait in rice. The markers have potential as selection markers for iron toxicity tolerant lines

Induction of Polyploid Banana Kepok Through in Vitro Addition of Flame Lily Extract

Flame lily (Gloriosa superba L.) contains colchicine and gloriosin in almost all parts of the plant, especially in tubers and seeds. Colchicine is often used in biological and breeding studies to induce mutations that result in polyploid plants. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of flame lily tuber extract as a natural mutagen for the development of superior kepok banana cultivars through the in vitro assembly of polyploid kapok bananas. The study was arranged completely randomly with two factors. Factor 1 consisted of 3 levels, namely fresh extract of breech flower tubers (10 %), pure colchicine solution (0.1%) as a positive control, and without being added (0%) as a negative control. Factor 2 consists of 3 levels, namely Kepok Abu, Kepok Batu and Kepok Kuning. All treatment combinations were repeated 5 times. The data were analyzed by Diversity Test (Sidik Ragam) and if there is a difference, it will be continued with the DMRT test at a level of 5%. The results showed that the administration of colchicine in culture media could induce the emergence of polyploid banana plantlets when viewed from the addition of the size of the number of shoots, shoot length, number of roots, root length, leaf area, epidermal cells, stomata, and decreased stomata index. Meanwhile, 10% breech flower tuber extract was not able to induce the emergence of polyploid plantlets. Kepok Kuning bananas had a better response to mutagens than Kepok Abu and Kepok Batu. From these results, it can be concluded that 0.1% colchicine was able to induce polyploid banana plantlets and 10% breech flower tuber extract was not able to induce polyploid plantlets

THE RESISTANCE OF CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.) FROM SEEDS INDUCED BY 0.2 mT MAGNETIC FIELD AND INFECTED BY Fusarium oxysporum

Red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most widely cultivated commodities in Indonesia. However, until now the production was never covering the public’s demand. Red chili pepper plants are susceptible to disease caused by the infection of Fusarium oxyporum (Fox) fungi, causing a decrease in plants’ production. Fungicide usage to control Fox can cause plants’ resistance to the pathogen. The eco-friendly way to control Fox could be achieved by utilizing a magnetic field. This research arranged using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the combination between 0,2 mT magnetic field induction and Fox infection consist of control (M0); 0,2 mT magnetic field induction for 7 minutes and 48 seconds (M7); and 15 minutes and 36 minutes (M15); as well as seed infection with Fusarium oxyporum that consist of control without infection (F0) and infected for 60 minutes (F60). Each test unit was repeated 5 times. 

Resistance of Red Curly Chili (Capsicum Annuum L.) Sprouts to Fusarium Oxysporum Infection From Seeds Induced by 0.2 Mt

Curly red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is widely used as industrial raw material because it has a spicy taste. The increasing demand for Chili is not balanced with the level of production. Chilies are susceptible to disease, one of which is fusarium wilt. The magnetic field affected the physical and chemical properties of water so that it increased peroxidase enzyme activity and plant metabolism. This research was aim to know the protective effect seeds induced by 0.2 mT Magnetic Fiel had given to red curly Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) sprouts to Fusarium oxysporum infection. This study was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments consisting of M0F0 (control), M7F0, M7F60, M15F0, M15F60. M0 is a seed not induced by a magnetic field; M7 is seed induced by magnetic field 7 minutes 48 seconds, M15 is seed induced by magnetic field 15 minutes 36 seconds, F0 is sprouted not infected with F. oxysporum and F60 is sprouts infected with F. oxysporum for 60 minutes. Each unit is repeated 5 times. The results of the ANOVA showed that exposure to a magnetic field had a significant effect on increasing plant height at 21, 28, and 35 days after planting (HST); the wet and dry weight of 7 days old plants; and the content of chlorophyll a, b, and total before flowering 21 days after planting. Overall, the 0.2 mT magnetic field treatment for 7 minutes 48 seconds tended to give better results to increase the growth of Chili plants against F. oxysporum infection

BIOTEKNOLOGI

Bioteknologi merupakan cabang ilmu biologi yang mempelajari pemanfaatan makhluk hidup (bakteri, fungi, virus, dan lain-lain) maupun produk dari makhluk hidup (enzim, alkohol, antibiotik, asam organik) dalam proses produksi untuk menghasilkan barang dan jasa yang dapat digunakan oleh manusia. Dewasa ini, perkembangan bioteknologi tidak hanya didasari pada biologi semata, tetapi juga pada ilmu-ilmu terapan dan murni lainnya, seperti biokimia, komputer, biologi molekular, mikrobiologi, genetika, kimia, matematika, dan lain sebagainya. Dengan kata lain, bioteknologi adalah ilmu terapan yang menggabungkan berbagai cabang ilmu dalam proses produksi barang dan jasa