Supplementary document for Learned digital lens enabled single optics achromatic imaging - 6220850.pdf

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Characteristics of patients in the included studies.

<p>Characteristics of patients in the included studies.</p

Meta-analysis of studies reporting an effect of resveratrol supplementation on bilirubin and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) levels using a fixed-effects model.

<p>The upper section indicates bilirubin levels and the lower section reveals TNF-α levels. CI indicates confidence interval.</p

Flowchart of study inclusions and exclusions.

<p>Flowchart of study inclusions and exclusions.</p

Meta-analysis of studies reporting an effect of resveratrol supplementation on lipid metabolic parameters (total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein) using a fixed-effects model.

<p>CI indicates confidence interval.</p

Meta-analysis with studies reporting effect of resveratrol supplementation on anthropometric index (BMI, body mass index) and clinical parameters (SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure) using a fixed-effects model.

<p>CI indicates confidence interval.</p

Meta-analysis of studies reporting an effect of resveratrol supplementation on glucose metabolic parameters (glucose; insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) using a random-effects model.

<p>CI indicates confidence interval.</p

Meta-analysis of studies reporting an effect of resveratrol supplementation on levels of liver enzymes (ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GTT, γ-glutamyltransferase) using a fixed-effects model.

<p>CI indicates confidence interval.</p

Alternative Carrier Injection/Extraction Inspired by Electrode Interlayers Based on Peripheral Modification of the Electron-Rich Skeleton

Peripheral modifications of the electron-rich trifluorene-substituted triphenylamine core have been comparatively studied through the linkage of the different polar pendants with fluorene via saturated sp³ hybrid alkyl chains. The work function of electrode could be effectively tuned by the interlayers with or without peripheral pendants of phosphoric acid and phosphonate groups to give selective hole and electron injection/extraction property. Their applications in various vacuum- and solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes and photovoltaic devices were thoroughly investigated. The current comparative study provides valuable exploration on developing high-performance environmentally friendly solvent-processed electrode interlayer materials

The fungal pathogen <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> suppresses innate immunity by modulating a host potassium channel

<div><p>Potassium (K⁺) is required by plants for growth and development, and also contributes to immunity against pathogens. However, it has not been established whether pathogens modulate host K⁺ signaling pathways to enhance virulence and subvert host immunity. Here, we show that the effector protein AvrPiz-t from the rice blast pathogen <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> targets a K⁺ channel to subvert plant immunity. AvrPiz-t interacts with the rice plasma-membrane-localized K⁺ channel protein OsAKT1 and specifically suppresses the OsAKT1-mediated K⁺ currents. Genetic and phenotypic analyses show that loss of <i>OsAKT1</i> leads to decreased K⁺ content and reduced resistance against <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i>. Strikingly, AvrPiz-t interferes with the association of OsAKT1 with its upstream regulator, the cytoplasmic kinase OsCIPK23, which also plays a positive role in K⁺ absorption and resistance to <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i>. Furthermore, we show a direct correlation between blast disease resistance and external K⁺ status in rice plants. Together, our data present a novel mechanism by which a pathogen suppresses plant host immunity by modulating a host K⁺ channel.</p></div