Baseline characteristics of the study population by the median of creatinine level.

Baseline characteristics of the study population by the median of creatinine level.</p

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for 30-day mortality by albumin and BMI in the eICU dataset.

The low-creatinine group had a higher 30-day mortality rate in four groups. (PNG)</p

Box plot of nonrenal SOFA score between fluid-overloaded patients with low creatinine (Cr < 4 mg/dL) and with high creatinine (Cr ≥ 4 mg/dL) in the MIMIC dataset.

The low-creatinine (Cr Kruskal–Wallis test, P (PNG)</p

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for 30-day mortality in patients with or without fluid overload in the eICU dataset.

A. The unadjusted 30-day mortality rate increased in the fluid-overloaded group. B. In patients with fluid overload, the low-creatinine (Cr < 4 mg/dL) group was associated with worse survival. C. In low-creatinine group, fluid-overloaded patients were associated with worse survival.</p

Box plot of nonrenal SOFA score between the low-creatinine (Cr < 4 mg/dL) group and the high-creatinine (Cr ≥ 4 mg/dL) group in fluid-overloaded patients.

The low-creatinine (Cr Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.0001).</p

Percentages of missing data.

(DOCX)</p

Box plots of SOFA and nonrenal SOFA scores between patients with low creatinine (Cr < 4 mg/dL) and with high creatinine (Cr ≥ 4 mg/dL) in the MIMIC dataset.

The low-creatinine (Cr Kruskal–Wallis test, P (PNG)</p

Neural activity in mushroom body αβ neurons is required for normal egg-laying decisions.

<p>(A) Preferential expression of <i>R16A06-GAL4</i> in mushroom body γ neurons (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; R16A06-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (B) Preferential expression of <i>VT30604-GAL4</i> in mushroom body α´β´ neurons (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; VT30604-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (C) Preferential expression of <i>VT49246-GAL4</i> in mushroom body αβ neurons (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; VT49246-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (D) Effects of acute silencing of neuronal activity in different mushroom body neuron subsets on egg-laying decisions. The temperature shift protocols are shown schematically above each graph. Each value represents mean ± SEM (n = 10–25, ***P < 0.001. n.s., not statistically significant). Genotypes were as follows: (1) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+; +/UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1</i>, (2) <i>+/+; R16A06-GAL4/+</i>, (3) <i>+/+; VT30604-GAL4/+</i>, (4) <i>+/+; VT49246-GAL4/+</i>, (5) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+;R16A06-GAL4/UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1</i>, (6) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+;VT30604-GAL4/UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1</i>, and (7) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+;VT49246-GAL4/UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1</i>.</p

Ultrafast and Ultrasensitive Gas Sensors Derived from a Large Fermi-Level Shift in the Schottky Junction with Sieve-Layer Modulation

Gas sensors play an important role in numerous fields, covering a wide range of applications, including intelligent systems and detection of harmful and toxic gases. Even though they have attracted much attention, the response time on the order of seconds to minutes is still very slow. To circumvent the existing problems, here, we provide a seminal attempt with the integration of graphene, semiconductor, and an addition sieve layer forming a nanocomposite gas sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and ultrafast response. The designed sieve layer has a suitable band structure that can serve as a blocking layer to prevent transfer of the charges induced by adsorbed gas molecules into the underlying semiconductor layer. We found that the sensitivity can be reduced to the parts per million level, and the ultrafast response of around 60 ms is unprecedented compared with published graphene-based gas sensors. The achieved high performance can be interpreted well by the large change of the Fermi level of graphene due to its inherent nature of the low density of states and blocking of the sieve layer to prevent charge transfer from graphene to the underlying semiconductor layer. Accordingly, our work is very useful and timely for the development of gas sensors with high performance for practical applications

Expression of <i>amn</i> transgene in DPM neurons reverses the defects of egg-laying decisions in <i>amn</i> mutants.

<p>(A) The expression pattern of <i>C316-GAL4</i> (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). Arrowheads indicate the somata of DPM neurons. The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; C316-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (B) The expression pattern of <i>VT6412-GAL4</i> (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). Arrowheads indicate the somata of DPM neurons. The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; VT64246-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (C) The expression pattern of <i>VT64246-GAL4</i> (green). The brain was immunostained with DLG antibody (red). Arrowheads indicate the somata of DPM neurons. The scale bar represents 50 μm. Genotype was as follow: <i>UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP/+; VT64246-GAL4/UAS-mCD8</i>::<i>GFP</i>. (D) Overexpression of the <i>amn</i> transgene (<i>amn</i>^<i>+</i>) in DPM neurons reversed the deficiency of egg-laying decisions in <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i> background. Each value represents mean ± SEM (n = 22–24, ***P < 0.001, n.s., not statistically significant). Genotypes were as follows: (1) +/+, (2) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i>, (3) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; +/UAS-amn</i>^<i>+</i>, (4) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; C316-GAL4/+</i>, (5) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; VT6412-GAL4/+</i>, (6) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; VT64246-GAL4/+</i>, (7) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; C316-GAL4/UAS-amn</i>^<i>+</i>, (8) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; VT6412-GAL4/UAS-amn</i>^<i>+</i>, and (9) <i>amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>/amn</i>^<i>1</i><i>; +/+; VT64246-GAL4/UAS-amn</i>^<i>+</i>. (E) Effects of acute silencing of neuronal activity in DPM neurons on egg-laying decisions. The schematics of the temperature shift protocols are shown above each graph. Each value represents mean ± SEM (n = 17–26, ***P < 0.001. n.s., not statistically significant). Genotypes were as follows: (1) <i>+/+; VT6412-GAL4/+</i>, (2) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+; UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1/+</i>, and (3) <i>tubP-GAL80</i>^<i>ts</i><i>/+; VT6412-GAL4/UAS-Kir2</i>.<i>1</i>.</p