Egy hazai matematikai felmérés eredményei nemzetközi összehasonlításban

<p><b>Comparisons of the effect of different dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor treatment for 1 year on adjusted mean changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (A) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA</b>_<b>1</b><b>c) (B) in the patients with a low and high hemoglobin glycation index (HGI).</b> Factors included in the analysis of variance statistical model were baseline oral anti-diabetes drugs, age, sex and renal function. VI = vildagliptin (n = 24 in the low HGI and n = 36 in the high HGI groups), LI = linagliptin (n = 33 in the low HGI and n = 31 in the high HGI groups), SA = saxagliptin (n = 45 in low HGI and n = 64 in the high HGI groups), SI = sitagliptin (n = 97 in the low HGI and n = 138 in the high HGI group). Error bars represent 95% confidence interval (CI). p-value for between-group difference. (To convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555)</p

Table1_Associations of Long-Term Physical Activity Trajectories With All-Cause Mortality in a General Population.DOCX

Objectives: We investigated the associations of mean levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and latent LTPA trajectories with all-cause mortality risk.Methods: Trajectories of LTPA were established using group-based trajectory analysis with a latent class growth model in a population-based cohort between 1996 and 2014. A Cox-proportional hazard model was conducted to examine the associations of LTPA quintiles and LTPA trajectories with all-cause mortality.Results: A total of 21,211 participants (age 18–90 years) were analyzed (median follow-up 16.8 years). The study participants were divided into five groups according to percentiles of LTPA (Conclusion: Promotion of maintaining stable LTPA is beneficial for public health and survival.</p

Bioactive phytochemicals from the tubers of <i>Bletilla striata</i> Rchb.f

Thirty-four phytochemicals were isolated from dry tubers of Bletilla striata Rchb.f. The compounds were classified as bibenzyls 1–14, dihydrophenanthrenes 15, 17, 20, 21, phenanthrenes 16, 18, 19, simple benzoids 22–24, a fatty acid 25, glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates 26–32, and glucosyloxybenzyl cinnamates 33, 34. Compounds 1–4, 7, 8, 11, 12, and 16 inhibited melanogenesis (17.96–55.27%) induced by α-MSH in B16F10 cells at 10–40 μM. However, compounds 9, 10, 17, 18, and 21 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against melanomas, with IC50 values of 12–34 μM. Additionally, compounds 15, 17, 19, 20, 23, 31, and 33 reduced the ROS generation induced by H2O2 in HaCaT cells at 6.25–100 μM. In particular, compounds 15, 19, and 20 strongly inhibited ROS generation, with IC50 values of 2.15–9.48 μM. Consequently, compounds 1–4, 7–12, and 15–21 may be the strongest leads to follow in B. striata extract for further research on the skin disorders, hyperpigmentation, melanoma, and ageing.</p

idiom_paper_Online_Data.rar

data for the paper"Does temporal integration occur for unrecognizable words in visual crowding_?"

New <i>ent</i>-kauran diterpene and antioxidant components from the seed of <i>Ipomoea nil</i>

One new ent-kauran diterpene, 7β,16β,17-trihydroxy ent-kauran 19-(6β)-olide (1), along with eight known compounds were isolated from the seed of Ipomoea nil. Isolates caffeoylquinic acid derivatives 5–9 were found for the first time in this species. All structures were identified from various spectroscopic data. trans-Caffeic acid 3, phenylpropanoid 4, and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives 5–9 could inhibit ROS generations induced in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells with IC50 values of 0.94–28.40 μM. Compounds 3 and 5–9 also had DPPH free radical scavenging properties (IC50 values, 14.86–68.27 μM), however, isolate 4 did not show inhibition effect. Generally, I. nil and its secondary metabolites 3–9 could be further applied for oxidative stress damage resulted in skin disorders.</p

Indigodole E from <i>Strobilanthes cusia</i> exhibits anti-IL-17A effect

One new indazole alkaloid, indigodole E (1), was isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Qing Dai prepared from the aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia. The structure of 1 was elucidated by NMR, MS, UV, and IR spectra as well as optical rotation. Additionally, compound 1 could obviously inhibit not only IL-17A protein production at concentrations from 1.25 to 2.5 μg/mL, but also IL-17 gene expression at concentrations from 5.0 to 10.0 μg/mL without cytotoxicity toward Th17 and Jukat cells, respectively. Overall, indazole analogue 1 could be the anti-IL 17 A contributor of Qing Dai in this investigation.</p

The ERP results of Experiment 3.

(a) ERPs for the incongruent (red) and congruent (blue) endings at the representative (for N400) electrode Cz in the uncrowded and crowded conditions. The shaded regions of matching color indicate the ±1 SE between participants. (b) The N400 effect (incongruent minus congruent endings, 400~600ms) in the anterior, central, and posterior regions (averaged across representative electrodes, anterior: F7, F3, Fz, F4, F8; central: T7, C3, Cz, C4, T8; posterior: P7, P3, Pz, P4, P8) in the uncrowded and crowded conditions. The symbols (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01) indicate the significance level of the difference between the congruent and incongruent conditions. The topographic maps of the N400 effect are shown in the left panel.</p

The association between bone density of lumbar spines and different daily protein intake in different renal function

Low protein intake (LPI) has been suggested as a treatment for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, protein intake is essential for bone health. We studied the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2010. Basic variables, metabolic diseases, and bone density of different femoral areas were stratified into four subgroups according to different protein intake (DPI) (that is, 1.2 g/kg/day). Significant differences were found among all lumbar area bone mineral density (BMD) and T-scores (p 1.2 g/day/kg over L2 (relative risk (RR)=1.326, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.062–1.656), subgroup >1.2 g/day/kg over L3 (RR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.057–1.622), subgroup 1.2 g/day/kg over all L spines (RR = 0.333, 95%CI = 1.098–1.618). However, a higher risk of osteoporosis was observed only in the non-CKD group. There was an apparent trend of higher DPI coexisting with lower BMD and T scores in patients with CKD. For osteoporosis (reference:0.8–1.0 g/day/kg), lower (1.2 g/day/kg) was associated with higher risks in the non-CKD group, but not in the CKD group. In the CKD group, LPI for renal protection was safe without threatening L spine bone density and without causing a higher risk of osteoporosis. A low-protein diet should be encouraged in patients with CKD, but protein is essential for bone health. In this study, we showed that a low-protein diet did not affect lumbar bone density. Therefore, in the care of CKD, a low-protein diet is beneficial for renal function and without harm to lumbar bone health.</p

The procedure and results of Experiment 2.

<p>(a) Idioms were presented word by word in the crowded and uncrowded conditions, with a fixation presented at the centre of the screen. In each condition, half of the trials contained idioms with a congruent ending word, and the other half contained idioms with an incongruent ending word. Following the idiom, a probe word was presented, which was identical to a word that had just appeared or was a new word that had not appeared in the trial. Participants were required to judge whether the probe word was in the idiom just presented (i.e., the working memory task). Here shows the congruent condition the same idiom as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0149355#pone.0149355.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1a</a>, and a probe word that had not appeared in the idiom. (b) ERPs for the incongruent (red) and congruent (blue) endings at the representative (for N400) electrode Cz in the uncrowded and crowded conditions. The shaded regions of matching color indicate the ±1 SE between participants. (c) The N400 effect (incongruent minus congruent endings, 400~600ms) in the anterior, central, and posterior regions (averaged across representative electrodes, anterior: F7, F3, Fz, F4, F8; central: T7, C3, Cz, C4, T8; posterior: P7, P3, Pz, P4, P8) in the uncrowded and crowded conditions. The symbols (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001) indicate the significance level of the difference between the congruent and incongruent conditions. The topographic maps of the N400 effect are shown in the left panel.</p

Hemoglobin glycation index as a useful predictor of therapeutic responses to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes - Fig 1

<p><b>Mean value from baseline to 1 year of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor treatment in two groups according to baseline hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (<i>p</i> = 0.965) (A) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA</b>_<b>1</b><b>c) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) (B).</b> Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). * p = 0.002, **p<0.001 compared with baseline; where ‘<i>p</i>’ represents <i>p</i>-value of between-group difference. (To convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555.)</p