DataSheet1_Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from Bornean orangutans.docx

Introduction: Orangutans, classified under the Pongo genus, are an endangered non-human primate (NHP) species. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a promising avenue for conserving the genetic resources of these animals. Earlier studies focused on deriving orangutan iPSCs (o-iPSCs) from Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii). To date, no reports specifically target the other Critically Endangered species in the Pongo genus, the Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).Methods: Using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to generate iPSCs (bo-iPSCs) from a female captive Bornean orangutan. In this study, we evaluate the colony morphology, pluripotent markers, X chromosome activation status, and transcriptomic profile of the bo-iPSCs to demonstrate the pluripotency of iPSCs from Bornean orangutans.Results: The bo-iPSCs were successfully derived from Bornean orangutans, using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. When a modified 4i/L/A (m4i/L/A) culture system was applied to activate the WNT signaling pathway in these bo-iPSCs, the derived cells (m-bo-iPSCs) manifested characteristics akin to human naive pluripotent stem cells, including high expression levels of KLF17, DNMT3L, and DPPA3/5, as well as the X chromosome reactivation. Comparative RNA-seq analysis positioned the m-bo-iPSCs between human naive and formative pluripotent states. Furthermore, the m-bo-iPSCs express differentiation capacity into all three germlines, evidenced by controlled in vitro embryoid body formation assay.Discussion: Our work establishes a novel approach to preserve the genetic diversity of endangered Bornean orangutans while offering insights into primate stem cell pluripotency. In the future, derivation of the primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) from m-bo-iPSCs is needed to demonstrate the further specific application in species preservation and broaden the knowledge of primordial germ cell specification across species.</p

Image1_Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from Bornean orangutans.JPEG

Introduction: Orangutans, classified under the Pongo genus, are an endangered non-human primate (NHP) species. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a promising avenue for conserving the genetic resources of these animals. Earlier studies focused on deriving orangutan iPSCs (o-iPSCs) from Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii). To date, no reports specifically target the other Critically Endangered species in the Pongo genus, the Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).Methods: Using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to generate iPSCs (bo-iPSCs) from a female captive Bornean orangutan. In this study, we evaluate the colony morphology, pluripotent markers, X chromosome activation status, and transcriptomic profile of the bo-iPSCs to demonstrate the pluripotency of iPSCs from Bornean orangutans.Results: The bo-iPSCs were successfully derived from Bornean orangutans, using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. When a modified 4i/L/A (m4i/L/A) culture system was applied to activate the WNT signaling pathway in these bo-iPSCs, the derived cells (m-bo-iPSCs) manifested characteristics akin to human naive pluripotent stem cells, including high expression levels of KLF17, DNMT3L, and DPPA3/5, as well as the X chromosome reactivation. Comparative RNA-seq analysis positioned the m-bo-iPSCs between human naive and formative pluripotent states. Furthermore, the m-bo-iPSCs express differentiation capacity into all three germlines, evidenced by controlled in vitro embryoid body formation assay.Discussion: Our work establishes a novel approach to preserve the genetic diversity of endangered Bornean orangutans while offering insights into primate stem cell pluripotency. In the future, derivation of the primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) from m-bo-iPSCs is needed to demonstrate the further specific application in species preservation and broaden the knowledge of primordial germ cell specification across species.</p

Image2_Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from Bornean orangutans.JPEG

Introduction: Orangutans, classified under the Pongo genus, are an endangered non-human primate (NHP) species. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a promising avenue for conserving the genetic resources of these animals. Earlier studies focused on deriving orangutan iPSCs (o-iPSCs) from Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii). To date, no reports specifically target the other Critically Endangered species in the Pongo genus, the Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).Methods: Using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to generate iPSCs (bo-iPSCs) from a female captive Bornean orangutan. In this study, we evaluate the colony morphology, pluripotent markers, X chromosome activation status, and transcriptomic profile of the bo-iPSCs to demonstrate the pluripotency of iPSCs from Bornean orangutans.Results: The bo-iPSCs were successfully derived from Bornean orangutans, using Sendai virus-mediated Yamanaka factor-based reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. When a modified 4i/L/A (m4i/L/A) culture system was applied to activate the WNT signaling pathway in these bo-iPSCs, the derived cells (m-bo-iPSCs) manifested characteristics akin to human naive pluripotent stem cells, including high expression levels of KLF17, DNMT3L, and DPPA3/5, as well as the X chromosome reactivation. Comparative RNA-seq analysis positioned the m-bo-iPSCs between human naive and formative pluripotent states. Furthermore, the m-bo-iPSCs express differentiation capacity into all three germlines, evidenced by controlled in vitro embryoid body formation assay.Discussion: Our work establishes a novel approach to preserve the genetic diversity of endangered Bornean orangutans while offering insights into primate stem cell pluripotency. In the future, derivation of the primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) from m-bo-iPSCs is needed to demonstrate the further specific application in species preservation and broaden the knowledge of primordial germ cell specification across species.</p

Formaldehyde-Free Synthesis of Fully Bio-Based Multifunctional Bisbenzoxazine Resins from Natural Renewable Starting Materials

Although bio-based benzoxazines (BZs) have been explored widely as sustainable thermosetting resins, few high-performance BZs have been prepared completely from natural renewable resources. In this study we synthesized a fully bio-based multifunctional bisbenzoxazine (AP-fa-BZ) in high yield and purity from apigenin (AP), furfurylamine (fa), and benzaldehyde by using both solvent and solventless approaches. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed the chemical structure of AP-fa-BZ. We then used dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, and in situ FTIR spectroscopy to examine the thermal characteristics of AP-fa-BZ before and after its ring-opening polymerization (ROP). DSC revealed that the temperature required for the formation of poly­(AP-fa-BZ) through ROP (236.3 °C) was significantly lower than that of a typical 4-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine (Pa-type) monomer due to the positive catalytic effect of the phenolic OH groups in the AP structure. After thermal polymerization at 250 °C, the resulting poly­(AP-fa-BZ) possessed a high thermal decomposition temperature (Td10 = 395 °C), a high char yield (52 wt %), and a high glass transition temperature (Tg = 283 °C). Contact angle measurements revealed the tunable surface properties of AP-fa-BZ. Finally, the AP-fa-BZ resin functioned as an antibacterial agent against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

DataSheet1_Associations between COVID-19 outcomes and asthmatic patients with inhaled corticosteroid.PDF

Background: The impact of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in the interaction between asthma, COVID-19 and COVID-19 associated outcomes remain largely unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the risk of COVID-19 and its related outcomes in patients with asthma using and not using inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).Methods: We used the TriNetX Network, a global federated network that comprises 55 healthcare organizations (HCO) in the United States, to conduct a retrospective cohort study. Patients with a diagnosis of asthma with and without ICS between January 2020 and December 2022 were included. Propensity score matching was used to match the case cohorts. Risks of COVID-19 incidence and medical utilizations were evaluated.Results: Out of 64,587 asthmatic patients with ICS and without ICS, asthmatic patients with ICS had a higher incidence of COVID-19 (Hazard ratio, HR: 1.383, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.330–1.437). On the contrary, asthmatic patients with ICS revealed a significantly lower risk of hospitalization (HR: 0.664, 95% CI: 0.647–0.681), emergency department visits (HR: 0.774, 95% CI: 0.755–0.793), and mortality (HR:0.834, 95% CI:0.740–0.939). In addition, subgroup or sensitivity analyses were also conducted to examine the result of different vaccination status, disease severity, or COVID-19 virus variants.Conclusion: For asthmatic patients using ICS, risk of COVID-19 was significantly higher than non-users. The observed association could provide potential guidance for primary care physicians regarding the risk of COVID-19 in asthmatic patients.</p

Protection of cumulus cells following dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation

<p><i>Background</i>: Growing studies have demonstrated that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) may improve fertility outcomes in poor ovarian responders (PORs). The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes and cumulus cell (CC) expression before and after DHEA treatment in PORs undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) cycles.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Six patients with poor ovarian response were enrolled in the study according to Bologna criteria. DHEA was supplied at least 2 months before patients entered into the next IVF cycle. Expression of apoptosis-related genes in CCs was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity of CCs was assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay.</p> <p><i>Results</i>: Metaphase II oocytes, maturation rate, embryos at Day 3, and fertilization rate significantly increased following DHEA treatment. Expression of cytochrome <i>c</i>, caspase 9, and caspase 3 genes in CCs were significantly reduced after DHEA therapy. Additionally, increased mitochondrial activity of CCs was observed following DHEA supplementation.</p> <p><i>Conclusions</i>: DHEA supplementation may protect CCs via improved mitochondrial activity and decreased apoptosis, leading to better clinical outcomes in PORs.</p

Additional file 1 of Additional single dose GnRH agonist during luteal phase support may improve live birth rate in GnRHa-HRT frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycle: a retrospective cohort study

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Subgroup analysis (Day 3 or Day 5 embryo transfer) of patients undergoing the GnRHa-HRT protocol with or without luteal GnRHa administration

Supplementary Fig. S3 from Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Induces RHAMM-Dependent Motility in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via PI3K–Akt–Oct-1 Signaling

The validation of HBx, Oct-1, and RHAMM expression on xenografts by IHC.</p

Supplementary Fig. S1 from Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Induces RHAMM-Dependent Motility in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via PI3K–Akt–Oct-1 Signaling

The regulatory effect of Oct-1 on RHAMM expression.</p

Supplementary Material and methods from Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Induces RHAMM-Dependent Motility in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via PI3K–Akt–Oct-1 Signaling

Additional materials and methods information</p