Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Smart Manufacturing a Revolutionary Technique Towards Application of Industry 4.0 Approach

Industry is currently undergoing a transformation towards fully digitalization &amp; intelligentization of manufacturing process. It concerns the strict integration of human in the manufacturing process. This article present a literature review conducted for our knowledge about how industry affects business. The new advanced technology &amp;application are help in increasing productivity. It is a new level of organization &amp; control entire value of chain of life cycle of product. The aim of study to know the tools (lean) of industry 4.0 use of companies. The reason than push companies to use this tools &amp; product. In the lean tools their 101 tools are present which use in industry 4.0.We focused in more details on the main principle &amp; possibilities of it use bin managerial environment. This new stage is called fourth industrial revolution &amp; also called as industry 4.0. Which being along new requirement, for company structure process flow etc.</jats:p

A Review on Development and Trend of Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis

Machines are employed in a wide range of industrial applications. All machines are prone to fatigue, wear, deformation, and other effects while in operation. As a result of these effects, the clearance between mating parts increases, the rotor becomes unbalanced, and the shafts become misaligned, all of which contribute to an increase in vibration. Vibration levels rise, eventually leading to the machine's malfunction or breakdown. The machine's performance and quality have a direct impact on its life and dependability. Equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnostics are standard procedures used by processing and manufacturing facilities to monitor machine availability, performance, and dependability. Monitoring machine vibration for fault identification has been demonstrated to be the most effective way for machinery condition monitoring. Fault diagnosis sets the stage for fault tolerance, dependability, and security, all of which are critical design elements in complex engineering systems. This paper presents an overview of recent advancements and progress in the philosophy and concepts of condition monitoring, diagnostics, and failure detection. It's critical to have a good bearing condition monitoring and fault detection system in place so that developing bearing defects may be properly identified and analyzed before they cause further damage to the machine. Because higher signal levels are observed in fault cases, vibration analysis provides a suitable foundation for condition monitoring.</jats:p

A Review on Additive Manufacturing Technology

Additive manufacturing is a new, rapidly emerging technique in the industrial sector. This is the process of creating parts by adding layer by layer material, hence it is called as 'Layer Manufacturing Process.’ This process is also called ‘Rapid Prototyping’ or ‘3DPrinting.’ This is a tool-less manufacturing method that produces parts in less time and with high precision. This process provides freedom for designing the parts and their complexity. Additive manufacturing has many advantages over conventional manufacturing processes like low production cost, no residual stresses, no wastage of material, etc. Nowadays, so much research work is going on in this additive manufacturing field. This manufacturing technology is going to replace the conventional manufacturing techniques in the upcoming days. In this paper, we discuss about the various additive manufacturing methods, its principles, applications, advantages, and challenges to industrial use.</jats:p