Acoustic Emission-Based Structural Health Monitoring Framework for High Temperature Piping Systems

Wave-based Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) of metallic piping systems in high-temperature environments faces challenges such as sensor temperature limitation, changes in wave characteristics due to temperature-induced material property, fluid-structure interactions, and geometric complexities including pipe elbows. The common form of damage that occurs in such critical piping systems is creep, which is the time-dependent deformation of metallic materials under sustained stress at high temperatures. Detecting and monitoring creep damage is essential for maintaining structural integrity. Acoustic Emission (AE) is an NDE method that detects propagating elastic waves released by active flaws in solids and enables real-time monitoring. This research provides a structural health monitoring (SHM) framework for monitoring and detecting creep damage in piping systems under high temperatures using AE, studied both numerically and experimentally through tests on metallic structures ranging from small dog-bone samples to a large-scale piping system. This research has four main outcomes: (1) Linear regression-based algorithm for detecting creep stage transition using AE data such as localized AE events, which can be adaptable to metallic materials under various experimental variables such as temperature and stress levels. It bridges the gap between traditional creep strain analysis and real-time damage monitoring. (2) Numerical models for simulating and visualizing wave propagation, analyzing geometric effects, and investigating multi-physics interactions coupled with piezoelectric sensor for real-world signal response simulation. (3) Implementing multi-task learning (MTL) for improving AE source localization accuracy in pipe structure with elbows. (4) Developing a regression-based location mapping approach based on AE system connectivity to enable source localization when the AE source is outside the sensor network in complex piping systems

Additional file 1 of A triple-classification for the evaluation of lung nodules manifesting as pure ground-glass sign: a CT-based radiomic analysis

Additional file 1. The detail of feature selection

High-Stability RuO₂/MoO₃ Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Proton-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolysis

The slow kinetics and low durability of catalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been long-standing issues. The scarcity and high cost of iridium have posed limitations on its widespread implementation. Therefore, a noniridium catalyst with high activity and stability is the key for proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis. This work reports a high activity and stability RuO2/MoO3 catalyst for water electrolysis. The catalyst exhibits an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with an overpotential of 267 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and demonstrates outstanding long-term stability. Moreover, the PEMWE cell-based RuO2/MoO3 anode achieves an overpotential of 0.777 V at 2 A cm–2 and high stability for 12 h at 1 A cm–2

Nonprecious Co-N-P-C@Mo₂TiC₂ Catalyst for the High-Performance Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEMFCs

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been considered as the rate-limiting step in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Therefore, noble metals such as Pt are used as catalysts, which restricts cost reduction. Nonprecious metals have attracted much attention as ORR catalysts, but the low catalytic activity and stability are still challenges associated with their use. Transition-metal/nitrogen/carbon (M-N-C) materials are widely used due to their low cost and relatively high activity. Electronic, compositional, and geometric effects offered by the metal–support interaction could enhance the catalytic activity and stability. In this study, MXene (Mo2TiC2), with high corrosion resistance and excellent electrical conductivity, is used as a support for Co-N-P-C to construct the Co-N-P-C@Mo2TiC2 catalyst. The half-wave potential of Co-N-P-C@Mo2TiC2 reaches 0.78 V, and the peak power density based on the catalyst reaches 880 mV cm–2. Co-N-P-C@Mo2TiC2 exhibits excellent stability in both ORR (only 18 mV loss after 10 000 cycles) and single-cell tests

High-Performance FeCo/NC-Mo₂TiC₂/Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Support Catalyst toward Oxygen Reduction for Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

High reaction activity, long-term stability, and low-cost non-noble metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts (M-N-C) have been widely recognized as prospective catalysts toward an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an alkaline medium. However, sluggish chemical reaction kinetics and the poor stability of the catalysts are still the main challenges for their widespread application. Herein, carbon nanotube (CNT)-MXene hybrid supports are utilized, with non-noble metal FeCo used as the cathode ORR catalyst, for an alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell. The FeCo/NC-Mo2TiC2 catalysts exhibit significantly enhanced electrochemical ORR activity, with an onset potential of 1.017 V and a half-wave potential of 0.887 V. Moreover, FeCo/NC-Mo2TiC2 exhibits remarkable stability, and the half-wave potential is attenuated by only 26 mV after 10000 cycles. The peak power density of the fuel cell by a FeCo/NC-Mo2TiC2 catalyst achieves 501 mW cm–2

Table_1_DNA Barcoding Reveals High Hidden Species Diversity of Chinese Waters in the Cephalopoda.xlsx

Species delimitation by traditional morphological methods is challenging in cephalopods due to their flexible bodies, changeable pigment traits, and sometimes high morphological homoplasy. Molecular information provides important assistance for taxonomic decision. In this study, we applied three species delimitation methods on 132 cephalopods from 7 families along Chinese waters, and we found anunderestimated species diversity in these taxa. A maximum of 56 molecular operational taxonomic units was detected, and possible cryptic diversities were revealed in Loliolus beka, Uroteuthis edulis, Octopus minor, Amphioctopus fangsiao, and Hapalochlaena lunulate. This study provides molecular evidence for the hidden species diversity along Chinese waters, and it provides insight into further taxonomic research on these morphologically variable taxa.</p

Image_1_DNA Barcoding Reveals High Hidden Species Diversity of Chinese Waters in the Cephalopoda.jpeg

Species delimitation by traditional morphological methods is challenging in cephalopods due to their flexible bodies, changeable pigment traits, and sometimes high morphological homoplasy. Molecular information provides important assistance for taxonomic decision. In this study, we applied three species delimitation methods on 132 cephalopods from 7 families along Chinese waters, and we found anunderestimated species diversity in these taxa. A maximum of 56 molecular operational taxonomic units was detected, and possible cryptic diversities were revealed in Loliolus beka, Uroteuthis edulis, Octopus minor, Amphioctopus fangsiao, and Hapalochlaena lunulate. This study provides molecular evidence for the hidden species diversity along Chinese waters, and it provides insight into further taxonomic research on these morphologically variable taxa.</p

Table_2_DNA Barcoding Reveals High Hidden Species Diversity of Chinese Waters in the Cephalopoda.xlsx

Species delimitation by traditional morphological methods is challenging in cephalopods due to their flexible bodies, changeable pigment traits, and sometimes high morphological homoplasy. Molecular information provides important assistance for taxonomic decision. In this study, we applied three species delimitation methods on 132 cephalopods from 7 families along Chinese waters, and we found anunderestimated species diversity in these taxa. A maximum of 56 molecular operational taxonomic units was detected, and possible cryptic diversities were revealed in Loliolus beka, Uroteuthis edulis, Octopus minor, Amphioctopus fangsiao, and Hapalochlaena lunulate. This study provides molecular evidence for the hidden species diversity along Chinese waters, and it provides insight into further taxonomic research on these morphologically variable taxa.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Neddylation Facilitates the Antiviral Response in Zebrafish.pdf

Neddylation is a type of post-translational protein modifications, in which neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 (NEDD8) is covalently conjugated to the lysine residues of target substrates. The best characterized principal substrates of neddylation are the cullin-RING ligases (CRLs). In addition, neddylation also modifies non-cullin proteins to affect gene regulation, cell survival, organ development, and stress response. However, the role of neddylation in antiviral innate immunity remain largely unknown. Here, we found that when neddylation was blocked by the NEDD8 activating enzyme E1 (NAE) inhibitor, MLN4924, the cellular and organismal antiviral response was suppressed. Moreover, the disruption of nedd8 increased the sensitivity of zebrafish to SVCV infection. Further assays indicated that blocking or silencing neddylation significantly downregulated key antiviral genes after poly (I:C) stimulation or SVCV infection, but dramatically increased SVCV replication. Neddylation of Irf3 and Irf7 was readily detected, but not of Mda5, Mavs, and Tbk1. Thus, our results not only demonstrated that neddylation facilitated the antiviral response in vitro and in vivo, but also revealed a novel role of nedd8 in antiviral innate immunity.</p

Working model for the role of NleB in host glucose metabolism.

Host intestinal epithelial cells maintain low O2 conditions due to counter-current blood flow. When bacteria such as EPEC infect intestinal epithelial cells, the T3SS delivers NleB into them, then NleB binds and GlcNAcylates HIF-1α at arginine residues, enhancing HIF-1α transcriptional activity and increasing the expression of downstream glucose metabolism-associated gene targets to modulate processes related to glucose uptake (GLUT1) and glycolysis (HK1, PGK1, PKM2, LDHA, and PDK1).</p