Visualization 2.mp4

The dynamic visualization of blood reperfusion in mouse ear

Visualization 1.mp4

The video-rate capture of the blood flow in mouse ear

Table_2_Association Between Funisitis and Childhood Intellectual Development: A Prospective Cohort Study.DOCX

Background: Previous studies have suggested that prenatal inflammation could damage the immature brain of preterm infants. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether funisitis could affect childhood neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that childhood neurodevelopment would vary across groups with or without funisitis.Material sand Methods: Using data from the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959–1976), 29,725 subjects with available intelligence quotient (IQ) were studied. Detailed placental examinations were conducted according to a standard protocol with quality control procedures. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the relationship between funisitis and IQ at age 4 or 7 years after adjusting for confounders.Results: Early preterm birth children with funisitis had a 3.0-fold (95% confidence interval 1.2, 7.3) risk of low full-scale IQ (Conclusion: Funisitis may injure the developmental brain of infants, leading to the relative low IQ in childhood at age 4, but the negative effect is only existed in performance IQ at age of 7.</p

Table_1_Association Between Funisitis and Childhood Intellectual Development: A Prospective Cohort Study.DOCX

Background: Previous studies have suggested that prenatal inflammation could damage the immature brain of preterm infants. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether funisitis could affect childhood neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that childhood neurodevelopment would vary across groups with or without funisitis.Material sand Methods: Using data from the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959–1976), 29,725 subjects with available intelligence quotient (IQ) were studied. Detailed placental examinations were conducted according to a standard protocol with quality control procedures. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the relationship between funisitis and IQ at age 4 or 7 years after adjusting for confounders.Results: Early preterm birth children with funisitis had a 3.0-fold (95% confidence interval 1.2, 7.3) risk of low full-scale IQ (Conclusion: Funisitis may injure the developmental brain of infants, leading to the relative low IQ in childhood at age 4, but the negative effect is only existed in performance IQ at age of 7.</p

Design and Synthesis of a Ratiometric Photoacoustic Probe for In Situ Imaging of Zinc Ions in Deep Tissue In Vivo

As a noninvasive deep-tissue imaging technique, photoacoustic (PA) imaging has great application potential in biomedicine and molecular diagnosis. The zinc ion (Zn2+), which is a necessary metal ion in the human body, plays a very important role in the regulation of gene transcription and metalloenzyme function. The imbalance of Zn2+ homeostasis is also associated with a variety of neurological diseases. Therefore, it is critically important to accurately image the steady-state changes of Zn2+ in vivo. However, no PA imaging method is currently available for Zn2+. To this end, we designed and synthesized the first PA probe of Zn2+, namely, CR-1 for in situ ratiometric imaging of Zn2+ in deep tissue in vivo. The CR-1molecule, combined with Zn2+, weakened the conjugation system of the π-electron in the CR-1 molecule, which resulted in the blue shift of its absorption peak from 710 nm to 532 nm. The PA signal intensity decreased at 710 nm and increased at 532 nm, and the ratiometric PA signal at these two wavelengths (PA532/PA710) showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of Zn2+ in the range of 0–50 μM, with a detection limit as low as 170 nM. Furthermore, this probe exhibits extremely fast responsiveness, is highly selective, and has excellent biocompatibility. We have used the developed PA probe for the ratiometric PA imaging of Zn2+ in the thigh tissue of mice, and we still can accurately image Zn2+ after covering chicken breast tissue on the surface of mice thigh. In light of these outstanding features, the developed PA probe has high potential for imaging Zn2+ in deep tissues; thus, it will open up new avenues for the study of the complex biochemical processes involving Zn2+ in vivo

Molecular Electronic Coupling-Induced Photoacoustics for NIR-I/II Duplex in Vivo Imaging

Molecular electronic coupling has been found to play a crucial role in the light-induced processes of natural and artificial systems. The light-induced acoustic process (photoacoustic) is also considered to be one of the most essential characters of the light-absorbing molecules. Herein, we report an interesting observation of the molecular electronic coupling-induced photoacoustic effect (MECPA) in which the PA intensity is dominated by the molecular electronic coupling, rather than the absorption intensity as usually concerned. The molecular electronic coupling effect results in a significant exciton absorption suppression from the monomer to pentamer. However, the corresponding PA efficiency was found to be approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater for the latter. A well-behaved linear correlation between the molecular exciton absorbance and PA efficiency was observed. The surprisingly significant MECPA effect was realized via novel NIR-II squaraine-benzothiopyrylium dyes. Excellent photophysical properties of the novel NIR-II dyes were achieved, such as a large absorption extinction coefficient and high photostability. In vivo duplex PA imaging was demonstrated for tumor tissue and macrophage cells and blood and lymphoid vessels. The MECPA effect would open a new window for the design of PA contrast agent systems for in vivo imaging

Supplementary document for Video-rate high-resolution single-pixel nonscanning photoacoustic microscopy - 5876722.pdf

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Highly Sensitive Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Detection of Metastatic Breast Cancer in Mice Using Dual-Modal Nanoprobes

The biomedical imaging of metastatic breast cancer, especially in lymphatic and lung metastasis, is highly significant in cancer staging as it helps assess disease prognosis and treatment. Using an albumin-indocyanine green dual-modal nanoprobe developed in our laboratory, in vivo fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging of metastatic breast cancer tumors were performed separately. Fluorescence imaging at the near-infrared window features high imaging sensitivity but is generally limited by a low imaging depth. Thus, tumors can only be observed in situ whereas tumor cells in the lymph nodes and lung cannot be imaged in a precise manner. In contrast, photoacoustic imaging often helps overcome the limitations of imaging depth with high acoustic spatial resolution, which could provide complementary information for imaging cancer metastases. Ex vivo fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging were also performed to verify the tumor metastatic route. This study may not only provide insights into the design of dual-modal nanoprobes for breast cancer diagnosis but may also demonstrate the superiority of combined fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging for guiding, monitoring, and evaluating lymphatic and lung metastatic stages of breast cancer with a high imaging specificity as well as sensitivity

Illustration of the OR-PAT system.

<p>(a) Overall architecture of the system. (b) Schematic of the rotational mechanism of the catheter. (c) A photo of the catheter showing its flexibility. OPO, optical parametric oscillator; NDF, neutral density filter; ConL, condenser lens; BS: beam splitter; PD, photodiode; FC, fiber coupler; US, ultrasonics; PA, photoacoustics; SMF, single mode fiber; EC, electrical cable; 3D scanner, consisting of an optical-electric rotary joint (ROJ), a step motor, and a motorized pull-back stage.</p