20 research outputs found

    Table1_A multi-branch network to detect post-operative complications following hip arthroplasty on X-ray images.pdf

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    Background: Postoperative complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA) often require revision surgery. X-rays are usually used to detect such complications, but manually identifying the location of the problem and making an accurate assessment can be subjective and time-consuming. Therefore, in this study, we propose a multi-branch network to automatically detect postoperative complications on X-ray images.Methods: We developed a multi-branch network using ResNet as the backbone and two additional branches with a global feature stream and a channel feature stream for extracting features of interest. Additionally, inspired by our domain knowledge, we designed a multi-coefficient class-specific residual attention block to learn the correlations between different complications to improve the performance of the system.Results: Our proposed method achieved state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in detecting multiple complications, with mean average precision (mAP) and F1 scores of 0.346 and 0.429, respectively. The network also showed excellent performance at identifying aseptic loosening, with recall and precision rates of 0.929 and 0.897, respectively. Ablation experiments were conducted on detecting multiple complications and single complications, as well as internal and external datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed modules.Conclusion: Our deep learning method provides an accurate end-to-end solution for detecting postoperative complications following THA.</p

    Measurement of Tip Apex Distance and Migration of Lag Screws and Novel Blade Screw Used for the Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fractures - Fig 1

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    <p>(a) Blade Screw DHS (ODRC Dynamic Hip Screw System, Chin Bone Corp., Taiwan; US FDA 510(k): K103015). (b) Radiographs of an 101 years-old woman showing fixation with a Blade Screw DHS post-operation. (c) The design and components of Blade Screw DHS.</p

    (a) Size of a test block; (b) Cellular rigid polyurethane foam (Type 1522–11) used to simulate a mild osteoporotic bone; (c) Open-cell rigid polyurethane foam (Type 1522–524) used to simulate a severely osteoporotic bone.

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    <p>(a) Size of a test block; (b) Cellular rigid polyurethane foam (Type 1522–11) used to simulate a mild osteoporotic bone; (c) Open-cell rigid polyurethane foam (Type 1522–524) used to simulate a severely osteoporotic bone.</p

    (a) Specimen after lag screw excessive migration (≥10 mm); (b) TAD values of the Blade Screw and traditional DHS groups immediately after surgery and at 3-months follow-up.

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    <p>(a) Specimen after lag screw excessive migration (≥10 mm); (b) TAD values of the Blade Screw and traditional DHS groups immediately after surgery and at 3-months follow-up.</p

    Tibial rotations in the reconstructed knee joint with different graft strengths.

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    <p>Internal tibial rotation occurred in the PCL fully-ruptured knee model. In all PCL reconstruction cases the tibia rotated externally.</p

    Preserving Posterior Complex Can Prevent Adjacent Segment Disease following Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries: A Finite Element Analysis

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    <div><p>Objective</p><p>To investigate the biomechanical effects of the lumbar posterior complex on the adjacent segments after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgeries.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A finite element model of the L1–S1 segment was modified to simulate PLIF with total laminectomy (PLIF-LAM) and PLIF with hemilaminectomy (PLIF-HEMI) procedures. The models were subjected to a 400N follower load with a 7.5-N.m moment of flexion, extension, torsion, and lateral bending. The range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure (IDP), and ligament force were compared.</p><p>Results</p><p>In Flexion, the ROM, IDP and ligament force of posterior longitudinal ligament, intertransverse ligament, and capsular ligament remarkably increased at the proximal adjacent segment in the PLIF-LAM model, and slightly increased in the PLIF-HEMI model. There was almost no difference for the ROM, IDP and ligament force at L5-S1 level between the two PLIF models although the ligament forces of ligamenta flava remarkably increased compared with the intact lumbar spine (INT) model. For the other loading conditions, these two models almost showed no difference in ROM, IDP and ligament force on the adjacent discs.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Preserved posterior complex acts as the posterior tension band during PLIF surgery and results in less ROM, IDP and ligament forces on the proximal adjacent segment in flexion. Preserving the posterior complex during decompression can be effective on preventing adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) following PLIF surgeries.</p></div
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