33 research outputs found
MIMO feedback and application to detection
International audienceThe feedback effect is well known but unwanted, by sound engineers. It results from a feedback loop between a microphone and a loudspeaker. Recently, it has been shown that we can take benefit of this effect to estimate with a very good accuracy some parameters such as sound speed. More recently, some experimental results has shown the effect of a local perturbation on the top of an ultrasonic wavewguide. Here we generalize the concept to MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) system where the feedback effect occurs between an array of emitters and an array of receivers. We propose to model the MIMO feedback effect by introducing a feedback matrix. Thanks to the singular decomposition of this matrix times the transfert matrix, we are able to predict the spatial dependence of the feedback effect either on the emitting array and on the receiving array. In a second part, we present experimental results that are obtained with an array of about 10 microphones and an array of about 10 loudspeakers. Several feedback matrices have been tested. One of them is inspired from time reversal. We have applied this technique to detect a person who goes across this acoustic barrier
Méthodes et outils pour définir et véhiculer une identité sonore : application au design sonore identitaire de la marque SNCF
Brands are today looking for new ways to convey their identity. Currently, brands sound identity is mostly based on music for ads or for selling places, and communication elements like voice or jingles. In this thesis, we focus on products sound design as a way to convey brand identity. Is it possible to take into account brand values in the writing of the requirements for a sound designer? For a given object, what are the relevant design features to consider in order to communicate a desired identity? In our works, we propose a sound design methodology for the translation of brand values into sound attributes, and for conveying the resulting sound identity through a series of products. Based on the analysis of several studies on sound verbal description, we elicited a sound lexicon of 35 words adapted to the description of sound properties. We propose to use this lexicon along with two communication tools, moodboards and a âsound design deckâ, to translate brand identity into words easily understandable by both experts and non-experts. We also propose a methodology for linking the physical constraints of the objects to design to words of the lexicon. This method is based on a sound indexing experiment, inspired from sensory analysis. The methodology we propose is applied to the design of SNCF sound identity through different elements (alarms, validating machines, split-flap displaysâŠ). The originality of this work resides in its interdisciplinarity combining different approaches such as marketing, design, sensory analysis and auditory perception. This work proposes both methodologies and tools that facilitate communication in sound design, and shows that it is possible to convey brand identity through products sound design.Aujourd'hui, l'identitĂ© sonore des marques concerne principalement les musiques associĂ©es aux publicitĂ©s ou diffusĂ©es sur les points de vente, ainsi que des Ă©lĂ©ments de communication comme la voix ou les jingles. Dans cette thĂšse, nous nous intĂ©ressons au design sonore des produits et Ă©quipements comme vecteur de l'identitĂ© de marque. Nous proposons une mĂ©thodologie de design sonore identitaire permettant de traduire les valeurs d'une marque en termes sonores, et de vĂ©hiculer l'identitĂ© sonore ainsi dĂ©finie sur une sĂ©rie d'objets caractĂ©ristiques de la marque. A partir d'une analyse d'un grand nombre d'Ă©tudes sur la perception des sons, nous avons Ă©tabli un lexique sonore de 35 termes adaptĂ© Ă la description des diffĂ©rentes caractĂ©ristiques du son. Nous proposons d'utiliser ce lexique ainsi que diffĂ©rents outils de communication pour traduire les valeurs identitaires d'une marque en termes sonores comprĂ©hensibles par tous les acteurs du projet en design sonore. Nous proposons Ă©galement une mĂ©thode d'analyse fonctionnelle permettant de spĂ©cifier les contraintes techniques liĂ©es Ă la nature ou Ă la fonction de l'objet choisi pour vĂ©hiculer l'identitĂ©. Cette mĂ©thode repose sur une expĂ©rience d'indexation sonore, inspirĂ©e de l'analyse sensorielle. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© appliquĂ©e au design de l'identitĂ© sonore de la marque SNCF vĂ©hiculĂ©e Ă travers diffĂ©rentes sources (alarmes, composteurs, tableau d'affichage,...). Ces travaux ont permis de construire et de tester des mĂ©thodologies et outils facilitant la communication dans le design sonore, et ont montrĂ© que l'identitĂ© des marques pouvait s'exprimer Ă travers la conception des sons de leurs produits et Ă©quipements
Optical simulations and optimization of perovskite/CI(G)S tandem solar cells using the transfer matrix method
In this work we employ the transfer matrix method for the analysis of optical materials properties to simulate and optimize monolithic tandem solar cell devices based on CuInGaSe, CI(G)S, and perovskite (PVK) absorbers. By finding models that fit well the experimental data of the CI(G)S solar cell, the semitransparent perovskite solar cell (PSC) and the PVK/CI(G)S monolithic tandem solar cell, we were able to perform a detailed optical loss analysis that allowed us to determine sources of parasitic absorption. We found better substitute materials for the transport layers to increase the power conversion efficiency and, in case of semitransparent PSCs, sub-bandgap transmittance. Our results set guidelines for the monolithic PVK/CI(G)S tandem solar cells development, predicting an achievable efficiency of 30%
Diverse mutations and structural variations contribute to Notch signaling deregulation in paediatric T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma
Background T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is an aggressive neoplasm closely related to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). Despite their similarities, and contrary to T-ALL, studies on paediatric T-LBL are scarce and, therefore, its molecular landscape has not yet been fully elucidated. Thus, the aims of this study were to characterize the genetic and molecular heterogeneity of paediatric T-LBL and to evaluate novel molecular markers differentiating this entity from T-ALL. Procedure Thirty-three paediatric T-LBL patients were analyzed using an integrated approach, including targeted next-generation sequencing, RNA-sequencing transcriptome analysis and copy-number arrays. Results Copy number and mutational analyses allowed the detection of recurrent homozygous deletions of 9p/CDKN2A (78%), trisomy 20 (19%) and gains of 17q24-q25 (16%), as well as frequent mutations of NOTCH1 (62%), followed by the BCL11B (23%), WT1 (19%) and FBXW7, PHF6 and RPL10 genes (15%, respectively). This genetic profile did not differ from that described in T-ALL in terms of mutation incidence and global genomic complexity level, but unveiled virtually exclusive 17q25 gains and trisomy 20 in T-LBL. Additionally, we identified novel gene fusions in paediatric T-LBL, including NOTCH1-IKZF2, RNGTT-SNAP91 and DDX3X-MLLT10, the last being the only one previously described in T-ALL. Moreover, clinical correlations highlighted the presence of Notch pathway alterations as a factor related to favourable outcome. Conclusions In summary, the genomic landscape of paediatric T-LBL is similar to that observed in T-ALL, and Notch signaling pathway deregulation remains the cornerstone in its pathogenesis, including not only mutations but fusion genes targeting NOTCH1.We thank the centres of the Sociedad Espanola de Hematologia y Oncologia Pediatricas that submitted cases for consultation, to Noelia Garcia, Silvia Martin and Helena Suarez for their excellent technical assistance and to Nerea Dominguez for updating clinical data. We are indebted to the IDIBAPS Genomics Core Facility and to the HCB-IDIBAPS, the HospitaI Infantil Sant Joan de Deu and the Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Tumour Biobanks, all integrated in the National Network Biobanks of ISCIII for the sample and data procurement. This work was supported by Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer (AECC CICPFI6025SALA and 'Ayudas Clinico Formacion AECC 2020' to Jaime Verdu-Amoros), Asociacion de aitas y amas para la humanizacion, socializacion e investigacion del Cancer Infantil y la divulgacion de la donacion de medula osea-La Cuadri del Hospi, Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Miguel Servet Program I and II CP13/00159 and MSII18/00015; Itziar Salaverria), Generalitat de Catalunya Suport Grups de Recerca (2017-SGR-1107; Itziar Salaverria), and the European Regional Development Fund 'Una manera de fer Europa'. Joan Enric Ramis-Zaldivar was supported by a fellowship AGAUR FI-DGR 2017 (2017 FI_B01004) from Generalitat de Catalunya. Noelia Garcia has been continuously supported by Accio instrumental d'incorporacio de cientifics i tecnlegs PERIS 2016 (SLT002/16/00336) and PERIS 2020 (SL017/20/000204) from Generalitat de Catalunya. Julia Salmeron-Villalobos was supported by a fellowship from La Caixa (CLLEvolution-HR17-00221). This work was developed partially at the Centro Esther Koplowitz, Barcelona, Spain
Methodology and tools for the definition and the expression of a sound identity : application to the design of the SNCF brand sound identity
Aujourd'hui, l'identitĂ© sonore des marques concerne principalement les musiques associĂ©es aux publicitĂ©s ou diffusĂ©es sur les points de vente, ainsi que des Ă©lĂ©ments de communication comme la voix ou les jingles. Dans cette thĂšse, nous nous intĂ©ressons au design sonore des produits et Ă©quipements comme vecteur de l'identitĂ© de marque. Nous proposons une mĂ©thodologie de design sonore identitaire permettant de traduire les valeurs d'une marque en termes sonores, et de vĂ©hiculer l'identitĂ© sonore ainsi dĂ©finie sur une sĂ©rie d'objets caractĂ©ristiques de la marque. A partir d'une analyse d'un grand nombre d'Ă©tudes sur la perception des sons, nous avons Ă©tabli un lexique sonore de 35 termes adaptĂ© Ă la description des diffĂ©rentes caractĂ©ristiques du son. Nous proposons d'utiliser ce lexique ainsi que diffĂ©rents outils de communication pour traduire les valeurs identitaires d'une marque en termes sonores comprĂ©hensibles par tous les acteurs du projet en design sonore. Nous proposons Ă©galement une mĂ©thode d'analyse fonctionnelle permettant de spĂ©cifier les contraintes techniques liĂ©es Ă la nature ou Ă la fonction de l'objet choisi pour vĂ©hiculer l'identitĂ©. Cette mĂ©thode repose sur une expĂ©rience d'indexation sonore, inspirĂ©e de l'analyse sensorielle. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© appliquĂ©e au design de l'identitĂ© sonore de la marque SNCF vĂ©hiculĂ©e Ă travers diffĂ©rentes sources (alarmes, composteurs, tableau d'affichage,...). Ces travaux ont permis de construire et de tester des mĂ©thodologies et outils facilitant la communication dans le design sonore, et ont montrĂ© que l'identitĂ© des marques pouvait s'exprimer Ă travers la conception des sons de leurs produits et Ă©quipements.Brands are today looking for new ways to convey their identity. Currently, brands sound identity is mostly based on music for ads or for selling places, and communication elements like voice or jingles. In this thesis, we focus on products sound design as a way to convey brand identity. Is it possible to take into account brand values in the writing of the requirements for a sound designer? For a given object, what are the relevant design features to consider in order to communicate a desired identity? In our works, we propose a sound design methodology for the translation of brand values into sound attributes, and for conveying the resulting sound identity through a series of products. Based on the analysis of several studies on sound verbal description, we elicited a sound lexicon of 35 words adapted to the description of sound properties. We propose to use this lexicon along with two communication tools, moodboards and a âsound design deckâ, to translate brand identity into words easily understandable by both experts and non-experts. We also propose a methodology for linking the physical constraints of the objects to design to words of the lexicon. This method is based on a sound indexing experiment, inspired from sensory analysis. The methodology we propose is applied to the design of SNCF sound identity through different elements (alarms, validating machines, split-flap displaysâŠ). The originality of this work resides in its interdisciplinarity combining different approaches such as marketing, design, sensory analysis and auditory perception. This work proposes both methodologies and tools that facilitate communication in sound design, and shows that it is possible to convey brand identity through products sound design
Résultats précoces fonctionnels et radiologiques aprÚs ostéosynthÚse des fractures du bassin instables par voie de Stoppa et évaluation des complications
Introduction : l'intĂ©rĂȘt rĂ©cent pour la voie de Stoppa modifiĂ©e dans la prise en charge des fractures complexes du bassin est grandissant et ce notamment depuis lâapparition de matĂ©riels et ancillaires spĂ©cifiques. NĂ©anmoins, peu dâinformations sont disponibles dans la littĂ©rature sur les avantages et inconvĂ©nients de cette voie dâabord. Cette Ă©tude a pour but dâen Ă©tudier les rĂ©sultats fonctionnels et radiologiques ainsi que les complications.MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thodes : une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective continue monocentrique multi-opĂ©rateur a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e entre septembre 2015 et juillet 2019 dans le service dâorthopĂ©die (CHU Nord Marseille) : toutes les fractures acĂ©tabulaires et du bassin traitĂ©es de façon chirurgicale ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©pertoriĂ©es et classĂ©es selon leur abord. Ont Ă©tĂ© exclus les patients mineurs, les fractures opĂ©rĂ©es par une autre voie dâabord (Kocher Langenbeck seule ou ilio-inguinale) ou les patients avec un suivi infĂ©rieur Ă 3 mois. Les rĂ©sultats fonctionnels ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s Ă lâaide des scores de Merle dâAubignĂ© et de WOMAC et lâanalyse radiographique rĂ©alisĂ©e selon le Matta Scoring System. Les complications ont Ă©tĂ© enregistrĂ©es.RĂ©sultats : vingt patients (21 fractures, 18 cotyles et 3 bassins) ont Ă©tĂ© inclus et suivis en moyenne 17 mois +/- 10,1 (12,3 - 21,7). Selon la classification de Letournel pour les cotyles il y avait 9 bicolonnes, 3 en T, 2 colonne antĂ©rieure, 1 transverse et 3 antĂ©rieures avec hĂ©mitransverse postĂ©rieure et selon la classification de Tile pour les bassins il y avait deux C 2 et un B 3.Il sâagissait de 18 hommes (90%) et de 2 femmes (10%). LâĂąge moyen Ă©tait de 40,7 ans +/- 16,2 (19-63). Le score de WOMAC au dernier suivi est de 18,8 +/-12,5 (12,4-25,3). Le score de Merle DâAubignĂ© Ă©tait de 15,6 +/-3,1 (14,0 â 17,2) avec 11 patients (55%) ayant des rĂ©sultats considĂ©rĂ©s comme excellents, 3 (15%) comme bons, 2 (10%) comme corrects et 1 (5%) insuffisant. Le Matta Scoring System sur les radiographies montrait une rĂ©duction qualifiĂ©e dâexcellente pour 8 patients (40%), bonne pour 7 patients (35%), correcte pour 3 (15%) et mauvaise pour 2 (10%), soit 75% dâexcellents et bons rĂ©sultats
Définir une identité sonore de marque :méthodologie et outils
National audienceLa marque SNCF est trĂšs bien identifiĂ©e grĂące Ă son identitĂ© musicale que ce soit par son jingle sonore ou par la voix de Simone1 utilisĂ©e pour les annonces vocales. LâĂ©mergence actuelle du design sonore conduit Ă Ă©largir la notion dâidentitĂ© musicale Ă celle dâidentitĂ© sonore, plus globale, vĂ©hiculĂ©e aussi bien par des Ă©lĂ©ments de signalĂ©tique que par des Ă©quipements. Une thĂšse CIFRE a Ă©tĂ© lancĂ©e par SNCF avec lâIrcam en 2013 afin de dĂ©velopper des mĂ©thodes et stratĂ©gies qui permettront de concevoir une identitĂ© sonore en utilisant diffĂ©rents supports dâexpression de la marque. Le premier enjeu prĂ©sentĂ© dans cet article a Ă©tĂ© de dĂ©finir un ensemble de mots permettant dâexprimer une intention par le son sur lâidentitĂ© dâune marque. Un lexique sonore illustrĂ© a Ă©tĂ© ainsi dĂ©veloppĂ©. Par ailleurs, une mĂ©thodologie Ă partir dâun outil de co-construction combinĂ© au lexique sonore illustrĂ© a Ă©tĂ© mise en place et appliquĂ©e dans lâobjectif de dĂ©cliner diffĂ©rentes identitĂ©s
Designing Sound Identity: Providing new communication tools for building brands "corporate sounds"
cote interne IRCAM: Carron14aNone / NoneNational audienceIn this paper we focus through a series of interviews on the relation between sound and brand identity in the context of musical and sound design for the industry. The interviews showed that the sound design process involves stakeholders who have different domains of expertise, which leads to difficulties in the interaction between them. As a solution, we propose a methodological framework for designing sound identity supported by two communication tools: a deck of cards allowing the different stakeholders to share a common vocabulary concerning both brand and sound concepts, and a sound charter which is a way to communicate guidelines for sound design through the use of sound identity semantic descriptors, illustrated by sound examples
Designing sound identity: providing new communication tools for building brands "corporate sound"
International audienceIn this paper we focus through a series of interviews on the relation between sound and brand identity in the context of musical and sound design for the industry. The interviews showed that the sound design process involves stakeholders who have different domains of expertise, which leads to difficulties in the interaction between them. As a solution, we propose a methodological framework for designing sound identity supported by two communication tools: a deck of cards allowing the different stakeholders to share a common vocabulary concerning both brand and sound concepts, and a sound charter which is a way to communicate guidelines for sound design through the use of sound identity semantic descriptors, illustrated by sound examples