Frequency of maternal infection or antibiotic treatment in pregnancy and by pregnancy trimester.

<p>Note some women had more than one exposure in the same (or in another) trimester.</p>a<p>any time from 1^st day of last menstrual period (LMP) to index date (for cases this is the date of pre-eclampsia, for controls this is the date they reached the same gestational age as their matched case at the case’s index date).</p

The association between maternal infection and pre-eclampsia: crude and adjusted odds ratios for matched cases (n = 1533) and controls (n = 14236).

a<p>any time from 1^st day of last menstrual period (LMP) to index date (for cases this is the date of pre-eclampsia, for controls this is the date they reached the same gestational age as their matched case at the case’s index date).</p>b<p>ORs adjusted for maternal age; pre-gestational hypertension, diabetes and renal disease; and multifetal gestation. In addition, ORs for UTI and RTI are mutually adjusted for.</p

Pictorial representation of the self-controlled case series design, showing the observation period for a single individual.

<p>Pictorial representation of the self-controlled case series design, showing the observation period for a single individual.</p

Identification of study participants.

<p>CCW, Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse; TIA, transient ischemic attack.</p