COX7A2L Is a Mitochondrial Complex III Binding Protein that Stabilizes the III2+IV Supercomplex without Affecting Respirasome Formation

Mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes I, III, and IV associate into a variety of supramolecular structures known as supercomplexes and respirasomes. While COX7A2L was originally described as a supercomplex-specific factor responsible for the dynamic association of complex IV into these structures to adapt MRC function to metabolic variations, this role has been disputed. Here, we further examine the functional significance of COX7A2L in the structural organization of the mammalian respiratory chain. As in the mouse, human COX7A2L binds primarily to free mitochondrial complex III and, to a minor extent, to complex IV to specifically promote the stabilization of the III+IV supercomplex without affecting respirasome formation. Furthermore, COX7A2L does not affect the biogenesis, stabilization, and function of the individual oxidative phosphorylation complexes. These data show that independent regulatory mechanisms for the biogenesis and turnover of different MRC supercomplex structures co-exist.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant numbers PI11-00182 and PI14-00209 to C.U., PI12-01683 to M.A.M., and PI12-00933 to S.C.), by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (P2010/BMD-2361 to C.U. and P2010/BMD-2402 to M.A.M. and S.C.), by European FEDER Funds, by Association Française contre les Myopathies (16086) to E.F.V., by an European Research Council advanced investigator grant (268897) and grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB829) and the Swedish Research Council (2015-00418) to N.G.L., and by NIH-NIGMS (1R01GM105781-01) to C.U.Peer Reviewe

El trabajo independiente y el sistema de tareas: indicaciones metodológicas en el aprendizaje de la asignatura probabilidades y estadística aplicado a la especialidad de ingeniería civil

La aplicación del trabajo independiente constituye una vía para consolidar ampliar y profundizar los conocimientos, para el desarrollo de las habilidades y los hábitos indispensables para la realización de una auto – educación permanente, para el logro de la independencia cognoscitiva, para la formación de la personalidad del individuo en su modo de actuar y de pensar. El trabajo realizado ha permitido constatar dificultades existentes en la organización y desarrollo del trabajo independiente de los alumnos, se trata pues de intensificar la relación del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje con la vida. La orientación, ejecución y control del trabajo independiente debe ser realizado teniendo en cuenta las preconcepciones de los alumnos y sus diferencias individuales las cuales actúan sobre la zona de desarrollo próxima de Vigotsky (1984)

Reflexiones sobre la ciudad moderna

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On the Optimum Number of Coefficients of Sparse Digital Predistorters: A Bayesian Approach

This work presents insights on the application of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) to fix the optimum number of coefficients in the Volterra series applied to the modeling and linearization of power amplifiers (PAs). The BIC is transformed from a rule to be applied after selection techniques to a stopping criterion, which enables the halting of the algorithm when a condition is reached. This study reveals that the BIC is equivalent to allow a certain identification normalized mean square error (NMSE) decrease after the inclusion of a model component. Experimental results of the digital predistortion of a class J PA are provided, demonstrating the proposal applicability in the attaining of the optimum number of coefficients. A comparison is made between the results obtained when the stopping rule is applied to the hill climbing (HC) and the doubly orthogonal matching pursuit (DOMP) algorithms

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Invitados Especiales I

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Physical Fitness, White Matter Volume and Academic Performance in Children: Findings From the ActiveBrains and FITKids2 Projects

The aims of this study were (i) to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and white matter volume and test whether those associations differ between normal-weight and overweight/obese children (ii) to analyze the association between other physical fitness components (i.e., motor and muscular) and white matter volume, and (iii) to examine whether the fitness-related associations in white matter volume were related to academic performance. Data came from two independent projects: ActiveBrains project (n = 100; 10.0 1.1 years; 100% overweight/obese; Spain) and FITKids2 project (n = 242; 8.6 0.5 years; 36% overweight/obese, United States). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed in both projects, and motor and muscular fitness were assessed in the ActiveBrains project. T1-weighted images were acquired with a 3.0 T S Magnetom Tim Trio system. Academic performance was assessed by standardized tests. Cardiorespiratory fitness may positively relate to white matter volume in overweight/obese children, and in turn, academic performance. In addition, motor and muscular fitness may also influence white matter volume coupled with better academic performance. From a public health perspective, implementing exercise interventions that combine aerobic, motor and muscular training to enhance physical fitness may benefit brain development and academic successThe ActiveBrains study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (DEP2013-47540, DEP2016- 79512-R, and PSI2012-3929). The FITKids2 study was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (HD069381)

The effect of a multicomponent intervention on steatosis is partially mediated by the reduction of intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue in children with overweight or obesity: the EFIGRO Project

OBJECTIVE: In adults, there is evidence that improvement of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) depends on the reduction of myosteatosis. In children, in whom the prevalence of MAFLD is alarming, this muscle-liver crosstalk has not been tested. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether the effects of a multicomponent intervention on hepatic fat is mediated by changes in intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue (IMAAT) in children with overweight/obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 116 children with overweight/obesity were allocated to a 22-week family-based lifestyle and psychoeducational intervention (control group, n = 57) or the same intervention plus supervised exercise (exercise group, n = 59). Hepatic fat percentage and IMAAT were acquired by MRI at baseline and at the end of the intervention. RESULTS: Changes in IMAAT explained 20.7% of the improvements in hepatic steatosis (P < 0.05). Only children who meaningfully reduced their IMAAT (i.e., responders) had improved hepatic steatosis at the end of the intervention (within-group analysis: responders -20% [P = 0.005] vs. nonresponders -1.5% [P = 0.803]). Between-group analysis showed greater reductions in favor of IMAAT responders compared with nonresponders (18.3% vs. 0.6%, P = 0.018), regardless of overall abdominal fat loss. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of IMAAT plays a relevant role in the improvement of hepatic steatosis after a multicomponent intervention in children with overweight/obesity. Indeed, only children who achieved a meaningful reduction in IMAAT at the end of the intervention had a reduced percentage of hepatic fat independent of abdominal fat loss. Our findings suggest that abdominal muscle fat infiltration could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of MAFLD in childhood.This project was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Health's Fondos de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/01335), the Spanish Ministry of the Economy Industry and Competitiveness (DEP2016-78377-R), and by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF): Una Manera de Hacer Europa. Support was also provided by the Regional Government of Navarra's Department of Economic Development (0011-1365-2019-000152 & 0011-1365-2020-000243), co-funded by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF 2014-2020 for Navarra). CC-S is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJC2018-037925-I). MM is supported by Junta de Andalucía and European Union (SNGJ Ref-8025). MO is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2017-080770). This study was supported by the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2021 -Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise, Nutrition and Health (UCEENS)- and the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR)

Calidad en el sector comercial farmacéutico en la provincia de Lima

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito conocer la situación actual de los establecimientos del sector comercial farmacéutico en la provincia de Lima en relación a los factores del Total Quality Management (TQM). De manera específica, se buscó determinar el nivel de cumplimiento de estos factores en los establecimientos farmacéuticos y el nivel de cumplimiento de cada uno de los mismos. Asimismo, el estudio se fijó como objetivo identificar en los establecimientos farmacéuticos la existencia de sistemas de aseguramiento de la calidad que garantice una atención correcta a los clientes, y de procedimientos apropiados para el manejo y conservación de los medicamentos. Respecto al método de investigación que se adoptó, el estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, de carácter descriptivo no experimental, y diseño transeccional o transversal. Como delimitación se consideró 8448 farmacias y boticas de la provincia de Lima que se encontraban registradas como activas en el portal del Ministerio de Salud al 16 de noviembre del 2014. Luego se seleccionó una muestra de manera aleatoria simple, a las cuales se les solicitó participar voluntariamente de la investigación, previa explicación del objeto de la investigación, a los que aceptaron voluntariamente, se les efectuó una encuesta directa mediante un cuestionario estructurado compuesto de preguntas con respuestas de alternativa fija. La confiabilidad de los resultados se estableció mediante el criterio del coeficiente Alpha Cronbach. Con relación a las conclusiones finales, de los resultados obtenidos de la muestra se evidenció la existencia de prácticas de calidad por parte de los establecimientos del sector comercial farmacéutico asociadas a la normativa legal existente en el país. Igualmente, se determinó que estos establecimientos tenían implementados procedimientos de control y calidad regulados en los manuales de buenas prácticas de almacenamiento, distribución, dispensación y transporte.This research was aimed to know the current status of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the pharmaceutical business in the province of Lima. Specifically, our study sought to determine the implementation of quality assurance systems, their level of compliance, the practice of proper customer service as well as appropriate proceedings for the management and conservation of medical products. Our study was based on a quantitative, descriptive non-experimental and transversal method approach. We worked with a population of 8448 pharmacies and drugstores in the province of Lima, who were registered as active in the portal of the Ministry of Health as of November 16th, 2014. After selecting a random sample, we proceeded to explain the purpose of our research to all elements who voluntarily accepted to participate with us. Subsequently, they completed a questionnaire composed of closed- ended questions. The reliability of the results was established using the Cronbach’s Alfa coefficient criteria. With regard to the final conclusions, the results evidenced the existence of quality practices on the sampled pharmaceutical establishments associated with the laws existing in the country. Equally, it was determined that these establishments had implemented control and quality procedures set forth in the manuals of good practice on warehousing, distribution, dispensing and transportation.Tesi

Comparability of published cut-points for the assessment of physical activity: Implications for data harmonization

This study aimed to compare estimations of sedentary time (SED) and time spent in physical activity (PA) intensities in children with overweight/obesity across different age-appropriate cut-points based on different body-worn attachment sites and acceleration metrics. A total of 104 overweight/obese children (10.1 ± 1.1 years old, 43 girls) concurrently wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on their right hip and non-dominant wrist for 7 days (24 hours). Euclidean norm -1 g (ENMO) and activity counts from both vertical axis (VACounts) and vector magnitude (VMCounts) were derived. We calculated estimates of SED and light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) intensity PA using different published cut-points for children. The prevalence of children meeting the recommended 60 min/d of MVPA was calculated. The time spent in SED and the different PA intensities largely differed across cut-points based on different attachment sites and acceleration metrics (ie, SED = 11-252 min/d; light PA = 10-217 min/d; moderate PA = 1-48 min/d; vigorous PA = 1-35 min/d; MVPA = 4-66 min/d). Consequently, the prevalence of children meeting the recommended 60 min/d of MVPA varied from 8% to 96% of the study sample. The present study provides a comprehensive comparison between available cut-points for different attachment and acceleration metrics in children. Furthermore, our data clearly show that it is not possible (and probably will never be) to know the prevalence of meeting the PA guidelines based on accelerometer data since apparent differences range from almost zero to nearly everyone meeting the guidelines