49 research outputs found

    Paraoxonase 1, HDL Subclasses and Post Surgery Acute Inflammation: A Pilot Study.

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    High density lipoproteins (HDL) structure and function studies are needed to better understand the heterogeneous nature of the HDL particle, and its interaction with associated proteins such as apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and the environment. Our study assesses the effects of acute inflammation on PON1 and HDL subclasses in post-surgical colorectal cancer patients. PON1 was measured kinetically through its arylesterase and lactonase activity and HDL sub-classes were measured using Quantimetrix Lipoprint® System. White blood cells (WBC) counts, c-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels were also analyzed using standard techniques. Our findings show that baseline PON1 activity is lower in colorectal cancer patients and significant reductions are observed in the acute inflammatory state post-surgery. PON1 changes are also inversely related to inflammatory markers such as SAA and CRP. In addition, our preliminary findings show that small and intermediate HDL decreases post-op Day 1. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the effects of chronic and acute inflammation on PON1. Specifically, PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activity is lower in states of chronic inflammation and further decreased in the acute inflammatory state. Additionally, in our limited sample size, while changes in PON1 and HDL subclasses may be variable in the acute inflammatory period, small HDL decreased with a loss of PON1 activity in the subacute phase

    Correlation of Ischemia-Modified Albumin with SOFA and APACHE II Scores in Preoperative Patients with Colorectal Cancer

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    Purpose. Critical illnesses are assessed according to the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II. Circulating ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a biomarker generated under ischemic and oxidative conditions and may reflect disease severity in preoperative patients. This study investigated the correlations of IMA with SOFA and APACHE II scores in inpatients admitted for colorectal surgery. Methods.We examined 27 patients with advanced colorectal cancers (mean age 69 years, men/women = 15/12). Correlations between SOFA and APACHE II scores in addition to preoperative serum IMA and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were analyzed. Results. The mean IMA level was 0.5AU, and the median CRP level was 0.6mg/dL. Median scores for SOFA and APACHE II were 2 and 12 points, respectively. Significant positive correlations between IMA and SOFA ( = 0.45, \u3c 0.05) and IMA and APACHE II ( = 0.45, \u3c 0.05) were identified which remained significant in confounder-adjusted analyses. In contrast, weak correlations were observed between CRP and the SOFA and APACHE II scores. Conclusions.The positive correlations between IMA and both SOFA and APACHE II scores suggest that serum IMA measurements reflect the severity of systemic failure in patients admitted for colorectal surgery in the preoperative phase

    Dietary Intake of Vitamin D Is Related to Blood Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products during a Weight Loss Program in Obese Women

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    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to the pathophysiology of lifestyle-related diseases. To identify nutrients associated with AGEs, this study explored the factors by investigating the relationship between nutrients changes and changes of blood AGEs during a weight loss program in obese women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Twenty-five obese women (age: 50 ± 8 years, body mass index: 28.7 ± 3.4 kg/m2 ) underwent a weight loss program with energy-restricted meal replacement for 2 months. Three-day weighted dietary records and blood tests including blood AGEs were performed at the baseline and after the 2-month intervention. Their correlation was examined during the intervention period. RESULTS: The changes in AGEs were significantly and negatively correlated with those of intake levels of vitamin D (r = -0.54; P \u3c 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D might be a useful nutrient to reduce AGEs in obese women

    D-lactate and Low Molecular AGEs Are Elevated in Obese Adolescents: Evidence for Carbonyl Stress in Adolescent Obesity

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    Glycation and carbonyl stress produced by methylglyoxal (MG) as a consequence of triose flux in glycolysis has been implicated in the etiology of metabolic syndrome and diabetes complications. An integrated estimation of MG flux is provided by measuring concentrations of its catabolite D-lactate in serum. However, no studies have explored the pathway in childhood obesity. Objective: Study serum concentrations of D-lactate and low molecular weight advanced glycation end-products (LMWAGE) in lean vs adolescents with obesity. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 30 lean and 30 obese adolescents between the ages of 15-19 years. D-lactate was measured kinetically in serum ultrafiltrates by an adaptation of a colorimetric method from Sigma. Total and LMW-AGEs were measured by fluorescence (Excitation: λ 370 nm, Emission: λ 440 nm). The Ethical Committee of the Institution approved this study and informed consent was obtained from the participant adolescents and their parents. Results: The obesity group showed significantly (* p \u3c 0.01, ** p \u3c 0.001) higher levels of: % body fat 35.0 ± 9**, systolic BP 116.0 ± 8.1 mmHg** and diastolic BP, 72.9 ± 7.1*mmHg, waist 96.1 ± 11.6 cm** and hip circumferences 110.2 ± 8 cm**, HbA1c 5.1 ± 0.6*. D-lactate was 4.5 +/- 2.5 nmol/l in controls vs 7.4 +/- 4.2 vs. nmol/l in obese subjects **. LMW/total AGE were 0.48 (0.44-052) AU in controls vs 0.61 (0.55-0.67) AU in obese subjects**. Conclusions: D-lactate levels and LMW-AGEs are higher (64% and 27% respectively) in adolescents with obesity as compared to lean controls. Our data is compatible with the presence of an increased production of MG associated with protein modification that results in LMW-AGE (partial proteolysis of AGE proteins) increases in serum. This increased carbonyl stress may be of etiological significance. Sources of Research Support: Project supported by DAIP Universidad de Guanajuato (project 011/2015) and Touro Universit

    Postprandial Paraoxonase 1 Activity Following Consumption of Recommended Amounts of Mixed Meals in Healthy Males

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    Aim: Postprandial lipid level increases induce oxidative stress, which is involved in atherogenesis. The antioxidant properties of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) have attracted attention. However, changes in postprandial PON1 levels differ across prior studies, and changes in PON1 lactonase activity, potentially relevant to PON1 physiology, after the consumption of ordinary meals are unknown. Herein we evaluated postprandial serum lipid levels and PON1 changes following mixed-meal consumption of the amounts recommended for ordinary meals.Methods: Nine healthy male volunteers consumed three different meals in a randomized cross-over design. The test meals were as follows: S, white rice; SMF, S with fat-containing protein-rich main dishes; and SMFV: SMF with vegetable dishes. The serum lipid concentrations and PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were determined during a three-hour period after the consumption of these meals.Results: The postprandial triglyceride levels were higher after consuming the SMF and SMFV meals than after consuming the S meal. Despite postprandial high-density lipoprotein cholesterol being unchanged, PON1 lactonase activity was decreased, while PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in the postprandial state after all test meals. Postprandial changes in lactonase and arylesterase activities did not differ among the test meals.Conclusions: Inverse changes in PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were observed after consuming recommended ordinary meals. This observation provides useful information for choosing PON1 species as postprandial markers

    Serum aspirin esterase is strongly associated with glucose and lipids in healthy subjects: different association patterns in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Aspirin esterase (AE) activity can account for part of aspirin pharmacokinetics in the circulation, possibly being associated with the impairment of aspirin effectiveness as an inhibitor of platelet aggregation.</p> <p>Aims</p> <p>The study was aimed at investigating the correlations of serum AE activity with cholinesterase (ChE) and metabolic variables in healthy subjects in comparison to subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In cardiovascular disease-free T2DM subjects and healthy controls, the AE activity levels and/or the correlation patterns between AE and the other variables were analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Neither AE nor ChE activities were higher in the subjects with T2DM. Serum AE activity strongly correlated with ChE as well as glucose/lipids variables such as total cholesterol and triglyceride in healthy subjects, while the correlations between AE and glucose/lipids variables were not present in T2DM subjects.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These data may reflect the pathophysiological changes between healthy and T2DM subjects. Our data may thus provide the basis for future studies to unravel the mechanisms.</p
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