Climate change and peak oil : two large-scale disruptions likely to adversely affect long-term tourism growth in the Asia Pacific

Climate change and peak oil are likely to have a significant impact on future tourism growth in the Asia Pacific region. Dealing with these issues and the policies and strategies required for mitigation and adaptation need to be given far greater attention by the tourism industry and the public sector than has hitherto been the case. Existing approaches based on crisis and disaster management may be inadequate and a new approach to deal with shocks of this nature is required. This regional spotlight suggests a new approach based on the concept of disruption which is defined as an event that causes substantial and long-term change in the structure of the tourism industry

Terrorism and the new security agenda

Globalization entails the world becoming a smaller place through political, socio-cultural and economic processes. These processes have salient implications for tourism, and tourism itself is one of the driving forces behind globalization. This book is a collection of conceptual treatises by international scholars about the dynamics and reach of globalization and its relationships with tourism. It anatomizes and deconstructs the global forces, processes and challenges that face the world of tourism. It is international in scope, encyclopedic in its conceptual depth, empirically evocative, and contemporary in its coverage

Rainforest tourism, conservation and management: Challenges for sustainable development

Globally rainforests are under threat on numerous fronts, including clearing for agriculture, harvesting for timber and urban expansion. Yet they have a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation and providing other ecosystem services. Rainforests are also attractive tourist spaces and where they have been used as a tourism resource they have generated significant income for local communities. However, not all use of rainforests as a tourism resource has been sustainable. This book argues that sustainability must be the foundation on which tourism use of this complex but ultimately fragile ecosystem is built upon. It provides a multi-disciplinary perspective, incorporating rainforest science, management and tourism issues. The book is organized into four sections commencing with 'Tourism in rainforest regions', followed by 'Threats to rainforest tourism' and 'The development and management of rainforest experiences', and finally 'Wildlife and rainforest tourism'. Each major rainforest region is covered, including the Amazon, Central America, Africa, Australia and south-east Asia, in the context of a specific issue. For example, rainforests in Papua New Guinea are examined in the context of community-based ecotourism development, while the rainforests in Borneo are discussed in an examination of wildlife issues. Other issues covered in this manner include governance, empowerment issues for rainforest peoples and climate change. © 2014 Bruce Prideaux, selection and editorial material; individual chapters, the author

Recreation in forests

Throughout history forests have been used for a range of recreational activities including hunting, hiking and fishing. In the contemporary era the demand for traditional recreational activities has increased and new forms of recreation have emerged driven in part by the tourism sector. Many of these are commercial in nature, and along with traditional activities, have placed new pressures on forests. As the number of users grows but the available areas of forest shrink the need for new management strategies to maintain ecological integrity will increase. In many countries the public sector has responded by implementing policies to protect unique ecosystems and landscapes, reduce deforestation and regulate activities such as recreation and tourism. Governments are also beginning to realise that they must place a higher priority onlong term ecological sustainability if forest based activities are to continue to prosper into the future. The objective of this chapter is to briefly outline major factors that may affect the provision of sustainable recreational activities in forests

Tropical rainforest ecology: Implications for tourism development

The aim of this chapter is to introduce readers to a number of key terms and concepts that are essential for understanding how tourism development may be undertaken in rainforest areas and identify possible impacts on long-term rainforest sustainability. Rainforests are complex biological systems and uninformed use for tourism purposes may have serious unintended consequences. For this reason, the chapter will briefly describe the distribution of rainforests, rainforest biodiversity, key ecological concepts and threats. Obviously a chapter of this nature can only provide a brief introduction to the many issues that need to be considered. For a more detailed discussion on rainforests, readers are directed to Osborne (2012), who gives a useful overview of rainforests as well as other tropical ecosystems, and Whitmore ( 1998), who provides a very detailed description of the structure and functioning of tropical rainforests

Canals: An old form of transport transformed into a new form of heritage tourism experience

This chapter examines how canals and canal precincts have enjoyed a resurgence in interest as heritage sites. The chapter also suggests how canals can be described in terms of the elements of the landscapes through which they pass and proposes a model to explain the transformation of canal systems from transport corridors into tourism resources. A triple bottom line approach is suggested as a useful framework for the study of canal tourism. Issues that the reborn canal sector may have to face in the future are also considered

Rabaul, Papua New Guinea

Rabaul volcano, located on the island of New Britain, Papua New Guinea (PNG) features a breached flooded caldera open to the sea (Fig. 19.1). The volcano is located proximate to the junction of the South Bismarck, Solomon Sea and South Bismarck tectonic plates, is tectonically active and one of the most active and most dangerous volcanoes in PNG. Past effusive and violent eruptions resulted in a beached sea flooded caldera about 6000 BP (Williams 2013). The volcano has a history of effusive basaltic eruptions, dacitic and rhyolitic explosive eruptions and strombolian eruptions. The caldera has a number of volcanoes including Tovanumbatir, Kabiu, Turangunan, Tavurvur and Vulcan (Green et al. 1986). The highest point of the Rabaul caldera rises 688 m above the sea and features remnants of a shield formed by past pyroclastic flow deposits

Factors governing the development of tourism in rainforest regions

Surprisingly, issues related to the systematic development of tourism activity in rainforest areas have been largely ignored in the tourism literature, although it is true that there are a growing number of papers that examine a range of tourism-related issues where the setting happens to be a forest. In one sense, this book builds on Font and Tribe's (2000) book that examined issues related to forest tourism, recreation and environmental management but directs the reader's attention to a wider range of issues associated with rainforests. Essentially this book is an attempt to redress, in a small way, the many gaps in knowledge that currently surround tourism in these wonderful, but in many areas, threatened, ecosystems. To undertake this task, a large team of authors has been assembled to examine rainforest issues using a thematic approach. Many of the authors are from the countries they have examined, giving the book a unique quality. This chapter introduces the need for a systematic study of factors related to understanding opportunities for tourism development in rainforests, builds a model to assist this process and applies this model to a case study based on the Wet Tropics Queensland World Heritage Area (WTQWHA), Australia

Findings and research issues

Summary chapter

Creating visitor attractions in peripheral areas

Creating visitor attractions in peripheral areas Attractions are an integral part of the tourism industry, provide an important focus for tourism activity (Richards, 1996), and influence travel decisions. Attractions range from iconic in nature to relatively minor and of only local significance. In all cases, a site, event or place can only become an attraction when some special and significant value is given to it, and that value is communicated to visitors through interpretation and promotion (MacCannell, 1976). The process of converting a potential site, place or event into an attraction is the essence of tourism’s unique ability to turn a resource into a product to which visitors must travel, rather than a product that can be transported to customers for consumption. This process lies at the core of developing a tourism industry and is responsible for the flows of visitors from generating regions to destination regions. At another level, tourism exhibits a core-periphery relationship reflecting the flow of tourists from a developed core to a less-developed periphery in search of new icons and novel experiences not available in the core. The volume of the tourism flows that are generated is governed by the significance of the site, technology of travel, cost of the experience, degree of hardship endured during travel to the attraction and conditions encountered in the locality of the attraction. Peripheral areas seeking to build a tourism industry must first overcome impediments to tourism flows by offering a tempting visitor experience built on the pulling power of their visitor attractions and supported by associated tourism infrastructure