An absorption spectrum amplifier for determining gas composition

Compositions of gas samples are frequently studied by laser absorption spectroscopy. Sensitivity is improved by two orders of magnitude when absorption cell is placed inside an organic-dye laser cavity

Recency Tendency: Responses to Forced-Choice Questions

The present study was conducted to investigate whether forced-choice questions would lead to any particular tendency in young children’s responses. Two experiments were conducted in which 3- to 5-year-olds children were shown a short animation and then were asked a set of two-option, forced-choice questions. Consistent findings were obtained: (i) Forced-choice questions influenced children’s responses; (ii) Children displayed a consistent ‘recency tendency.’ That is, they tended to choose the second option in forced-choice questions; (iii) This tendency grew weaker as children aged. The findings suggest that forced-choice questions carry some suggestibility load and can bias children’s responses

Amplitude Zeroes in Collinear Processes or What Is Left from a Factorizable 2d Model in Higher Dimensions

We show that for collinear processes, i.e. processes where the incoming and outgoing momenta are aligned along the same line, the S-matrix of the tree level 2+1 dimensional Thirring model factorizes: any S - matrix element is a product of $2\rightarrow 2$ elements. In particular this means nullification of all collinear $2 \rightarrow n$ amplitudes for $n > 2$.Comment: latex , 8 pp., 2 fig. not include

mb from ALEPH and comparison with other LEP experiments

I will review the measurements of the $b$-quark mass performed by ALEPH and DELPHI. A large set of observables has been used together with detailed studies on jet algorithms. Very clear effects due to the $b$-quark mass running are observed. Comparing with the determinations at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ threshold, the measurements of the running $b$-quark mass at the $Z$ pole are consistent with the predicted evolution from QCD.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to QCD2000, Montpellier, Franc

Observations of Time Delays in Gravitational Lenses from Intensity Fluctuations: The Coherence Function

Measurements of the spectrum of the fluctuations of the output current of the quadratic detector of a telescope can be used to find unresolved astronomical gravitational lenses and determine time delays between their image components. These time delays can be used for astronomical studies. The spatial correlation coefficient of a source is an important parameter that quantifies the loss of contrast, caused by the extendedness of the source, in the spectral modulation of the intensity fluctuations. This work shows that the correlation coefficient must not be evaluated at the frequency of observation, but must instead be evaluated at the much lower beat frequencies of the spectrum of the fluctuations. This opens up a powerful novel technique to find unresolved gravitational lenses and to study the lensing event and the source.Comment: Novel powerful technique to study gravitational lenses. Accepted in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

U.S. Multinational Services Companies: Effects of Foreign Affiliate Activity on U.S. Employment

This working paper examines the effect that U.S. services firms’ establishment abroad has on domestic employment. Whereas many papers have explored the employment effects of foreign direct investment in manufacturing, few have explored the effects of services investment. We find that services multinationals’ activities abroad increase U.S. employment by promoting intrafirm exports from parent firms to their foreign affiliates. These exports support jobs at the parents’ headquarters and throughout their U.S. supply chains. Our findings are principally based on economic research and econometric analysis performed by Commission staff, services trade and investment data published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and employment data collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In the aggregate, we find that services activities abroad support nearly 700,000 U.S. jobs. Case studies of U.S. multinationals in the banking, computer, logistics, and retail industries provide the global dimensions of U.S. MNC operations and identify domestic employment effects associated with foreign affiliate activity in each industry