Kafa travmalı kedilerde göz yaralanmaları

Head trauma may lead to damage of soft tissue and bones of skull by an external force. The modified Glasgow coma scale (mGCS) is used to evaluate the prognosis and classify the neurological status of cats and dogs with head trauma. The aim of this study is determine the ophtalmic pathologies and the incidence of these pathologies as a result of head trauma in cats. In addition, any possible correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and mGCS will be investigated in traumatized cats. The animal material of the study consisted of 18 cats with acute head trauma. The animals were properly restricted so that mGCS scores were recorded. Systematic eye examination was performed as far as the clinical condition of the patient allowed during the clinical examination and treatment of the traumatized cats. Proptosis was observed in 4 cats (22.22%) as unilaterally in 3 cats and bilaterally in 1 cat. Subconjunctival hemorrhage was observed in 7 cats (38.88%) as bilaterally in 2 cats and unilaterally in 5 cats. Unilateral hyphema was observed in 2 cats (11.11%). Three cats had anisocoria (16.66%), 2 cats had unilateral nystagmus (11.11%), and 1 cat had unilateral Horner's syndrome (5.55%). In cats with glaucoma the median mGCS was 8 (score 4-15), while non-glaucoma the median mGCS was 9 (score 6-14). However, no statistical correlation was found between mGCS and glaucoma (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate that glaucoma, subconjunctival hemorrhage and proptosis are the most common pathologies in cats with head trauma and these pathologies should not be ignored during the intervention of the head trauma patients. In addition, it is thought that irreversible loss of vision can be prevented by frequently repeated IOP measurements, regardless of the mGCS score, in cases with head trauma.Kafa travması, harici bir kuvvetle yumuşak doku ve kafatası kemiklerinin hasar görmesine neden olabilir. Modifiye Glasgow koma skalası (mGCS), kafa travmalı kedi ve köpeklerin prognozunu değerlendirmek ve nörolojik durumlarını sınıflandırmak için kullanılır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kedilerde kafa travması sonucu oluşan oftalmik patolojileri ve bu patolojilerin görülme sıklığını belirlemektir. Ayrıca travma geçirmiş kedilerde göz içi basıncı (GİB) ile mGCS arasındaki olası ilişki araştırılacaktır. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini akut kafa travmalı 18 kedi oluşturmuştur. Hayvanlar uygun şekilde kontrol altına alınıp, mGCS skorları kaydedildi. Travma geçiren kedilerin klinik muayenesi ve tedavisi sırasında hastanın klinik durumunun izin verdiği ölçüde sistematik göz muayenesi yapıldı. Proptozis 4 kedide (%22.22); 3 kedide unilateral, 1 kedide bilateral olarak gözlendi. Subkonjonktival kanama 7 kedide (%38.88); 2 kedide bilateral, 5 kedide tek taraflı olarak gözlendi. 2 kedide (%11.11) tek taraflı hifema görüldü. Üç kedide anizokori (%16.66), 2 kedide unilateral nistagmus (%11.11) ve 1 kedide tek taraflı Horner sendromu (%5.55) görüldü. Glokomlu kedilerde medyan mGCS 8 (skor 4-15), glokom olmayan kedilerde medyan mGCS 9 (skor 6-14) olarak kaydedildi. Ancak mGCS ile glokom arasında istatistiksel bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0.05). Kafa travmalı kedilerde glokom, subkonjonktival kanama ve proptozis patolojilerinin en sık görülen patolojiler olduğu ve kafa travmalı hastaların müdahalesinde bu patolojilerin göz ardı edilmemesi gerektiği sonucuna varıldı. Ayrıca kafa travmalı olgularda mGCS skoru ne olursa olsun göz içi basınç ölçümlerinin sık sık tekrarlanmasıyla geri dönüşü olmayan görme kaybının önlenebileceği düşünülmektedir

Clinical outcomes and treatment patterns of primary central nervous system lymphoma: Multicenter retrospective analysis

Objectives: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare malignant disease with poor prognosis. Its low incidence leads to challenges in decision-making for treatment. As a matter of fact, there is still no consensus on the appropriate treatment modalities. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate and comparatively assess the efficacies of several treatment modalities in the treatment of PCNSL. Methods: Thirty-four patients diagnosed with PCNSL at 5 different hematology centers between 2007 and 2021 were included in the study. Patients’ data from all five centers were collected retrospectively. Since ibrutinib is not approved for this indication in Turkey, consent for off-label use of ibrutinib is obtained from each patient. Ethics committee ap-proval was obtained on June 9, 2021 with decision number 2021/18-05. Results: The median age of the patients was 59 (min.: 22, max.: 78) years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.26/1. Nineteen (55.9%) patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of ≥2. Fifteen (44.1%) patients had normal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and only 14.7% of the patients had B symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a single mass lesion in 14 (41.2%) patients. As an induction therapy, meth-otrexate-based regimen was administered in 29 (85.3%) patients. Only 14 of the 34 patients received 4 or more cycles of high-dose methotrexate (MTX). About 32.4% of the patients received radiation therapy (RT) during follow-up as a part of induction therapy. Five patients received only RT due to poor performance status. Ibrutinib was administered in 5 patients for refractory disease. It was determined that four or more cycles of MTX treatment increased progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.031) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.012). Moreover, RT improved PFS (p=0.023). Considering that the complete response achieved by induction therapy influences long-term survival, achievement of the best response to the treatment regimens administered in combination with new agents may prolong survival (PFS: p=0.01, OS: p=0.023). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the initial response to treatment is crucial. Additionally, it was found that high-dose MTX treatment should be administered for 4 cycles or more in order to achieve the best results. Furthermore, it was determined that ibrutinib monotherapy was well-tolerated in our patients with relapsed/refractory disease, with excellent clinical benefits. In conclusion, a combination therapy consisting of high-dose MTX, ibrutinib, and rituximab appears to be a promising initial treatment approach in appropriate patients

Measurements of the pp → ZZ production cross section and the Z → 4ℓ branching fraction, and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings at √s = 13 TeV

Four-lepton production in proton-proton collisions, pp -> (Z/gamma*)(Z/gamma*) -> 4l, where l = e or mu, is studied at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The ZZ production cross section, sigma(pp -> ZZ) = 17.2 +/- 0.5 (stat) +/- 0.7 (syst) +/- 0.4 (theo) +/- 0.4 (lumi) pb, measured using events with two opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pairs produced in the mass region 60 4l) = 4.83(-0.22)(+0.23) (stat)(-0.29)(+0.32) (syst) +/- 0.08 (theo) +/- 0.12(lumi) x 10(-6) for events with a four-lepton invariant mass in the range 80 4GeV for all opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pairs. The results agree with standard model predictions. The invariant mass distribution of the four-lepton system is used to set limits on anomalous ZZZ and ZZ. couplings at 95% confidence level: -0.0012 < f(4)(Z) < 0.0010, -0.0010 < f(5)(Z) < 0.0013, -0.0012 < f(4)(gamma) < 0.0013, -0.0012 < f(5)(gamma) < 0.0013

Epidemiology of surgery associated acute kidney injury (EPIS-AKI): a prospective international observational multi-center clinical study

Purpose: The incidence, patient features, risk factors and outcomes of surgery-associated postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) across different countries and health care systems is unclear. Methods: We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries in patients undergoing major surgery (&gt; 2-h duration and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit admission). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of PO-AKI within 72&nbsp;h of surgery defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Secondary endpoints included PO-AKI severity and duration, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality, and ICU and hospital length of stay. Results: We studied 10,568 patients and 1945 (18.4%) developed PO-AKI (1236 (63.5%) KDIGO stage 1500 (25.7%) KDIGO stage 2209 (10.7%) KDIGO stage 3). In 33.8% PO-AKI was persistent, and 170/1945 (8.7%) of patients with PO-AKI received RRT in the ICU. Patients with PO-AKI had greater ICU (6.3% vs. 0.7%) and hospital (8.6% vs. 1.4%) mortality, and longer ICU (median 2 (Q1-Q3, 1-3) days vs. 3 (Q1-Q3, 1-6) days) and hospital length of stay (median 14 (Q1-Q3, 9-24) days vs. 10 (Q1-Q3, 7-17) days). Risk factors for PO-AKI included older age, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease), type, duration and urgency of surgery as well as intraoperative vasopressors, and aminoglycosides administration. Conclusion: In a comprehensive multinational study, approximately one in five patients develop PO-AKI after major surgery. Increasing severity of PO-AKI is associated with a progressive increase in adverse outcomes. Our findings indicate that PO-AKI represents a significant burden for health care worldwide

Development and validation of HERWIG 7 tunes from CMS underlying-event measurements

This paper presents new sets of parameters (“tunes”) for the underlying-event model of the HERWIG7 event generator. These parameters control the description of multiple-parton interactions (MPI) and colour reconnection in HERWIG7, and are obtained from a fit to minimum-bias data collected by the CMS experiment at s=0.9, 7, and 13Te. The tunes are based on the NNPDF 3.1 next-to-next-to-leading-order parton distribution function (PDF) set for the parton shower, and either a leading-order or next-to-next-to-leading-order PDF set for the simulation of MPI and the beam remnants. Predictions utilizing the tunes are produced for event shape observables in electron-positron collisions, and for minimum-bias, inclusive jet, top quark pair, and Z and W boson events in proton-proton collisions, and are compared with data. Each of the new tunes describes the data at a reasonable level, and the tunes using a leading-order PDF for the simulation of MPI provide the best description of the dat

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe

Measurement of B-c(2S)(+) and B-c*(2S)(+) cross section ratios in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Measurement of the top quark Yukawa coupling from t(t)over-bar kinematic distributions in the dilepton final state in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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