35 research outputs found
Knowledge and Attitude about Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers in Public Health Centres
Background: Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health problem and poses a threat to global tuberculosis (TB) control. In 2015, at least 504 new MDR-TB cases were identified in Indonesia. Treating MDR-TB patients is very challenging. It may take more than two years for MDR-TB treatment. Therefore, it is crucial healthcare workers (HCWs) are knowledgeable about MDR-TB. The aim of this study was to measure level of knowledge and attitude regarding MDR-TB among HCWs in public health centres.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 73 Public Health Centres in Bandung the capital of West Java Province from August until November 2015. The samples were 73 TB nurses and 32 laboratory staff. A self-administered questionnaire was given comprising 27 knowledge questions and 29 attitude questions. Correlation between knowledge and attitude scores was calculated by Pearson correlation test.Results: The majority of study participants were women (82.9%), married (92.4%), nursing staff (65.7%) with history of TB training (98.1%). Most of the participants were 40-59 years old (69.5%) with working experience in TB programme < 10 years (69.5%). Less than half (38.1%) of study participants had good knowledge. In terms of attitude, more than half (53.3%) of study participants had a positive attitude towards MDR-TB.Conclusions: The level of knowledge among HCWs about MDR-TB is still at an unacceptable level. Certain educational interventions aim to ensure prompt diagnosis, implement infection control and accurate treatment should be established among those HCWs. [AMJ.2016;3(4):509â13]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v3n4.93
Description of Treatment Outcomes among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Bandung City in 2014
Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious lung disease which is still a major health problem in the world. In Indonesia, pulmonary TB treatment outcomes are monitored and assessed in Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) as an indicator of national TB control program performance. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes among pulmonary TB patients in Bandung City.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data. The sample sizes were 1,598 pulmonary TB patients taken by total sampling with data collected from TB Registration database of Bandung city at Infectious Disease Control Unit, Bandung City Health Office (Unit Kontrol Penyakit Menular, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung) from January to December 2014. The treatment outcomes were classified as successful (cured and treatment completed) and unsuccessful (failed, defaulted, and died).Results: Out of the 1,598 TB patients, most of the respondents were male, aged 15â24 years old and from Public Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) and hospital. A total of 1,008 treatments (63.08%) were cured, 292 (18.27%) were completed, 47 (2.94%) were failed, 211 (13.21%) were defaulted, and 40 (2.50%) were died. Total of transferred outpatients were 134 and not considered as treatment outcome.Conclusions: From the results, it can be concluded that 81.35% and 18.65% were considered as successful and unsuccessful outcome respectively, thus, did not achieve WHO target of 85%. Therefore, DOTS program implemented in Bandung City should be reviewed to improve success rate of the treatment outcome
Geographical Factors in Diagnostic Delay among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients
Background: Diagnostic delay is a factor that can increase the high burden of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin known as Xpert is a rapid diagnostic test to detect MDR-TB. Diagnostic delay defined the duration between a positive result of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear and positive result of MDR-TB by Xpert examination. This study aimed to compare the analysis of the geographical factors in the diagnostic delay of MDR-TB patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital as the top referral hospital in West Java Indonesia.Methods: This study was conducted in the period JulyâDecember 2016 using cross sectional design. A total of 152 MDR-TB patient data were collected from medical records of MDR-TB patients registered in MDR-TB clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in the period 2015â2016. The socio-demographic characteristics were collected and analyzed descriptively The diagnostic delay among MDR-TB patients was analyzed by Mann Whitney test.Results: Diagnostic delay of MDR-TB patients was 15 days in median, with a minimal and maximal delay of 2â140 days. There was a significant difference of diagnostic delay between patients from Bandung with a median of 9(2-135) days and patients from outside of Bandung with a median of 18(2-140) days, with p<0.01.Conclusions: MDR-TB patients from outside Bandung have a longer diagnostic delay than patient from Bandung . A further expansion of using Xpert as a rapid diagnostic test for MDR-TB patient is needed
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among University Freshmen Students Year 2016/2017
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is one of the most serious public health and social problems in the world. Transmission of HIV occurs in the age group of 20 years or below. One of the ways to prevent HIV transmission is to improve the knowledge so the attitude and practice can be changed. The objectives of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practice of HIV infection among university freshmen students year 2016/2017.Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional quantitative study. Samples were selected using proportional random sampling and primary data were collected using questionnaires which were self-completed by 122 Universitas Padjadjaran freshmen students year 2016/2017 in November 2016. Questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice data regarding to HIV infection. The collected data was analyzed dan presented in the form of tables and figure.Results: Respondents had a median age criterion of 18 years, 52.5% were female, 73.8% high school originated outside Bandung and 19.4% knew information about HIV/AIDS through the internet. There were 18.9% of the respondents classified as having âGoodâ knowledge, 63.9% classified as âSatisfactoryâ and the other 17.2% were classified as having âPoorâ knowledge of HIV. There were 52.5% respondents who had negative attitude towards HIV discussion and 96.7% of the respondents had good practice.Conclusions: Lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards HIV infection and the presence of high risk practice for HIV infection demanded that students should receive reproduction health education to support the prevention of HIV infection.
Knowledge and Attitude about Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers in Public Health Centres
Background: Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health problem and poses a threat to global tuberculosis (TB) control. In 2015, at least 504 new MDR-TB cases were identified in Indonesia. Treating MDR-TB patients is very challenging. It may take more than two years for MDR-TB treatment. Therefore, it is crucial healthcare workers (HCWs) are knowledgeable about MDR-TB. The aim of this study was to measure level of knowledge and attitude regarding MDR-TB among HCWs in public health centres.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 73 Public Health Centres in Bandung the capital of West Java Province from August until November 2015. The samples were 73 TB nurses and 32 laboratory staff. A self-administered questionnaire was given comprising 27 knowledge questions and 29 attitude questions. Correlation between knowledge and attitude scores was calculated by Pearson correlation test.Results: The majority of study participants were women (82.9%), married (92.4%), nursing staff (65.7%) with history of TB training (98.1%). Most of the participants were 40-59 years old (69.5%) with working experience in TB programme < 10 years (69.5%). Less than half (38.1%) of study participants had good knowledge. In terms of attitude, more than half (53.3%) of study participants had a positive attitude towards MDR-TB.Conclusions: The level of knowledge among HCWs about MDR-TB is still at an unacceptable level. Certain educational interventions aim to ensure prompt diagnosis, implement infection control and accurate treatment should be established among those HCWs. [AMJ.2016;3(4):509â13]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v3n4.93
Association between Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Pregnancy Hypertension
Background: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) certainly poses health problems that leads to increase mortality and can cause mental and physiological disturbances to the infants. Reduced organ perfusion is one of the etiologies of IUGR which is caused by placenta obstruction. This happens because of pregnancy hypertension as a risk factor. Furthermore, educational level, employment status, parity, and anemia are also its risk factors. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of IUGR and association between IUGR and pregnancy hypertension.Methods: A case control design was performed using medical records from Neonatology Department of Child Health at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2012. Subjects were taken from 149 medical records of the mother who had IUGR and 149 normal birth weight infant information about the characteristics of the mothers and the infants. The data were collected and analyzed by calculating the Odds ratio (OR).Results: The prevalence of IUGR at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2012 was 149 cases (4.69%). There was association between pregnancy hypertension and IUGR with OR=1.72, 95% CI (1.044â2.836).Conclusions: Pregnancy hypertension is one of the risks that generates IUGR. [AMJ.2016;3(2):212â5]Â DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v3n2.79
Geographical Factors in Diagnostic Delay among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients
Background: Diagnostic delay is a factor that can increase the high burden of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin known as Xpert is a rapid diagnostic test to detect MDR-TB. Diagnostic delay defined the duration between a positive result of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear and positive result of MDR-TB by Xpert examination. This study aimed to compare the analysis of the geographical factors in the diagnostic delay of MDR-TB patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital as the top referral hospital in West Java Indonesia.Methods: This study was conducted in the period JulyâDecember 2016 using cross sectional design. A total of 152 MDR-TB patient data were collected from medical records of MDR-TB patients registered in MDR-TB clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in the period 2015â2016. The socio-demographic characteristics were collected and analyzed descriptively The diagnostic delay among MDR-TB patients was analyzed by Mann Whitney test.Results: Diagnostic delay of MDR-TB patients was 15 days in median, with a minimal and maximal delay of 2â140 days. There was a significant difference of diagnostic delay between patients from Bandung with a median of 9(2-135) days and patients from outside of Bandung with a median of 18(2-140) days, with p<0.01.Conclusions: MDR-TB patients from outside Bandung have a longer diagnostic delay than patient from Bandung . A further expansion of using Xpert as a rapid diagnostic test for MDR-TB patient is needed
Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis based on World Health Organization (ARIA-WHO) questionnaire among Batch 2010 Students of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease affecting 5â45% of Asian population. Although it is not a life-threatening disease, AR significantly hampers the quality of life of the sufferers. The prevalence of AR among adults in Indonesia is still unknown. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of AR among batch 2010 students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during JuneâOctober 2013 involving Indonesian class batch 2010 students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. The sampling was performed usingtotal sampling approach. The measurement tool used in this study was the Indonesian translation of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma-World Health Organization (ARIA-WHO) questionnairee. Thosewho were aware of being diagnosed with AR or had two/more AR defining symptoms in the questionnaire form were considered to have AR. The statistical analysis was conducted by calculating frequencies.Results: A total of 207 questionnaire forms were adequately filled out and returned. Based on the questionnaire, the prevalence rate of AR was 38.2%. Of the 79 AR cases, 66% cases involved females. In addition, 54% of the the AR cases have a parental history of allergic diseases. Nasal obstruction and itchy nose were the most frequent symptoms (90%), followed by rhinorrhea (89%), sneezing (82%), and eye symptoms (62%). Based on the duration, the majority fell into the intermittent group (91%); whereas basedon severity, the majority was in the moderate-severe group (71%).Conclusions: The prevalence rate of AR obtained in this study is within the estimated range of Asian population. [AMJ.2015;2(4):620â5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.65