Image_1_RETRACTED: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene, ZNF24, Inhibits the Development of NSCLC by Inhibiting the WNT Signaling Pathway to Induce Cell Senescence.tif

ObjectiveUnderstanding the characteristics of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is of great significance for the development of new targeted treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, this present article is to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of ZFN24 inhibiting the development of NSCLC.MethodsWe performed RT-PCR and Western blotting for evaluating associated RNA and protein expression. CCK8, colony forming and sphere-forming assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and stemness of NSCLC cells. NSCLC cell senescence was examined by β-galactosidase staining assay. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate β-catenin transcriptional activity. The effect of ZNF24 on NSCLC cells in vivo was evaluated by the xenograft tumor experiment.ResultsEctopic expression of ZNF24 significantly inhibited cell viability, colony forming ability, and stemness of NSCLC cells. WNT signaling pathway was inhibited by ZNF24 resulting in NSCLC cell senescence. β-catenin transcriptional activity was significantly inhibited by ZNF24 (P ConclusionZNF24 could notably inhibit the development of NSCLC by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway.</p

Image_1_A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene, ZNF24, Inhibits the Development of NSCLC by Inhibiting the WNT Signaling Pathway to Induce Cell Senescence.tif

ObjectiveUnderstanding the characteristics of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is of great significance for the development of new targeted treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, this present article is to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of ZFN24 inhibiting the development of NSCLC.MethodsWe performed RT-PCR and Western blotting for evaluating associated RNA and protein expression. CCK8, colony forming and sphere-forming assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and stemness of NSCLC cells. NSCLC cell senescence was examined by β-galactosidase staining assay. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate β-catenin transcriptional activity. The effect of ZNF24 on NSCLC cells in vivo was evaluated by the xenograft tumor experiment.ResultsEctopic expression of ZNF24 significantly inhibited cell viability, colony forming ability, and stemness of NSCLC cells. WNT signaling pathway was inhibited by ZNF24 resulting in NSCLC cell senescence. β-catenin transcriptional activity was significantly inhibited by ZNF24 (P ConclusionZNF24 could notably inhibit the development of NSCLC by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway.</p

Historic evolution of spatial distance to scientific cooperation in China from 1990 to 2010.

<p>The rectangle represents different spatial levels; the red circle is the farthest point where the cooperation value that exceeds 10% of that year’s maximum value; the red dot is the point whose absolute value equals 1000.</p

The Effect of Geographical Proximity on Scientific Cooperation among Chinese Cities from 1990 to 2010

<div><p>Background</p><p>The relations between geographical proximity and spatial distance constitute a popular topic of concern. Thus, how geographical proximity affects scientific cooperation, and whether geographically proximate scientific cooperation activities in fact exhibit geographic scale features should be investigated.</p><p>Methodology</p><p>Selected statistics from the ISI database on cooperatively authored papers, the authors of which resided in 60 typical cites in China, and which were published in the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, were used to establish matrices of geographic distance and cooperation levels between cities. By constructing a distance-cooperation model, the degree of scientific cooperation based on spatial distance was calculated. The relationship between geographical proximity and scientific cooperation, as well as changes in that relationship, was explored using the fitting function.</p><p>Result</p><p>(1) Instead of declining, the role of geographical proximity in inter-city scientific cooperation has increased gradually but significantly with the popularization of telecommunication technologies; (2) the relationship between geographical proximity and scientific cooperation has not followed a perfect declining curve, and at certain spatial scales, the distance-decay regularity does not work; (3) the Chinese scientific cooperation network gathers around different regional center cities, showing a trend towards a regional network; within this cooperation network the amount of inter-city cooperation occurring at close range increased greatly.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The relationship between inter-city geographical distance and scientific cooperation has been enhanced and strengthened over time.</p></div

[Bmim]PF₆‑Promoted Ligandless Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction of Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates in Water

The Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of potassium aryltrifluoroborates with aryl bromides in water are promoted by the addition of [bmim]­PF₆ using Pd­(OAc)₂ as a catalyst and Na₂CO₃ as a base under air. The quantity of [bmim]­PF₆ used is crucial to the efficiency of the catalytic system. A wide range of biaryls and polyaryls can be easily prepared in good to excellent yields

The increments of inter-city scientific cooperation within different spatial distances.

<p>The increments of inter-city scientific cooperation within different spatial distances.</p

Hybrid Nanoscale Vesicles of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Based Star Block Copolymers for Thermal Insulation Applications

Organic–inorganic hybrid vesicles of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based star block copolymer of poly­(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene [POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8] were synthesized by polymerization-induced self-assembly via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization employing a POSS-based macromolecular chain transfer agent. The average diameter, the membrane thickness, and the cavity volume fraction of the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles are 212 nm, 21 nm, and 52%, respectively. The POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles exhibit good thermal stability and have 12% higher Young’s modulus than the vesicles of linear block copolymer counterparts. Due to the high mechanical strength, the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles can keep structural integrity in the dried state. The coating of the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles is prepared by casting the dispersion of the star block copolymer vesicles at room temperature, and then, its application as a thermal insulation coating is investigated. It is found that the POSS-(PNIPAM-b-PS)8 vesicles can be used as qualified thermal insulation materials with the thermal conductivity as low as 0.131 W/m·K

Evolution of scientific cooperation network among 60 Chinese cities from 1990 to 2010.

<p>The line between the city nodes suggests the degree of scientific cooperation.</p

Effect of geographical proximity on city-to-city scientific cooperation in China from 1990 to 2010.

<p>Effect of geographical proximity on city-to-city scientific cooperation in China from 1990 to 2010.</p

The 60 selected node cities and their rank of indicators.

<p>Sources: All data are from 2011, the explanation of Abbreviations as follows:</p><p>RAP: Rank of number of articles published, obtained from CNKI.</p><p>RCU: Rank of number of colleges and universities, obtained from the 2012 China City Statistical Yearbook.</p><p>RGDP: Rank of GDP, obtained from the 2012 China City Statistical Yearbook.</p><p>RPS: Rank of population size, obtained from the 2012 China City Statistical Yearbook.</p><p>RRDS: Rank of number of R&D staff, obtained from the website of the National Bureau of Statistics of China’s 2011 R&D Census Report (<a href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rdpcgb/index.htm" target="_blank">http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rdpcgb/index.htm</a>).</p><p>The 60 selected node cities and their rank of indicators.</p