14 research outputs found

    Population Pressure and Fertility Changes in Costa Rica, 1906-1970

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    The demographic history of Costa Rica in the twentieth century is examined in the context of a model of dynamic adjustment to changing child survival probabilities and micro-level population pressure. Micro-level population pressure is viewed as resulting from a couple having children beyond its current optimal family size, given current prices and its income. Cantonal regression analyses for the time periods, 1927-1950, 1951-1953 to 1961-1963, and 1961-1963 to 1970 lend support to the hypothesis that the secular fertility decline in Costa Rica is a dynamic adjustment to high completed family size and increasing child survival probabilities

    The Use of Contingent Valuation Methodology in Natural Resource Damage Assessments: Legal Fact and Economic Fiction.

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    The creation of comprehensive statutory schemes for protection of the environment has required the legal system to focus on the definition problems associated with environmental goods and with the physical, tmeporal, and aesthetic considerations related to such goods. Clearly, the events of the twentieth century have taught us that individual physical components of the natural environment, such as streams, forests, wildlife, and biota, do not exist in isolation. Instead, these components are part of the interrelated environmental systems that may, in turn, impact other environmental systems. Likewise, damage to one or more of the components of a system can result in a loss to humans of these environmental goods or the Uses provided by the system

    Contingent Valuation Methodology in the Natural Resource Damage Regulatory Process: Choice Theory and the Embedding Phenomenon

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    In their most recent article on the use of Contingent Valuation Methodology ( CVM ) in the natural resource damages assessment ( NRDA ) process, the authors take issue with the CVM components of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u27s ( NOAA ) proposed NRDA rules. In particular, the authors argue that NOAA\u27s proposed NRDA process does not comport with basic tenets of choice theory and that the CVM safeguards created by NOAA are not adequate to address the inherent, and perhaps irreconcilable, flaws in CVM assessments. To illustrate their arguments, the authors examine and criticize NOAA\u27s treatment and general disregard of the embedding phenomenon. The author\u27s argue that the existence of the embedding phenomenon in CVM valuations demonstrates the inappropriateness of CVM as a regulatory tool in the NRDA process

    Population Pressure and Fertility Changes in Costa Rica, 1906-1970

    Get PDF
    The demographic history of Costa Rica in the twentieth century is examined in the context of a model of dynamic adjustment to changing child survival probabilities and micro-level population pressure. Micro-level population pressure is viewed as resulting from a couple having children beyond its current optimal family size, given current prices and its income. Cantonal regression analyses for the time periods, 1927-1950, 1951-1953 to 1961-1963, and 1961-1963 to 1970 lend support to the hypothesis that the secular fertility decline in Costa Rica is a dynamic adjustment to high completed family size and increasing child survival probabilities

    The Use of Contingent Valuation Methodology in Natural Resource Damage Assessments: Legal Fact and Economic Fiction.

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    The creation of comprehensive statutory schemes for protection of the environment has required the legal system to focus on the definition problems associated with environmental goods and with the physical, tmeporal, and aesthetic considerations related to such goods. Clearly, the events of the twentieth century have taught us that individual physical components of the natural environment, such as streams, forests, wildlife, and biota, do not exist in isolation. Instead, these components are part of the interrelated environmental systems that may, in turn, impact other environmental systems. Likewise, damage to one or more of the components of a system can result in a loss to humans of these environmental goods or the "Uses" provided by the system.This is an article from Northwestern University Law Review, 89(3) 1995; 1029-1116. Posted with permission.</p

    Contingent Valuation Methodology in the Natural Resource Damage Regulatory Process: Choice Theory and the Embedding Phenomenon

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    In their most recent article on the use of Contingent Valuation Methodology ("CVM") in the natural resource damages assessment ("NRDA") process, the authors take issue with the CVM components of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's ("NOAA") proposed NRDA rules. In particular, the authors argue that NOAA's proposed NRDA process does not comport with basic tenets of choice theory and that the CVM safeguards created by NOAA are not adequate to address the inherent, and perhaps irreconcilable, flaws in CVM assessments. To illustrate their arguments, the authors examine and criticize NOAA's treatment and general disregard of the embedding phenomenon. The author's argue that the existence of the embedding phenomenon in CVM valuations demonstrates the inappropriateness of CVM as a regulatory tool in the NRDA process.This article is from National Resources Journal, 1995, 35(3); 443, Posted with permission. </p
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