The Colley-Tyndall Debate: A Synopsis of the Arguments of Both Speakers

https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/crs_books/1202/thumbnail.jp

Incorporation of Europium(III) into Scheelite-Related Host Matrixes ABO₄ (A = Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺; B = W⁶⁺, Mo⁶⁺): Role of A and B Sites on the Dopant Site Distribution and Photoluminescence

Scheelite- and powellite-related materials doped with trivalent lanthanides or actinides have been the subject of extensive research due to their important role in mineralogical, technological, and environmental implications. Detailed structural knowledge of these solid solutions is essential for understanding their physicochemical properties and predicting material properties. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive spectroscopic analysis by means of polarization-dependent site-selective time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, to delineate the influence of the host phase cations for a series of scheelite-type matrixes based on a general formula of ABO₄ (A = Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺; B = W⁶⁺, Mo⁶⁺) on the local environment of the Eu³⁺ dopant. Eu³⁺ has been used as a luminescent probe to access the local structural environment of crystalline substitutional sites suitable for trivalent lanthanide or actinide occupation. Our results show that the lattice distortion is overall minor, but increases with increasing mismatch of host and guest cation size. We observe a linear dependence of Eu³⁺’s excitation energy on the host cation size and the A–O bond distance, which can be used to determine the hitherto unknown Eu–O bond distance in NaEu­(WO₄)₂. A value of 2.510 Å was determined, somewhat larger than a previously reported number for NaEu­(MoO₄)₂. The results also show clear evidence that the local coordination environment of Eu³⁺ in WO₄^2– materials is more symmetrical than in their isostructural MoO₄^2– counterparts. The detailed spectroscopic interpretation conducted in this study resolves the relation between local distortion around a dopant and the host phase cations in structural disordered materials and may give novel insights with respect to rational design and tailoring of functional materials

Effects of miR-20b on the proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cells Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were transfected with miR-20b mimics and miR-20b inhibitor, respectively.

<p>Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assays after the indicated periods. (A) Transfection with miR-20b mimics promoted Eca-109 cell proliferation. (B) Transfection with miR-20b inhibitor suppressed KYSE-150 cell proliferation. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). * <i>P</i> < 0.05, compared with blank control or negative control.</p

MiR-20b directly targets the 3'-UTR of PTEN.

<p>(A) The position of miR-20b target site in 3'-UTR of PTEN mRNA predicted by miRanda and TargetScan. (B-C) Luciferase assays in Eca-109 cells (B) and KYSE-150 cells (C), and these cells were cotransfected with wt/mut-3'-UTR with miR-20b mimics or negative control (miR-NC). Luciferase activity was detected using dual- luciferase reporter assay system following the manufacturer’s instruction 48 h after transfection. The results were expressed as fold change relative to the negative control. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 5). * <i>P</i> < 0.05, compared with the corresponding negative control.</p

MiR-20b inhibits PTEN protein expression and increases p-Akt level.

<p>(A-B) MiR-20b expression was detected by qRT-PCR. A sharp increase of miR-20b expression was observed in the Eca-109 cells transfected with miR-20b mimics (A), while KYSE-150 cells transfected with miR-20b inhibitor resulted in a significant decrease of miR-20b expression (B). (C-D) PTEN mRNA expression was determined by qRT-PCR, and the results indicated that these transfected Eca-109 cells (C) and KYSE-150 cells (D) had no alternation in PTEN mRNA level. (E) The representative images of Western blotting for PTEN, p-Akt and Akt protein expression. (F) Quantitative analysis protein levels of PTEN, p-Akt and Akt by normalization to β-actin. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). * <i>P</i> < 0.05, compared with the corresponding blank control or negative control.</p

Association between miR-20b expression and clinicopathological features of esophageal cancer patients.

<p>Association between miR-20b expression and clinicopathological features of esophageal cancer patients.</p

Effects of miR-20b on cellular apoptosis.

<p>Apoptotic percentage in Eca-109 cells or KYSE-150 cells was determined by flow cytometry through the double staining with Annexin V-FITC/ propidium iodide (PI). (A) Representative plots of flow cytometry detection for apoptosis. The percentage of apoptosis was shown in the bottom right quadrant. (B) Apoptotic percentage was quantified and expressed as fold change relative to the corresponding blank control. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). *<i>P</i> < 0.05, ^#<i>P</i> < 0.05, and ^△<i>P</i> < 0.05.</p

Diagram of tracking feature change of improve KLT algorithm.

<p>Diagram of tracking feature change of improve KLT algorithm.</p

Flowchart of scene detection and registration tracking.

<p>Flowchart of scene detection and registration tracking.</p

Sampling point pair from coarse to fine.

<p>Sampling point pair from coarse to fine.</p