Spatial Model of COVID 19 Distribution Based on Differences an Climate Characteristics and Environment of According to the Earth Latitude

The purpose of this research is to analyze the spread of COVID-19 on the earth's surface. The method used is a spatial method with the Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis technique. The results of this study explain that the spread of COVID-19 very much occurs in the region of moderate latitude. Besides, tropical climate conditions can also make the virus more quickly become unstable. The Coronavirus spreads faster in countries with high latitudes and humid climates. The spread and concentration of the COVID-19 virus increasingly to the poles are easier to develop, current conditions at high latitudes or poles are not significantly affected due to a small population concentration and population activity, so the virus cannot spread, because the body's virus does not find a host (human) to live and develop

Development of Aerial Online Intelligent Plant Monitoring System for Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Performance to External Stimuli

Researches in bio-robotics fields have been done en-masse. Development in intelligence monitoring systems for agricultural application have unfold the possibility to observe individual plant response upon receiving external stimuli. In this study, artificial bio pores, 30 cm in diameter, were introduced to the ranges of oil palm trees in three commercial plantations. Various applications methods of bio pores, in particular depths and numbers per plant were investigated. The bio pores drilled around the root zone of the trees using an earth auger, and filled with chopped semi-decomposed fronds and midribs from the plantation maintenance (pruning). A robotic quadcopter drone with 2.7K camera, operated with pre-set flight-plan, employed to record the crown image of oil palm trees under observation. The drone flown at the altitude of 23±0.1 meters above the crown, recording each crown individually. Focus and setting of drone’s cameras was set to automatic, enabling unbiased image recording. The weather conditions (sun radiation, cloud covering, wing speed) upon images recording were measured and recorded. When recording the images, the drone’s GPS-assisted hovering system maintained its position in both axes (horizontal and vertical), producing identical image acquisition for each crown. All plants’ crown was observed at 0, 30, 60, and 120 days after bio pores introduced. Image processing software was developed to segment and extract vegetation index (Vis) information from the images. Plants’ morphological conditions (height, radial, and new leaf) were measured and analyse by statistical methods to understand various bio pores applications influences to plants development. Crown images were processed, and its features extracted and correlated with chlorophyll in leaves. Models developed to predict chlorophyll contents (A, B, and Total) in crown and Vis analyses methods were used to compare individual plant responding to this external stimulus by means of rotational-pivot charts. Results showed that intensive bio pores introduction promote plant’s radial development and the emergence of new leaves. Furthermore, chlorophylls contents in leaves of plants with substantial bio pores applications were greater compared to normal plants.  Models showed that optical features extracted from crown images obtained high coefficient of correlation (R2) with leaves chlorophyll contents. This study has paved the way for wisdom agricultural application in Indonesian oil palm industry

KAJIAN SEBARAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI SAWAH MENGGUNAKAN DATA CITRA LANDSAT 8 DI DAERAH IRIGASI BATANG ANAI KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN

Irigasi skala besar pada umumnya memiliki ketersediaan air cenderung tidak merata dari hulu, tengah dan hilir, sehingga mempengaruhi akan produktivitas tanaman padi. Daerah Irigasi Batang Anai merupakan irigasi skala besar dengan luas daerah layanan 13.604 ha tentu membutuhkan waktu, tenaga dan biaya yang tinggi untuk melakukan perhitungan produktivitas secara manual. Salah satu teknologi yang dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung perhitungan produktivitas padi adalah dengan memanfaatkan algoritma nilai Normalized Difference Vegetation Indeks (NDVI) dari analisis citra Landsat 8 selama 6 tahunan. Melalui identifikasi umur tanaman padi dapat diketahui pola tanam dan waktu panen. Nilai NDVI pada saat akan panen atau padi berumur 14-16 MST dijadikan acuan untuk pendugaan produktivitas yang dikorelasikan dengan produktivitas data ubinan. Analisis pada umur 14-16 MST didapatkan hubungan negatif. Semakin tinggi nilai NDVI maka produktivitas semakin rendah dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) adalah 0,8856. Dengan persamaan regresi yang didapatkan y = -9,4514x + 10,467. Terdapat nilai simpangan tertinggi 10,86 % atau 0,61 ton, sedangkan yang terkecil yaitu 1,45 % atau 0,07 ton. Sebaran produktivitas padi berdasarkan nilai NDVI di Daerah Irigasi Batang Anai dibagi menjadi tiga kawasan yaitu hulu sebesar 6,45 ton/ha GKP, tengah sebesar 6,46 ton/ha GKP, dan hilir sebesar 5,42 ton/ha GKP

RANCANGAN POLA PENGEMBANGAN IRIGASI POMPA DANGKAL BERDASARKAN DATA GEOSPASIAL PADA DAERAH IRIGASI POMPA III NAGARI SINGKARAK

Pemanfaatan pompa air dangkal sebagai alternatif pemecahan permasalahan dalam penyediaan kebutuhan air tanaman pada lahan pertanian di Daerah Irigasi Nagari Singkarak perlu diatur pola pengembangannya, sehingga keberlanjutan ketersediaan air tanah tetap terjaga. Rancangan pola pengembangannya memanfaatkan data geospasial sehingga dapat dikaji ruang atau wilayah layanan dari suatu pompa air dangkal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan DI Pompa III Nagari Singkarak dengan luas 61,93 ha mempunyai irigasi pompa dangkal sebanyak 40 unit (hasil survey Agustus 2013). Dalam pengembangan irigasi pompa dangkal dari hasil analisis berdasarkan luas layanan optimum, hanya dibutuhkan 32 unit pompa dangkal untuk DI Pompa III Nagari Singkara

KAJIAN LONGSOR AKIBAT GEMPA DI NAGARI TANDIKEK KECAMATAN PARTAMUAN KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN SUMATERA BARAT, INDONESIA

Earthquacke on 30th of September 2009 in West Sumatra had ruined Padang Pariaman, Agam, and Padang city districts.  The damage was not only caused by the earthquake itself but also due to the landsliding following the earthquake, such as in Tandikek.   Hundreds of people, houses, buildings, schools, as well as agricultural land (ricefield and dryland farming) were burried in Lubuk Laweh, Kepala Koto and Cumanak.  This research was conducted by employing survey method and by observing the phenomenon of tuff pumice on how it was affected by earthquake and water.  Then, soil characteristics were analysed based on soil physical data from previous research.  Several soil characteristics analysed were soil texture, bulk density, structure and depth of solum, organic matter content, and permeability.  Land characteristics were determined through field visit.  Some land condition being observed was slope (percentage and length), stone exposed, soil water depth, and land use.  Additionally, besides from field visit, the data were also obtained from topography and morphology maps derived from Google Earth.  Rainfall data (monthly and annually) were collected from several nearby meteorology stations.  Analyses for degree of landsliding risks for an area were used soil and land characteristics criteria causing landsliding.  Based on field visit, it was seen that the research area was still susceptible to landsliding.  This was due to the parent materials of the soil deriving from tuff pumice which is crumb structure and loamy texture on the top layer.  Climate, especially annual rainfall in study site was high enough (approximately 4322 mm) which was evently distributed all year long without dry month.    Slope of the area was > 45%, especially areas hit by landsliding.  Land use was not based on soil conservation rule, such as coconut and arenga pinneca, and other mixed trees were planted on the area having > 45% slope.  The results of the soil characteristic analyses  showed that HARKAT interval of lansliding threat was 13 and land characteristics showed 20.  Summation of HARKAT values from soil and land characteristics was 33.  This number showed that the study site had high degree of landsliding risk.  The possibility of areas would be hit by lansliding were Partamuan, Koto Timur,  Sungai Geringging, and around Maninjau lake.Keywords : earthquake, soil and land characteristics, tuff pumice, wet tropica

Sosialisasi Pemeliharaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) pada Masyarakat Berada di Das Kuranji Kota Padang

Daerah aliran Sungai atau yang disebut DAS khususnya DAS Kuranji meruapakan semua kawasan yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas Batang Kuranji. Saat ini air pada Batang Kuranji mengalami peramsalahan yang serius, mulai dari debit air yang sangat fluktuatif antara musim hujan dan kemarau, terjadinya pendangkalan sungai di bagian hilir, intensifnya penambangan galian C di bagian Hulu dan Tengah Kawasan DAS, alih fungsi lahan yang sangat intensif di bagian Hulu DAS, sampah yang potensial merusak badan sungai dan lingkungan, semuanya menjadikan DAS semakin tidak sehat. Tujuan kegiatan adalah memberikan pemahaman pada masyarakat di kawasan DAS Kuranji pentingnya memelihara DAS untuk kehidupan yang bersinergi antara alam dan manusia secara kesinambungan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama 1 bulan dan 2 kali tiap minggu di 5 kecamatan yang berada dalam kawasan DAS Kuranji, yaitu Koto Tangah, Padang Utara, Nanggalo, Kuranji dan Pauh. Metode pelaksanaannya adalah dengan memberikan ceramah, diskusi (tanya jawab) dan buku program kerja FDAS Kota Padang pada Camat. Hasil kegiatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Kegiatan sosialisasi memberikan dampak positif terhadap pemehaman masyarakat yang berada di dalam DAS Kuranji dalam upaya pemeliharaan DAS. Masyarakat mengharapkan kegiatan sosialisasidapat lebih intensif dilaksakan hingga ke kelurahan agar hasilnya jauh lebih efektif dibandingkan hanya di Kecamatan saja

The Evaluation of Watershed Condition of Sumani Based in Solok Regency Based on Land Characteristic

The functions of watershed have decreased from year to year as a results of environmental degradation. Uncontrolled land use without regard to soil and water conservation leads to increase erosion and sedimentation, decreases of vegetation cover, and accelerates of land degradation. This study was conducted at watershed of Sumani, Solok Regency, West Sumatra. Analysis of watershed conditions used scoring and weighting methods. The parameters used in this study referred to Regulation of the Forestry Ministry of Indonesia number .P.61 / Menhut-II / 2014 including critical land, vegetation cover, and erosion index. The results of study show that watershed condition based on 2016 data was very bad category, with the class for each parameter was very high (critical land), very bad (vegetation cover), and very high (erosion index). Watershed conditions are closely related to watershed management systems. Increased demands on natural resources (water, land and forests), cause changes to the watershed conditions

Penggunaan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda untuk Mendapatkan Model Prediksi Respon Asam Lemak Bebas dan Dobi Hasil Rebusan Tandan Buah Segar Sawit

Target of this research are : ( 1) Knowing physical result of steaming of Fresh Fruit Bunch; ( 2) Knowing the chemical of result of steaming of Fresh Fruit Bunch; ( 3) Finding model of prediction respon result of sterilization of Fresh Fruit Bunch ( 4 ) Determining time depth of steaming most precise to condition of raw material ( FFB ) to be sterilization. This research done at PT.Bio Nusantara Teknologi Bengkulu, by using horizontal type sterilizer. Research method the used  experiment which is  direct to be done at factory.  Multiple regression analysis to analyse data obtained, to the investigation of influence of free variable to variable of respon representing indicator efficacy of sterilization operation. Result of research indicate that treatment of variation : heavy classification of bunches,  fruit maturity and time depth steaming to have an effect on to respon result of sterilization perceived. Model of Prediction of met steaming respon as follows : Y1(Evaporation %) = 5,18 - 0,042 X1- 0,012 X2+0,082 X3 ; Y2 ( Fruit lose, g)=1629,96+8,14X1 - 3,22 X2 - 10,22 X3 ; Y3(Throughput apart mesokarp, g / men ) = - 0,748 - 0,297 X1 + 0,111 X2 + 0,336 X3 ; Y4 (percent heavy of mesokarp = 60,12 - 0,044 X1 + 0,018 X2 - 0,103 X3 ; Y5 ( Amount of kernel break = - 1,515 - 0,06 X1+ 0,035 X2 + 0,115 X3 ; Y6 ( FFA )= - 0,655 + 0,011 X1 + 0,029 X2 + 0,032 X3 and  Y7 ( DOBI) = 5,205 - 0,001 X1 + 0,01 X2 - 0,024 X3. Time depth steaming correct to braise small FFB, unrippe = 95 minute with score assess 7; Small FFB, mature = 95 minute with score assess 6; Small FFB over  mature = 90 minute with score assess 6. Time depth steaming correct for big FFB, unrippe = 100 minute with wight assess 6; Big FFB mature = 80 minute with score assess 5 and for big FFB, over mature = 95 minute with score assess 6

Program Cerdas Penghijauan Dengan Casuarina Equisetifolia di Pantai Parupuk Tabing Kota Padang

Kegiatan penghjauan di Pantai Parupuk Tabing Kota Padang merupakan suatu keharusan dan menjadi tanggung jawab semua fihak.  Hal ini karena kondisi pantai yang sangat tandus, dan mengkhawatirkan adanya isu tsunami yang akan membahayakan secara langsung masyarakat yang ada ditepi pantai.  Saat ini pemerintah Kota Padang sudah membangun crip pemecah ombak dengan menumpuk secara teratur batu coral menjorok ke laut yang berguna memecah ombak.  Namun jika ada bencana gempa yang besar, hal ini dianggap akan membahayakan.  Oleh sebab itu penghijauan pantai menggunakan tanaman casuarina equisetifolia menjadi laternatif yang paling aman.  Masyarakat digandeng bersama dalam upaya menghijuakan pantai, baik dalam kegiatan menyulam tanaman yang mati atau juga memelihara tanaman yang tumbuh. Dari kegiatan memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat pantai upaya pemeliharaan tanaman yang baik, mampu menurunkan angka kematian tanaman dari 30%  menjadi 5% saja. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat agar mampu memelihara lingkungan khususnya menjaga tanaman yang tumbuh agar tepi pantai terpelihara tetap hijau. Selain itu, diharapkan pantai tidak mudah tergerus ombak. Kesimpulan kegiatan penghijauan pantai Parupuk Tabing dengan menggunakan tanaman Casurina sangat efektif dalam memelihara pantai dari kekeringan dan kegersangan. Upaya tersebut menjadi sangat besar maknanya karena ada  komitmen bersama antara masyarakat sekitar yang mendapat manfaat dari penghijauan tersebut. Kerjasama dengan masyarakat mencegah banyaknya tanaman yang mati akibat kekeringan