Intervalles de prévision de vente de produit avec historique nul ou limité

Cet article introduit une méthode de calcul d’intervalles de prévision de vente pour des nouveaux produits sans historique de vente avant leur mise en marché et dont la chronique se construit progressivement au fil des jours dès l’amorce de la saison de vente. Cette méthode permet d’estimer, à l’aide d’un intervalle, les ventes futures d’un nouveau produit pour toute la saison de vente, notamment dans le but d’aider la prise de décision de réapprovisionnement visant à maximiser les ventes et la profitabilité

A modelling approach of pooled urban consolidation centers

International audienceCity logistics are the last link of complex supply chains which involve numerous stakeholders: carriers, inhabitants, public administration, etc. It is a small part of the total traveled distance, nevertheless it can represent up to 28% of the total transport cost [1]. Moreover, air pollution emissions related to urban freight transport is estimated between 16% and 50% of the overall pollution made by transport activities in a city [2]. Most of time, communal decision-makers do not have enough knowledge to take adapting local public policy to face these stakes [3]. As aforementioned, designing efficient transport facilitates small businesses, shops and boutiques, and therefore improve livelihood and livability of cities [4]. Hence, it is necessary to provide sustainable solutions to relieve the traffic congestion on the city center and reduce the environmental impact of urban freight transport.City logistics’ solutions available in literature [5,6] seem to be based on the use of two principles: multi-modal and pooling. Two research questions emerge. The first, how could the use of multi-modal facilities address city logistics issues? The second which is the purpose of this paper: which impact would the use of pooling concept have on urban logistics?Our approach is to develop a “What if” decision support system to provide pertinent information beforehand when designing a city logistics project. Indeed, there is a pressing need to establish models allowing ex ante assessment [7,8]

Prévision de vente et aide à la décision de réapprovisionnement de produits à cycle rapide

Cet article introduit une méthode de prise de décision de réapprovisionnement de produits à court cycle de vie afin de desservir un réseau de magasins de détail. La méthode permet de cibler les produits à fort potentiel de vente, de prévoir les ventes jusqu’à la fin de la saison et d’élaborer des recommandations de réapprovisionnement sur la base d’informations de demande, de vente, d’inventaire, de commande et de délai d’approvisionnement. L’objectif est d’identifier rapidement les produits à réapprovisionner et déterminer la taille des commandes afin d’augmenter les revenus potentiels et la profitabilité des entreprises

The Physical Internet and Business Model Innovation

Building on the analogy of data packets within the Digital Internet, the Physical Internet is a concept that dramatically transforms how physical objects are designed, manufactured, and distributed. This approach is open, efficient, and sustainable beyond traditional proprietary logistical solutions, which are often plagued by inefficiencies. The Physical Internet redefines supply chain configurations, business models, and value-creation patterns. Firms are bound to be less dependent on operational scale and scope trade-offs because they will be in a position to offer novel hybrid products and services that would otherwise destroy value. Finally, logistical chains become flexible and reconfigurable in real time, thus becoming better in tune with firm strategic choices. This article focuses on the potential impact of the Physical Internet on business model innovation, both from the perspectives of Physical-Internet enabled and enabling business models

Simulating a physical internet enabled mobility web: the case of mass distribution in France

International audiencePhysical Internet (PI, π) is a novel concept aiming to render more economically, environmentally and socially efficient and sustainable the way physical objects are transported, handled, stored, realized, supplied and used throughout the world. It enables, among other webs, the Mobility Web which deals with moving physical objects within an interconnected set of unimodal and multimodal hubs, transits, ports, roads and ways. We want to develop and use holistic simulations to study and quantify the impact in terms of economical, environmental, and social efficiency and performance of evolving from the current system of freight transportation toward an open logistics web in France. This paper focuses on how the mobility web simulator supporting this study was designed and developed. The simulator produces large-scale simulations of mobility webs consisting of a large number of companies, sites and agents dealing with thousands of daily orders. It supports route and rail transportation modes, pallets and PI-containers for product shipping, different kinds of routing and shipping strategies, and various types of hubs

Transport Items and Physical Internet Handling Boxes: a Comparison Framework Across Supply Chains

Pallets, cardboard boxes, and plastic crates are widely used tools to operate supply chains. As such they have many impacts on handling effort, shipment protection, transport mean utilization as well as repositioning and recycling efforts and they represent billions of assets spread all over the world. The historical and local origins of the designs and the sharing among many stakeholders do not ensure at all any kind of global optimization. The purpose of this paper is to define and explain a research effort to better measure and evaluate the efficiencies and inefficiencies for supply chain stakeholders for themselves and globally. When validated the framework will be sued to evaluate new designs on a global scale especially for the design of the handling box related to the Physical Internet concept

Introducing the Concept of Hyperconnected Mobile Production

Many globalized businesses are trying to cope with growing competition by strategically expanding their dedicated network of production facilities so as to be able to offer and to deliver time and price competitive offers to their clients across the world. In this paper, exploiting Physical Internet principles, we introduce the concept of hyperconnected mobile production that can alternatively enable businesses to dynamically expand and contract as necessary their production capacity in regions worldwide. First, hyperconnected mobile production exploits open fabs from multiple parties readily available in those regions. Second, these fabs are to rely on plug-and-play production modules. These modules are to be flowed in and out of open fabs worldwide by the fab operators or their business clients so as to absorb dynamic production requirements from customers. Third, the production modules are to be dynamically re-configurable through adding and removing plug-and-play modular resources. We first show that hyperconnected mobile production builds on eight innovation threads: distributed, outsourced, on-demand, modular, additive, mobile, containerized and hyperconnected production. We then provide an overall description of key facets of the hyperconnected mobile production concept and finally elicit a number of promising research avenues

Refurburshing and Recycling Facilities Design Methodology

To design a facility, expected flows between the resources is one of the most important input. Flows are usually calculated given some statistics of previous periods or from the expected demand and the process required. However, in a refurbishing and recycling facility, flows are very fluctuating and not trivial to predict. The quantity produced by such facility not only depends on the demand but also on the supplies which are returned products under guaranty or discarded products after their end-of-use. The uncertainty and the variability on these supplies are often higher than the one on the demand which makes it even more complex to calculate the expected flows. This article contributes a methodology for designing such recycling and refurbishing facilities that are concurrently efficient and robust. It provides an empirical illustration of the methodology through a computer refurbishing and recycling facility case study

Mapping Client Expectations for Better Business Design Innovation

This paper looks at the impacts of customer centricity (business models focused on understanding customer needs) and pull orientation (value chains whose output is dictated by end-user demand rather than producer capacity) on business design innovation in a new economy context. The key concepts are represented as client expectations. These are mapped over a business design framework, showing how they impact all aspects of the business in various ways. The result is a rich yet simple semantic network yielding relations, dependencies and synergies at a glance, based on the co-authors’ Tetrahedral Business Design Framework

Reducing Transport Miles Through the Use of Mobile Hubs: A Case Study in Local Food Supply Chains

Though environmentally friendly in many regards, local supply chains are often inefficient due to lack of proper infrastructure. This paper explores the use and placement of mobile hubs for consolidation and distribution of goods in local supply chains. Specifically, we look at local food supply chains where food typically travels from rural farms to suburban and urban restaurants. Currently, consolidation is minimal and not optimized in these supply chains. This paper computes suitability and location analysis through a novel multi-criterion scoring methodology utilizing kernel density and network analysis. The effectiveness of these mobile hubs is assessed through strategic routing, where the routes are optimized for time and distance. Results indicate that on average mobile hubs do in fact reduce mileage and number of stops, lessening emissions in addition to saving time and money. The proposed methodology can be implemented in other local supply chains to better consolidate and distribute goods