Performance Comparison Between A Simple Full-Duplex Multi-Antenna Relay And A Passive Intelligent Reflecting Surface

In this paper, we propose a single RF-chain multi-antenna full-duplex (FD) relay built with $b$-bit analog phase shifters and passive self-interference cancellation. The hardware complexity of the proposed FD relay with 2-bit quantized analog phase shifters is on the same order as the hardware complexity of a passive intelligent reflecting surface (IRS). Next, assuming only passive self-interference cancellation at the FD relay, we derive the achievable data rate of a system comprised of a source, the proposed FD relay, and a destination. We then compare the achievable data rate of the proposed FD relaying system with the achievable data rate of the same system but with the FD relay replaced by an ideal passive IRS. Our results show that the proposed relaying system with 2-bit quantized analog phase shifters can significantly outperform the IRS-assisted system. Intuitively, the IRS system is in disadvantage since there the total transmit power $P_T$ is used entirely by the source, whereas in the FD relaying system the total power $P_T$ is shared by the source and the FD relay in addition to the noise-cleansing process performed by the decode-and-forwarding at the FD relay

Performance Enhancement of 5G wireless Networks

The outcome of this study contributes to the enhancement of next generation wireless networks by presenting capacity bounds of massive MIMO systems, and proposing practical relays with massive number of antennas. </p

A Survey on Medical Students\' Viewpoint on Logbook as a Tool for Recording New Ideas and Reflection

Introduction:Reflection promotes self-awareness, self-guidance,and the ability to make crucial descsions in medical doctors.This study was done to determine the viewpoint of the students of medicine,dntistry,and pharmacology studying in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a logbook was designed for recording and analyzing ideas in order to prevent them from being forgotten and to reflect on and use them in practice. This logbook was distributed among students of medicine, dentistry and pharmacy after they had attended an educational workshop on creativity and brain storming. A questionnaire was prepared in order to assess the students' views. The questionnaire was validated for content validity and was approved by experts. Its reliability coefficient was proved to be 0.76% using Cornbach's alpha coefficient. After 2 months, the questionnaires were given to the students. The data were analyzed through SPSS 14. Results: 36% of the respondents had used the logbooks and 64.2% of them evaluated them as effective or very effective. The students who used the logbook recorded 11 ideas in it within 2 months . 46.7% of the students did not record any ideas in the logbook and the reason was expressed to be lack of motivation and low mood. Conclusion: Based on the results, lack of both motivation and inclination for activity leads to lack of effective ideas which are to be practiced in the society. Due to the fact that only 25% of the students used daily schedule section of the logbook, it seems that the students are not familiar with time management strategies and they usually waste their time the problem is not lack of time. However, in spite of the fact that using logbooks by the students is beneficial, educational workshops on time management and also devising concept and mind maps from the ideas are necessary

Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.

The respiratory system was primarily considered the only organ affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As the pandemic continues, there is an increasing concern from the scientific community about the future effects of the virus on male and female reproductive organs, infertility, and, most significantly, its impact on the future generation. The general presumption is that if the primary clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are not controlled, we will face several challenges, including compromised infertility, infection-exposed cryopreserved germ cells or embryos, and health complications in future generations, likely connected to the COVID-19 infections of parents and ancestors. In this review article, we dedicatedly studied severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virology, its receptors, and the effect of the virus to induce the activation of inflammasome as the main arm of the innate immune response. Among inflammasomes, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway activation is partly responsible for the inflicted damages in both COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, so the main focus of the discussion is on NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection alongside in the reproductive biology. In addition, the potential effects of the virus on male and female gonad functions were discussed, and we further explored the potential natural and pharmacological therapeutic approaches for comorbidity via NLRP3 inflammasome neutralization to develop a hypothesis for averting the long-term repercussions of COVID-19. Since activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the damage caused by COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have a great potential to be considered candidates for alleviating the pathological effects of the COVID-19 infection on the germ cells and reproductive tissues. This would impede the subsequent massive wave of infertility that may threaten the patients