Betomethason effects on pain relief and nausea after hemorrhoidectomy

درد پس از عمل از مهم ترین مشکلات بیماران جراحی می باشد. با توجه به تاثیر پروستاگلاندین ها در ایجاد درد، مطالعه حاضر جهت بررسی تاثیر بتامتازون قبل از عمل جهت کاهش درد و تهوع پس از عمل هموروئید انجام گرفت. 66 بیمار مبتلا به هموروئید داخلی درجه سه کاندیدای عمل جراحی انتخاب گردیده و در دو گروه 33 نفری قرار گرفتند. در گروه مورد قبل از عمل، 6 میلی گرم بتامتازون عضلانی تزریق شد. در هر گروه پس از عمل هموروئیدکتومی میزان درد بر اساس معیار Visual Analogue Scale) VAS) در ساعات اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم و زمان ترخیص اندازه گیری شد. میزان تهوع نیز در دو گروه بررسی و مقایسه گردید. میانگین سنی بیماران 26/8±4/37 سال بود. به جز در ساعت اول وزمان ترخیص، در سایر ساعات مورد مطالعه، شدت درد در دو گروه مورد به صورت معنی داری از شاهد کمتر بود (05/0

A METHOD TO CALIBRATE PERCENTAGE DAYLIGHT FACTOR AT ENCLOSED INTERNAL CORRIDOR USING SCALED MODEL AND SIMULATION

Enclosed corridors are long and they usually have no window provisions and require electric lighting to be switched on for 24 hours continuously to operate. Some corridor designs have openings for daylight at the ends, while others supplement daylight at the middle. The most part of these corridors are dark and consuming a lot of nonrenewable energy from artificial light. This paper explores how enclosed internal corridors do get the benefits of daylight depending on the corridor designs. It explores how percentage DF (Daylight Factor) less than 1%, especially in Malaysia where the skies are bright, can be beneficial and useful. The illumination required for corridors are minimal according to standards. Field work measurements were taken in selected enclosed corridor of a hostel building on typical overcast days and readings on %DF were then recorded. A scaled model of similar design was built to be experimented in the artificial sky to get a same set of readings; followed by simulation using Radiance. Results show that the readings calibrate well between field work compared to the scaled model in artificial sky and simulation with less than 10% differences. It was found that values of %DF of 0.5 and below calibrated well. Comparison were also carried out in terms of absolute illuminance and it was found that daylight illuminance less than 40 lux in corridors should not be underestimatedand were still useful even though lower than the usual standards for corridor illumination. This successful calibration will be used for further experimentation how enclosed corridors can be naturally lit by simulations

PENGARUH PENGATURAN TEMPAT DUDUK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI DI SMK NEGERI 1 MAKASSAR

This research aimed to study the effect of seating arrangements on student learning outcomes at SMK 1 Negeri Makassar. The variable in this research was seating arrangements as the independent variable and the student’s learning outcomes as the dependent variable. The populations was all the students class XI at SMK Negeri 1 Makassar consisting of 133. Student’s the sampling technique using proportionate stratified random sampling with the sample by 57 students. The data were collected through observation and documentation. The data were analyzed using the hypothesis test using SPSS 25 for windows. The hypotesis test consisting of the simple regression linear analysis, the coefficient of determinations and the T-table test. Based on the results of data analysis, a simple linear regression equation Y=35,401+0648 was obtained, which means the seating arrangements had positively influenced on students learning outcomes means each addition of 1 value of the seating arrangements then the value of students learning outcomes has increased by 0,648. The result of coefficient of determinations ( ) earned value = 60% means that the seating arrangements had a contributions to students learning outcomes by 60 percent and the rest 40 percent influenced by the other factors. The result of the T-table test was obtained the significant value by 0,000>0,05 means that seating arrangements had significantly influenced students learning outcomes so that the hypotesis was accepted. Keywords : Seating Arrangements, Learning Outcome

WALL DESIGN FOR BORROWED DAYLIGHT IN ENCLOSED CORRIDORS

Previous studies by same authors, % DF values were calibrated comparing field work data to Radiance simulations and scaled model study for an enclosed corridor in tropical climate. Corridor walls are usually opaque resulting in very dark situations relying solely on artificial lighting. The objectives of this study in Paper 2 are to further investigate the extent of daylight which can be borrowed to light the internal enclosed corridors. This is carried out by experimenting on the various types of corridor wall designs with added transparent or glazed areas for daylight to be borrowed to the enclosed corridors. The designs experimented with various horizontal and vertical alternatives. The effects of these new corridor wall designs to daylight distribution in corridors are investigated by Radiance simulations. Results are compared to base case which is a situation of all opaque walls for the corridors as the worst situation. The findings show that the newer designs of corridor walls can provide daylight to corridors with significant improvements. Even though the %DF found were very low, outdoor illuminance in tropics are high therefore it is still sufficient for corridor lighting. Corridors with 50% glazed areas in a 4 strips horizontal design was found to perform the best for allowing borrowed daylight to occur

Pengembangan Ornamental Landscape yang Berkelanjutan untuk Mengurangi Surface Urban Heat Island di Masjid Asy-Syifaa Kota Kendari

Revegetation based on the ornamental landscape is one of the efforts to reduce the surface of urban heat islands (SUHI), the intensity of which is always influenced by land surface temperature (LST). The focus of the PBM scheme community service program in the scope of PKM is disaster mitigation due to climate change, significantly reducing the risk of disasters due to LST. The program aims to reduce SUHI through vegetation modification using edible and ornamental plants as elements forming the landscape with a public education approach and revegetation actions. The results of PBM-PKM in public education activities show the high enthusiasm of the community in participating in activities and show that the level of partner understanding of the concept of revegetation has reached 100%. As a result of revegetation activities, as many as 342 edible plants and ornamental plant seeds invested in the community were successfully planted in the Asy-Syifaa Mosque, Kendari City landscape. The achievement of increasing the level of community empowerment shows a significant increase in understanding regarding the importance of creating vegetation in the yard landscape to reduce the risk of disasters due to rising LST through vegetation, which has been understood 100% by target partners. The results of monitoring and evaluating the growth of edible plants and ornamental plants as landscape-forming elements were able to grow well in the Asy-Syifaa Mosque area.Revegetation based on the ornamental landscape is one of the efforts to reduce the surface of urban heat islands (SUHI), the intensity of which is always influenced by land surface temperature (LST). The focus of the PBM scheme community service program in the scope of PKM is disaster mitigation due to climate change, significantly reducing the risk of disasters due to LST. The program aims to reduce SUHI through vegetation modification using edible and ornamental plants as elements forming the landscape with a public education approach and revegetation actions. The results of PBM-PKM in public education activities show the high enthusiasm of the community in participating in activities and show that the level of partner understanding of the concept of revegetation has reached 100%. As a result of revegetation activities, as many as 342 edible plants and ornamental plant seeds invested in the community were successfully planted in the Asy-Syifaa Mosque, Kendari City landscape. The achievement of increasing the level of community empowerment shows a significant increase in understanding regarding the importance of creating vegetation in the yard landscape to reduce the risk of disasters due to rising LST through vegetation, which has been understood 100% by target partners. The results of monitoring and evaluating the growth of edible plants and ornamental plants as landscape-forming elements were able to grow well in the Asy-Syifaa Mosque area

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ELECTRON TRANSFER REACTION MECHANISM OF TiOSO4 AND MnSO4 IN SULFURIC ACID SOLUTION

An electrochemical characteristic evaluation of the Ti-Mn electrolyte system in sulfuric acid aqueous solution is studied in different acid concentrations with and without the mixing of TiOSO4 and MnSO4 electrolyte system for a redox flow battery application. The reaction mechanism of Mn in sulfuric acid electrolyte is studied using the cyclic voltammetry and the anodic voltage hold techniques. The overall anodic behavior of the Mn system can be described by the oxidation reaction of Mn2+ to MnO2 where Mn3+ is an intermediate species. As the acid concentration increases, less MnO2 is formed on the working electrode and more Mn3+ is formed in the solution; however, due to the instability of Mn3+ in an aqueous solution, Mn3+ undergoes a significant hydrolysis reaction to precipitate as MnOOH in the electrolyte solution. The addition of 1M TiOSO4 to the Mn electrolyte is found to lower the H+ concentration which is believed to increase the amount of MnOOH in the solution and lower the concentration of aqueous Mn3+. The formed MnOOH by the Mn3+ hydrolysis reaction is proven to be electrochemically active if it is deposited on the working electrode. The reaction mechanism of Ti in sulfuric acid electrolyte is studied using the cyclic voltammetry technique. Two electro-active species are found to be electrochemically active within the studied voltage window which are Ti4+, and TiSO42+. In 1M H2SO4, Ti4+ is found to be the dominant electro-active species, and in 3M H2SO4, TiSO42+ is found to be the dominant electro-active species. The addition of 1M MnSO4 to the 1M TiOSO4+3M H2SO4 solution results in a high concentration of undissociated MnSO4, and it is found that the dissociation of MnSO4 to SO42- improve the activity of the redox reaction of the Ti(IV)/Ti(III) couple. With the increase of H2SO4 and the addition of MnSO4 in the Ti electrolyte, the electrochemical behavior of the Ti(IV)/Ti(III) redox couple tends toward the reversibility

Kinetic Light Shelf Design And The Impacts On Daylighting Performance In Tropical Climate

This research aims to introduce an optimized office workspace that meets the sufficient daylight availability by using a manually controlled kinetic light shelf system. This research determines the light-shelf controlled parameters that can be manually adjusted and are applicable under tropical climate according to these variables: modified horizontal locations, height positions, external and internal parts depth, and external and internal parts tilt angles