E2XLRADR (Energy Efficient Cross Layer Routing Algorithm with Dynamic Retransmission for Wireless Sensor Networks)

The main focus of this article is to achieve prolonged network lifetime with overall energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks through controlled utilization of limited energy. Major percentage of energy in wireless sensor network is consumed during routing from source to destination, retransmission of data on packet loss. For improvement, cross layered algorithm is proposed for routing and retransmission scheme. Simulation and results shows that this approach can save the overall energy consumptio

SURVEY: Increasing Energy of Node by Modified Leach protocol

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisting of hundreds or thousands of small tiny nodes. This small node is also known as MOTE. These nodes have characteristics that have limited energy and densely deployed over (geographical area) the network. It has been demonstrated as Low-energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). LEACH is an energy efficient routing algorithm for WSN and Leach operation is depends on two phase , first is Steady Phase and Second is Setup Phase. In this paper, we define the mechanism of Cluster Head (CH) selection of LEACH protocol and modified LEACH known as HAND (Heterogeneous and Special Nodes Distributed LEACH) which employs Clustering in different Zones depends upon energy distribution. The Objective of this modified LEACH to reduce distance between sensor node and base station

Premier Dynamic Bandwidth Management and Tensile Wavelength Selection Ensuring QoS for NG-EPONs

Next Generation Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (NG-EPONs) have emerged as a leading choice for global network connectivity due to their cost-effectiveness, enhanced security, and energy efficiency. As data demands continue to surge with technological advancements, the need for efficient bandwidth management and wavelength selection in NG-EPONs becomes paramount. This paper presents two innovative algorithms—Tensile Wavelength and Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (TW-DBA) and Premier Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (PDBA)—designed to optimize bandwidth allocation and maintain Quality of Service (QoS) under varying network conditions. The TW-DBA algorithm achieves a remarkable throughput of 2.34 Gbps, driven by its dynamic wavelength selection mechanism that accounts for factors such as ONU-OLT distance, power availability, and bandwidth demand. Comparative analysis reveals that TW-DBA outperforms existing algorithms like Flexible Wavelength (FW), First-Fit, and Water Filled, both in computational efficiency and resource allocation. Furthermore, the PDBA algorithm demonstrates a minimum blockage probability of 0.0025 for limited ONU scenarios and 0.005 in unlimited scenarios, ensuring uniform bandwidth distribution. Simulation results confirm the superior performance and effectiveness of the proposed models, positioning them as robust solutions for the evolving demands of NG-EPONs