Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess adherence to the healthy food pyramid in Spanish adults

We aimed to design and validate a new questionnaire of adherence to healthy food pyramid (HFP) (AP-Q), to improve previous instruments. The questionnaire was self-administered and included 28 questions from 10 categories (physical activity, health habits, hydration, grains, fruits, vegetables, oil type, dairy products, animal proteins, and snacks). A population of 130 Spanish adults answered it, obtaining scores from each category and a global score of HFP adherence (AP-Q score). Validation was performed through principal components analysis (PCA) and internal consistency by Cronbach’s alpha. AP-Q was also externally validated with Kidmed-test, answered by 45 individuals from the cohort. The global AP-Q score was 5.1 1.3, with an internal consistency of 64%. The PCA analysis extracted seven principal components, which explained 68.5% of the variance. The global AP-Q score was positively associated with Kidmed-test score. Our data suggest that AP-Q is a complete and robust questionnaire to assess HFP adherence, with several advantages: easy to complete, cost-e ective, timesaving and has the competency to assess, besides diet, several features a ecting health status, lacking in other instruments. We suggest that AP-Q could be useful in epidemiological research, although it requires additional calibration to analyze its reproducibility and validation in other populationsFinanced by Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Khon Kaen University (KKU: 0514.7.I.12-1948

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection for the analysis of glutathione and its precursor γ-glutamyl cysteine in wines and model wines supplemented with oenological inactive dry yeast preparations

El pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print.A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection methodology involving a pre-column derivatization procedure using 2,3-naphtalenedialdehyde in the presence of 5 and 0. 5 mM of dithiothreitol to determine total and reduced glutathione (GSH) and γ-glutamyl-cysteine (γ-glu-cys) in musts and wines has been set up and validated. The proposed method showed good linearity (R 2 >99% for reduced and total GSH, and R 2 >98% for γ-glu-cys) in synthetic wines, over a wide range of concentration (0-10 mg L -1). The limits of detection for reduced GSH in synthetic and real wines were almost the same (0. 13 and 0. 15 mg L -1, respectively) and slightly higher for γ-glu-cys (0. 24 mg L -1). The application of the method allowed knowing, for the first time, the amount of total and reduced GSH and γ-glu-cys released into synthetic wines by oenological preparations of commercial inactive dry yeast (IDY). In addition, the evolution of these three compounds during the winemaking and shelf life (0-9 months) of an industrially manufactured rosé wine supplemented with a GSH-enriched IDY showed that although GSH is effectively released from IDY, it is rapidly oxidized during alcoholic fermentation, contributing to the higher total GSH content determined in wines supplemented with GSH-enriched IDYs compared to control wines. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.IAO and JJRB acknowledge CAM and CSIC for their respective research grants. This work has been founded by PET2007-0134 project.Peer Reviewe

Hacia una educación física comprometida con la sociedad

La educación física dirigida al desarrollo de la persona y su socialización, así como a la promoción de una vida saludable debería asegurar una relación y compromiso directo con el contexto social. Con este objetivo, se presentan diferentes propuestas de ApS que han sido realizadas con éxito en diferentes etapas educativas

Effectiveness of Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy versus Combination Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy: A Meta-Analysis

The unparalleled success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is based on the combination of three drugs from two classes. There is insufficient evidence whether simplification to ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) monotherapy in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients is effective and safe to reduce cART side effects and costs

Unitats d’aprenentatge interdisciplinari en la doble titulació de Mestre d’Educació Infantil i d’Educació Primària

Podeu consultar la versió castellana al camp recurs relacionat.L’obra que es presenta es un llibre sobre competències transversals implicades a la doble titulació de Mestre d’Educació Infantil i Educació Primària, a partir del model formatiu basat en Unitats d’aprenentatge, com a eix vertebrador. És un llibre actual i útil, per a professors que imparteixin docència en els Estudis del Grau de Mestre de doble titulació d’Educació Infantil i Educació Primària com als Estudis de Grau de Mestre d’Educació Infantil i Grau de Mestre d’Educació Primària; i ho és també pels alumnes que estan estudiant aquestes titulacions. El públic al que va dirigit és ampli i necessita de materials curriculars que els facin no només de guia sinó que els proporcionin també exemplificacions argumentades de forma rigorosa, coherent i vinculades a un marc teòric científic. I en la mateixa línia, per a la Facultat d’Educació, suposarà un document de referència d’innovació educativa per anar avançant en la millora de la qualitat dels nostres Ensenyaments. Els autors del llibre, tenen àmplia i sobrada experiència docent en impartir docència en les titulacions del Grau de Mestre, així com una reconeguda trajectòria de recerca i innovació en el camp de l’educació superior; aquest fet és important i necessari en els àmbits universitaris perquè justament la seva docència es fonamenta en els resultats de les seves recerques i innovacions.L’obra que es presenta es un llibre sobre competències tranversals implicades a la doble titulació de Mestre d’Educació Infantil i Educació Primària, a partir del model formatiu basat en Unitats d’aprenentatge, com a eix vertebrador. És un llibre actual i útil, per a professors que imparteixin docència en els Estudis del Grau de Mestre de doble titulació d’Educació Infantil i Educació Primària com als Estudis de Grau de Mestre d’Educació Infantil i Grau de Mestre d’Educació Primària; i ho és també pels alumnes que estan estudiant aquestes titulacions. El públic al que va dirigit és ampli i necessita de materials curriculars que els facin no només de guia sinó que els proporcionin també exemplificacions argumentades de forma rigorosa, coherent i vinculades a un marc teòric científic. I en la mateixa línia, per a la Facultat d’Educació, suposarà un document de referència d’innovació educativa per anar avançant en la millora de la qualitat dels nostres Ensenyaments. Els autors del llibre, tenen àmplia i sobrada experiència docent en impartir docència en les titulacions del Grau de Mestre, així com una reconeguda trajectòria de recerca i innovació en el camp de l’educació superior; aquest fet és important i necessari en els àmbits universitaris perquè justament la seva docència es fonamenta en els resultats de les seves recerques i innovacions

Competències i habilitats transversals entre geologia i arqueologia prehistòrica

En aquest treball es desenvolupa una proposta concreta per abordar alguns dels objectius pedagògics, com ara la transversalitat, el treball en equip o la necessitat d'incrementar els coneixements pràctics. La perspectiva des de la que s'ha realitzat ha estat la de la col·laboració interdisciplinària entre docents universitaris que treballen en dos àmbits científics ben diferents: geologia i arqueologia prehistòrica.S'ha desenvolupat una eina pedagògica on els estudiants poden desenvolupar habilitats i capacitats com les esmentades a partir del seguiment d'un cas d'estudi concret: la determinació i procedència dels elements petris utilitzats en la construcció del sepulcre megalític de Puigseslloses (Osona). La proposta es basa en el seguiment i la participació dels estudiants en tot el procés de la recerca: el plantejament del problema historicoarqueològic, la definició de les vies d'estudi concretes, el seu desenvolupament, l'obtenció de resultats i la seva discussió interdisciplinària.En este trabajo se desarrolla una propuesta concreta para abordar algunos de los objetivos pedagógicos, como la transversalidad, el trabajo en equipo o la necesidad de incrementar los conocimientos prácticos. La perspectiva desde la que se ha realizado ha sido la de la colaboración interdisciplinaria entre docentes universitarios que trabajan en dos ámbitos científicos bien distintos: Geología y Arqueología Prehistórica. Se ha desarrollado una herramienta pedagógica a través de la cual los estudiantes pueden desarrollar habilidades y capacidades como las mencionadas a partir del seguimiento de un caso de estudio concreto: la determinación y procedencia de los elementos pétreos utilizados en la construcción del sepulcro megalítico de Puigseslloses (Osona). La propuesta se basa en que los estudiantes sigan y participen en todo el proceso de la investigación, desde el planteamiento del problema histórico-arqueológico, la definición de las vías de estudio concretas, su desarrollo y la obtención de resultados, hasta su discusión interdisciplinaria.This study develops a specific proposal for addressing some of the educational goals of the EHEA such as transversality, teamwork and the need to increase practical knowledge. The perspective from which the study was conducted was interdisciplinary cooperation among university professors who work in two quite different fields of science: geology and prehistoric archaeology. A pedagogical tool was developed in which students can develop skills and abilities such as the ones mentioned above by pursuing a specific case study: the description and provenance of stone elements used to build the megalithic sepulchre in Puigseslloses (Osona). The proposal is based on students' following and participating in the entire research process: posing the historical-archaeological problem, defining the specific avenues of study, conducting the study, getting the results and holding an interdisciplinary discussion of these results

Equilibria, periodic orbits around equilibria, and heteroclinic connections in the gravity field of a rotating homogeneous cube

This paper investigates the dynamics of a particle orbiting around a rotating homogeneous cube, and shows fruitful results that have implications for examining the dynamics of orbits around non-spherical celestial bodies. This study can be considered as an extension of previous research work on the dynamics of orbits around simple shaped bodies, including a straight segment, a circular ring, an annulus disk, and simple planar plates with backgrounds in celestial mechanics. In the synodic reference frame, the model of a rotating cube is established, the equilibria are calculated, and their linear stabilities are determined. Periodic orbits around the equilibria are computed using the traditional differential correction method, and their stabilities are determined by the eigenvalues of the monodromy matrix. The existence of homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits connecting periodic orbits around the equilibria is examined and proved numerically in order to understand the global orbit structure of the system. This study contributes to the investigation of irregular shaped celestial bodies that can be divided into a set of cubes.Comment: 29 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc

Validation of 40 year multimodel seasonal precipitation forecasts: The role of ENSO on the global skill

The skill of seasonal precipitation forecasts is assessed worldwide-grid point by grid point-for the 40 year period 1961-2000, considering the ENSEMBLES multimodel hindcast and applying a tercile-based probabilistic approach in terms of the relative operating characteristic skill score (ROCSS). Although predictability varies with region, season, and lead time, results indicate that (1) significant skill is mainly located in the tropics-20 to 40% of the total land areas; (2) overall, September-October (March-May) is the most (least) skillful season; and (3) the skill weakens (with respect to the 1 month lead case) at 4 months lead-especially in June-August-although the ROCSS spatial patterns are broadly preserved-particularly in Northern South America and the Malay Archipelago. The contribution of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events to this 40 year skill is also analyzed, based on the idea that the seasonal predictability may be mainly driven by El Niño and La Niña precipitation teleconnections and, consequently, limited by the ability of the different seasonal forecasting models to accurately reproduce them. Results show that the ROCSS spatial patterns for (1) the full period 1961-2000 and (2) El Niño and La Niña events are highly correlated-over 0.85. Moreover, the observed teleconnection patterns are properly simulated (predicted)-with spatial correlations around 0.8-by most of the models at both 1 and 4 months lead time

Fixed-dose combination bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir-containing regimens for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection: week 144 results from two randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, non-inferiority trials

Background: In the primary week-48 analyses of two phase 3 studies, coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide was non-inferior to a dolutegravir-containing regimen in treatment-naive people with HIV. We report week-144 efficacy and safety results from these studies. Methods: We did two double-blind, active-controlled studies (now in open-label extension phase). Study 1 randomly assigned (1:1) HLA-B*5701-negative adults without hepatitis B virus co-infection to receive coformulated bictegravir 50 mg, emtricitabine 200 mg, and tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg, or coformulated dolutegravir 50 mg, abacavir 600 mg, and lamivudine 300 mg once daily. Study 2 randomly assigned (1:1) adults to bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide, or dolutegravir 50 mg given with coformulated emtricitabine 200 mg and tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg. We previously reported non-inferiority at the primary endpoint. Here, we report the week-144 secondary outcome of proportion of participants with plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL at week 144, by US Food and Drug Administration Snapshot algorithm, analysed in the same manner. These studies were registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02607930 and NCT02607956. Findings: 629 participants were randomly assigned and treated in study 1 (314 to bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide, and 315 to dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine) and 645 in study 2 (327 to bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide, 325 to dolutegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide). At week 144, bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide was non-inferior to both dolutegravir-containing regimens for efficacy. In study 1, 256 (82%) of 314 participants had plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL in the bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide group and 265 (84%) of 315 in the dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine group (difference −2·6%, 95% CI −8·5 to 3·4). In study 2, 262 (82%) of 320 participants had plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies per mL in the bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide group and 273 (84%) of 325 in the dolutegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide group (difference −1·9%, −7·8 to 3·9). In both studies, no participant had treatment-emergent resistance to study drugs up to week 144. All treatment regimens were well tolerated with additional exposure. Adverse events that led to study drug discontinuation were reported for no participants in the bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide group versus five (2%) of 315 in the dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine group (study 1), and six (2%) of 320 in the bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide versus six (2%) of 325 in the dolutegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide group (study 2). In study 1, statistically significant differences were observed in median changes from baseline in fasting total cholesterol (14 mg/dL vs 10 mg/dL; p=0·034), direct LDL (21 mg/dL vs 14 mg/dL; p=0·004), and total cholesterol to HDL ratio (−0·1 vs −0·3; p=0·007) at week 144; no differences were observed between groups in study 2. Weight gain was seen across all treatment groups in both studies, with no differences in median changes from baseline in weight at week 144 for either study. Interpretation: These long-term data support the use of bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide as a safe, well tolerated, and durable treatment for people with HIV, with no emergent resistance. Funding: Gilead Sciences. © 2020 Elsevier Lt