Additional file 1 of LC-MS metabolomics profiling of Salvia aegyptiaca L. and S. lanigera Poir. with the antimicrobial properties of their extracts

Additional file 1

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Salvia chienii</i> E.Peter, 1936 (Lamiaceae)

Salvia chienii E.Peter is a medicinal herb mainly distributed in Huangshan Mountain of Anhui province, China. In this study, the first complete chloroplast genome of S. chienii was sequenced and assembled. The genome length was 151,530 bp and encoded 143 genes (91 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes). The phylogenomic analysis showed that S. chienii was closely related to S. miltiorrhiza. Further evolutionary studies of the genus Salvia could benefit from the complete chloroplast genome of S. chienii present in this study.</p

Comparative metabolomics of two saline-alkali tolerant plants <i>Suaeda glauca</i> and <i>Puccinellia tenuiflora</i> based on GC-MS platform

Suaeda glauca and Puccinellia tenuiflora are two important saline-alkali tolerant plants that can improve the soil properties. For exploring the different tolerance mechanisms between them, GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to comprehensively evaluate the primary metabolites differences, a total of 51 different metabolites were present in different quantities. The identified compounds were mainly 11 sugars, 7 amino acids, 5 alcohols and 18 organic acids; they play an important role in responding to the saline-alkali stress and distinguish between S. glauca and P. tenuiflora. All identified metabolites classes showed similar trend to largely accumulate in P. tenuiflora roots and S. glauca shoots, this reveals that the two plants used different physiological strategies to cope with saline-alkali stress.</p

Metabolomic and antioxidant analyses of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge and <i>Salvia prattii</i> Hemsl. seeds

Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia prattii seeds are rich in metabolites that are beneficial to human health and can be utilised as nutritional supplements. In this study, UPLC-MS and GC-MS based on extensively focused metabolomics were used to compare the seed metabolomics of the two species. LC-MS detected 118 metabolites, primarily Lipids and phenylpropanoids. GC- MS detected a total of 188 metabolites, mainly organic acids and their derivatives, of which Salvia prattii seeds contain high levels of nutrients. In addition, we experimentally determined antioxidant activity of two Salvia species, and the results showed that the antioxidant activity of Salvia prattii seeds was about twice as high as that of Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds. We used WGCNA to group the metabolites, and found the central metabolites in the focal modules including flavonoids and terpenoids. Our study contributes valuable knowledge for future research on the chemical makeup of Salvia prattii seeds.</p

DataSheet1_Metabolome and transcriptome analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of medicinal component content in the roots of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms through foliar application of zinc fertilizer.ZIP

Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms is a perennial shrub of the Acanthopanax genus in the Araliaceae family and has a high medicinal value. The application of zinc fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of medicinal materials. However, there are limited reports on approaches to increase the content of medicinal components in A. senticosus, hindering the improvement of its medicinal quality. In this study, A. senticosus was treated with 0.1% (LZn) and 0.4% (HZn) zinc sprayed on the leaf surface. The effects of zinc treatment on the medicinal components in the roots of A. senticosus were analyzed by comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses. A total of 316 metabolites were detected, with a prevailing occurrence of terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. We identified metabolites related to the medicinal components that were upregulated after Zn treatment, including 43 terpenoids, 19 phenylpropanoids, eight phenols, and three flavonoids. Combining differential gene expression and K-means analysis, we found 95, 65, and 25 upregulated genes related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, terpenoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis, respectively. Under different concentrations of Zn treatment, the upregulated metabolite biosynthesis-related genes and differentially expressed transcription factors varied. Pearson correlation network analysis revealed significant correlations among terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids biosynthetic genes, and several transcription factors (ERFs, WRKYs, bHLHs, NACs, and MYBs). This study lays the foundation for understanding the metabolic processes in response to varying levels of zinc foliar spray and provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the efficiency of zinc fertilizer utilization in A. senticosus.</p