MOESM1 of Changes in waist circumference and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) cohort study

Additional file 1. Supplementary information. Baseline characteristics of EPIC-Norfolk men and women who attended 1HE, and those who attended both 1HE and 2HE, before and after exclusion criteria were applied. Cox multivariable-adjusted HRs after 16 years of follow-up for CVD mortality in 5469 men

Carotenoid dietary intakes and plasma concentrations are associated with heel bone ultrasound attenuation and osteoporotic fracture risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort – CORRIGENDUM

 Details: correct minor error in table 2. Currently reads: Total fracture incidence for retinol Q5 reads 467/11510 and total intake 260/6538. This should read: Total fracture incidence for retinol Q5 should read 85/2302 and total intake 467/11510.</p

Carotenoid dietary intakes and plasma concentrations are associated with heel bone ultrasound attenuation and osteoporotic fracture risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort – CORRIGENDUM

 Details: correct minor error in table 2. Currently reads: Total fracture incidence for retinol Q5 reads 467/11510 and total intake 260/6538. This should read: Total fracture incidence for retinol Q5 should read 85/2302 and total intake 467/11510.</p

Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to <7 admissions) and >20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.

Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to 20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.</p

Alcohol consumption and future hospital usage: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Heavy drinkers of alcohol are reported to use hospitals more than non-drinkers, but it is unclear whether light-to-moderate drinkers use hospitals more than non-drinkers.</p><p>Objective</p><p>We examined the relationship between alcohol consumption in 10,883 men and 12,857 women aged 40–79 years in the general population and subsequent admissions to hospital and time spent in hospital.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Participants from the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population-based study were followed for ten years (1999–2009) using record linkage.</p><p>Results</p><p>Compared to current non-drinkers, men who reported any alcohol drinking had a lower risk of spending more than twenty days in hospital multivariable adjusted OR 0.80 (95%CI 0.68–0.94) after adjusting for age, smoking status, education, social class, body mass index and prevalent diseases. Women who were current drinkers were less likely to have any hospital admissions multivariable adjusted OR 0.84 (95%CI 0.74–0.95), seven or more admissions OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.66–0.88) or more than twenty hospital days OR 0.70 (95%CI 0.62–0.80). However, compared to lifelong abstainers, men who were former drinkers had higher risk of any hospital admissions multivariable adjusted OR 2.22 (95%CI 1.51–3.28) and women former drinkers had higher risk of seven or more admissions OR 1.30 (95%CI 1.01–1.67).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Current alcohol consumption was associated with lower risk of future hospital usage compared with non-drinkers in this middle aged and older population. In men, this association may in part be due to whether former drinkers are included in the non-drinker reference group but in women, the association was consistent irrespective of the choice of reference group. In addition, there were few participants in this cohort with very high current alcohol intake. The measurement of past drinking, the separation of non-drinkers into former drinkers and lifelong abstainers and the choice of reference group are all influential in interpreting the risk of alcohol consumption on future hospitalisation.</p></div

Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for women in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.

Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for women in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.</p

Logistic regression models for any hospital admissions comparing non-drinkers with current drinkers in subgroups in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.

<p>Logistic regression models for any hospital admissions comparing non-drinkers with current drinkers in subgroups in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.</p

Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for men in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.

<p>Descriptive characteristics by alcohol category for men in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort 1993–1997 and hospital admission 1999–2009.</p

Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to <7 admissions) and >20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.

<p>Age adjusted and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for any hospital admissions (compared to none), ≥7 hospital admissions (compared to <7 admissions) and >20 days of hospital stay (compared to ≤20 days) from 1999–2009 in 23,740 men and women aged 40–79 years 1993–1997.</p

Additional file 1 of Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Additional file 1: Text S1. Dietary assessment and creation of the MedDiet scores. Table S1. Components and scoring of the MEDAS and MEDAS Continuous Mediterranean diet scores. Table S2. Components and scoring of the PYRAMID Mediterranean diet adherence score. Table S3. ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for dementia diagnosis. Figure S1. Participant flowchart. Table S4. Risk of incident dementia according to Mediterranean diet adherence, with analyses restricted to individuals with a minimum of 2 dietary reports. Table S5. Risk of incident dementia according to Mediterranean diet adherence excluding participants with extreme energy intakes. Table S6. Influence of each component of the MEDAS and MEDAS Continuous scores on dementia risk. Table S7. Influence of each component of the PYRAMID score on dementia risk. Table S8. Risk of incident dementia according to Mediterranean diet adherence, excluding participants with less than 2 years and 5 years of follow up. Table S9. Sensitivity analyses adjusting for potential effect mediators (BMI, Depression and stroke). Table S10. Association between MedDiet adherence and risk of dementia in analyses stratified by polygenic risk score tertiles. Table S11. Associations between MedDiet adherence and dementia incidence in APOE ε4 non-carriers and carriers. Table S12. Associations between MedDiet adherence and dementia incidence in analyses where missing data were imputed. Table S13. Risk of incident dementia according to Mediterranean diet adherence restricted to fatal and non-fatal dementia cases. Table S14. Risk of incident dementia according to Mediterranean diet adherence for individuals with higher and lower education levels