Laboratorio de Referencia Regional de Salud Pública de San Martín

Un Laboratorio de Referencia Regional de Salud Pública es el responsable de realizar acciones de diagnóstico, control de calidad, investigaciones y vigilancia epidemiológica dentro de la región San Martín a fin de contribuir con el control y vigilancia de la salud pública en la región. Su infraestructura debe considerar requerimientos de alta calidad, siguiendo los criterios establecidos por las normativas nacionales e internacionales vinculadas a la calidad de laboratorios, y considerando el equipamiento y las condiciones ambientales óptimas para el desarrollo de sus acciones dentro de cada uno de los ambientes de laboratorio, garantizando la calidad de sus procedimientos y el control biológico. En la actualidad, en el Perú, gran parte de los laboratorios que desempeñan funciones de vigilancia en el sector público no se encuentran en correctas condiciones para realizar las funciones que les corresponden ya que no cuentan con la infraestructura apropiada, lo cual pone en riesgo la eficacia de sus procedimientos de diagnóstico, control de calidad, investigaciones y vigilancia epidemiológica. Si bien existen laboratorios con óptimas condiciones de infraestructura y equipamiento adecuado, éstos se encuentran en el sector privado, lo cual genera que la población demandante tenga que pagar altos costos para obtener los servicios de diagnóstico, control de calidad y otros. El planteamiento arquitectónico permite el correcto desarrollo de las funciones de diagnóstico, control de calidad, investigaciones y vigilancia epidemiológica, en favor de la salud pública, a través de zonas de laboratorios óptimamente diseñados mediante una organización unidireccional, en donde todos los procedimientos se podrán realizar de manera eficaz y cumpliendo con los requerimientos establecidos en las normativas nacionales e internacionales. El proyecto desarrolla el diseño arquitectónico y las especialidades de ingeniería de la solución técnica del Laboratorio de Referencia Regional de Salud Pública de San Martín, haciendo énfasis en el desarrollo a detalle de las infraestructuras de los bloques del Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Laboratorio de Control de Calidad de Alimentos y Aguas.A Regional Public Health Reference Laboratory is in charge of carrying out diagnostic actions, quality control, investigations, and epidemiological surveillance within the San Martín region in order to contribute to the control and surveillance of public health in the region. Its infrastructure must consider high quality requirements, following the criteria established by national and international regulations related to the quality of laboratories, and considering the equipment and appropriate environmental conditions for the development of its activities within each of the laboratory environments, guaranteeing the quality of its procedures and biological control. At present, in Peru, a large part of the laboratories that carry out surveillance functions in the public sector are not in good conditions to carry out the functions that correspond to them since they do not have the appropriate infrastructure, which puts the quality of its diagnostic procedures, quality control, investigations and epidemiological surveillance at risk. Although there are laboratories with optimal infrastructure conditions and adequate equipment, they are in the private sector, which means that the demanding population has to pay high costs to obtain diagnostic, quality control and other services. The architectural plan allows the correct development of the functions of diagnosis, quality control, investigations and epidemiological surveillance, for the benefit of the public health of the population, through blocks of laboratories correctly designed through a unidirectional organization, where all the procedures can be carried out efficiently and complying with the quality requirements of national and international regulations. The project develops the design of the architecture and specialties of the general plan of the San Martín Regional Public Health Reference Laboratory, emphasizing the detailed development of the infrastructures of the blocks of the Infectious Diseases Laboratory and Quality Control Laboratory of Food and Water.Tesi

La seguridad y salud en el desempeño de los trabajadores de la empresa JF Constructores SAC Chimbote 2022

El propósito de este estudio fue identificar la relación de la seguridad y salud en el desempeño de los trabajadores de la empresa JF Constructores SAC, investigación del tipo básico descriptivo no experimental cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo correlacional. Se obtuvieron los datos mediante cuestionario de un total de 70 encuestas que fue la muestra. La información fue procesada por análisis descriptivo y análisis inferencial; del análisis descriptivo concluye que la variable seguridad y salud es mala en un 37.1%, regular 30.0% y buena en un 32.9%; asimismo, el desempeño es deficiente en un 34.3%, regular en 42.9% y eficiente en 22.9%. Del análisis inferencial concluimos que el grado existente de correlación con Rho de Spearman entre las variables es 0,450, mostrando la correlación media positiva, se tiene un nivel de significancia 0,000 < 0,05. De igual forma el Rho de Spearman en la hipótesis especifica “1” es 0,445 y para la hipótesis especifica “2” es 0,392; el resultado en ambas dimensiones representa una correlación media existente, mostrando la relación entre estas dimensiones de la variable seguridad y salud con la variable desempeño

Solid-State Diffusion: An Introduction

This research explores an introduction to solid-state diffusion, focusing on its importance in materials engineering. It examines vacancy and interstitial diffusion mechanisms, the application of Fick's laws, and their impact on processes such as phase precipitation and recrystallization in metals and alloys. Additionally, it addresses its relevance in grain growth, diffusion welding, and sintering, which are critical processes to improve the properties of materials with engineering applications in various areas such as biomedical, electrical, and chemistry.Comment: 4 page

A Type II Singularity Avoidance Algorithm for Parallel Manipulators using Output Twist Screws

Parallel robots (PRs) are closed-chain manipulators with diverse applications due to their accuracy and high payload. However, there are configurations within the workspace named Type II singularities where the PRs lose control of the end-effector movements. Type II singularities are a problem for applications where complete control of the end-effector is essential. Trajectory planning produces accurate movements of a PR by avoiding Type II singularities. Generally, singularity avoidance is achieved by optimising a geometrical path with a velocity profile considering singular configurations as obstacles. This research presents an algorithm that avoids Type II singularities by modifying the trajectory of a subset of the actuators. The subset of actuators represents the limbs responsible for a Type II singularity, and they are identified by the angle between two Output Twist Screws. The proposed avoidance algorithm does not require optimisation procedures, which reduces the computational cost for offline trajectory planning and makes it suitable for online trajectory planning. The avoidance algorithm is implemented in offline trajectory planning for a pick and place planar PR and a spatial knee rehabilitation P

Admittance Controller Complemented with Real-time Singularity Avoidance for Rehabilitation Parallel Robots

Rehabilitation tasks demand robust and accurate trajectory-tracking performance, mainly achieved with parallel robots. In this field, limiting the value of the force exerted on the patient is crucial, especially when an injured limb is involved. In human-robot interaction studies, the admittance controller modifies the location of the robot according to the user efforts driving the end-effector to an arbitrary location within the workspace. However, a parallel robot has singularities within the workspace, making implementing a conventional admittance controller unsafe. Thus, this study proposes an admittance controller that overcomes the limitations of singular configurations by using a real-time singularity avoidance algorithm. The singularity avoidance algorithm modifies the original trajectory based on the actual location of the parallel robot. The complemented admittance controller is applied to a 4 degrees of freedom parallel robot for knee rehabilitation. In this case, the actual location is measured by a 3D tracking system because the location calculated by the forward kinematics is inaccurate in the vicinity of a singularity. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed admittance controller for safe knee rehabilitation exercise

Propuesta de un plan estratégico incluyendo gestión de calidad para productores de maíz morado del Valle de Condebamba con miras a crear oferta exportable

RESUMEN Desde la repartición de tierras propuesta por un sistema gubernamental ineficiente, el sector agrícola y el trabajo mismo de los agricultores ha sido infravalorado y catalogado como una actividad muy básica, la cual no necesita mejora y/o evolución. En tiempos actuales, donde el consumismo se ha intensificado en todo el mundo, y además es requerida la calidad de los productos cultivados, las zonas productoras de nuestro país, y particularmente de Cajamarca, van quedando rezagadas por su falta de competitividad ante otras zonas de producción, logrando menores rangos de beneficios y estancando su bienestar social. Sumado a ello, el desinterés y desconfianza que han creado programas inconclusos de capacitación y mejora de procesos en el sector, ha hecho que los agricultores se cierren a la búsqueda mejoras en el desarrollo de sus cultivos, manteniendo prácticas muy antiguas, donde el resultado es un producto de regular o baja calidad, y aprovechamiento de parte de los compradores o acopiadores al no pagar un justo precio por dichos cultivos. Esta investigación propone la creación de un Plan Estratégico el cual incluya sistemas de Gestión de Calidad, donde se oriente a los productores de maíz morado del Valle de Condebamba, para crear un producto que sea considerado como oferta exportable, al cumplir con los requerimientos necesarios para la entrada hacia mercados extranjeros, dando como resultado una sustancial mejora en la calidad de vida de los pobladores de la zona.ABSTRACT Since the allocation of land proposed by an inefficient government system, the agricultural sector and the work of farmers have been undervalued and catalogued as a very basic activity, which does not need improvement and / or evolution. In current times, where consumerism has intensified throughout the world, and the quality of cultivated products is also required, the producing areas of our country, and particularly of Cajamarca, are shelved because of their lack of competitiveness in comparative with other areas of Production, their achieving lower profit ranges and stagnating social welfare. Also, the lack of interest and mistrust that have created unfinished programs of training and improvement of processes in the sector, has caused farmers to close the search for improvements in the development of their crops, maintaining very old techniques, where the result is a product of regular or low quality, and use of part of buyers or intermediaries not paying a fair price for such crops. This research proposes the creation of a Strategic Plan which includes Quality Management systems, which will guide the producers of purple corn in the Condebamba Valley, to create a product that is considered as an exportable offer, by complying with the necessary requirements for The entrance to foreign markets, resulting in a substantial improvement in the quality of life of the residents of the area

Decision Support Systems for the Efficiency Social Networks of Small and Medium Enterprises

The objective of this literature review article was to develop a framework of reference for the use of social networks as a decision support systems tool for the efficiency of small and medium enterprises. Twenty (20) research articles were reviewed from 2011 to 2017 that were associated with the topics of decision support systems, strategic decisions, and social networks. The research findings suggest that the use of decision support systems help the organization gain a competitive advantage, improve performance by analyzing the data obtained, and the data extracted from social networks add value to the company with low investment. Social networks have transformed the availability of information for their customers, making available a set of tools for searching, debugging, and validating data from both: individuals and organizations [19]. The use of social media is an effective modality for the development of relationships with clients and employees [10]

Rendering Bio-inert Low-Density Polyethylene Amenable for Biodegradation via Fast High Throughput Reactive Extrusion Assisted Oxidation

An energy-efficient high throughput pre-treatment of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using a fast, reactive extrusion (REX) assisted oxidation technique followed by bacterial attachment as an indicator for bio-amenability was studied. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) was selected as a model oxidizing and catalytic reagent with the REX process demonstrated to be effective both in the presence and absence of the catalyst. Optimized 5-min duration pre-treatment conditions were determined using Box-Behnken design (BBD) with respect to screws speed, operating temperature, and concentration of SiO2. The crystallinity index, carbonyl index and weight loss (%) of LDPE were used as the studied responses for BDD. FTIR and DSC spectra of the residual LDPE obtained after pre-treatment with the REX assisted oxidation technique showed a significant increase in residual LDPE carbonyl index from 0 to 1.04 and a decrease of LDPE crystallinity index from 29 to 18%. Up to fivefold molecular weight reductions were also demonstrated using gel permeation chromatography. Optimum LDPE pre-treatment with a duration of 5 min was obtained at low screw speed (50 rpm), operating temperature of 380-390 degrees C and variable concentration of SiO2 (0 and 2% (w/w)) indicating that effective pre-treatment can occur under noncatalytic and catalysed conditions. Biofilms were successfully formed on pre-treated LDPE samples after 14 days of incubation. Furthermore, the technique proposed in this study is expected to provide a high throughput approach for pre-treatment of pervasive recalcitrant PE-based plastics to reduce their bio inertness.Related to published version:[https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1575]Peer-reviewed manuscript: Ferrero, P., Attallah, O. A., Valera, M. Á., Aleksic, I., Azeem, M., Nikodinovic-Runic, J., & Fournet, M. B. (2022). Rendering Bio-inert Low-Density Polyethylene Amenable for Biodegradation via Fast High Throughput Reactive Extrusion Assisted Oxidation. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 30(7), 2837–2846.[https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02400-w

Educación ambiental y el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable en estudiantes de una institución educativa secundaria, Chepén 2023

Estudio denominado Educación ambiental y el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable en estudiantes de una Institución Educativa secundaria, Chepén 2023; tuvo como objetivo determinar la correlación entre la educación ambiental y el derecho a vivir en un entorno sano en estudiantes de un establecimiento educativo secundario, Chepén. De dirección cuantitativa, básica, transversal, no experimental y correlacional. Con población de 150 estudiantes; muestra 108 estudiantes, muestreo no probabilístico por comodidad. Se manejó la técnica de encuesta, como instrumento el cuestionario. Se determinó que la educación ambiental en las entidades educativas de nivel secundario en Chepén no cumple con proteger o instaurar el principio a vivir en un entorno sano (rs =.295) debido a la falta de adiestramiento y desidia de los educadores, la falta de recursos materiales adecuados y la falta de supervisión por parte de las entidades de administración educativa locales a nivel nacional

Environmental life cycle analysis of an ammonia-ethanol fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) for power generation

Climate change and other environmental impacts have been an enormous worldwide concern in recent decades. Decarbonizing strategic and economic industries is mandatory. Using carbon-free fuels such as ammonia (NH3) has been promoted as a promising solution for decarbonizing both energy and industrial sectors. The use of biofuels has also been encouraged as an attractive alternative to replace conventional petroleum-based fuels in transportation. Therefore, the present study evaluates the environmental profile of using ammonia-ethanol blends in internal combustion engines (ICE) for power generation systems through a life cycle assessment (LCA) framework using the OpenLCA v1.10.3 software. The experiments were conducted in a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine that employs direct injection using three different fuel compositions (in mole fraction) of ethanol/ammonia (75/25, 50/50, and 25/75), with two different intake pressures (0.5 and 1 bar) at 1000 rpm. The functional unit (FU) was set at 1 kWh. The GWP results for 0.5 bar of intake pressure are between 0.07 and 0.95 kg CO2/kWh. The scenario running on Brazilian ethanol and green ammonia is the most environmentally friendly case. The carbon footprint for ethanol/ammonia-based ICE at 1 bar fluctuates between 0.052 and 0.68 kg CO2/kWh. Similarly, regarding GWP, there is a slight difference in Fossil Depletion Potential (FDP) when using ethanol from Brazil and ethanol from Ecuador due to the lack of circular economy strategies in Ecuador's agriculture, compared to Brazil. Regarding the contribution analysis, for a 50% green ammonia – 50% ethanol scenario for power generation, ethanol production has the highest contribution for global warming, fossil depletion, and freshwater eutrophication potential impacts. Compared to the analysed environmental impacts, some of our proposed scenarios depict better performance than the average electricity production in the United Kingdom, France and Europe. Therefore, ethanol-ammonia fuel-based for power generating systems could be an important option to contribute to the decarbonization of the electric sector